Oracle Enterprise Manager Cloud Control 12c: Managing Data Center Chaos

Table of Contents

Oracle Enterprise Manager Cloud Control 12c: Managing Data Center Chaos

Credits

About the Author

Acknowledgements

About the Reviewers

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Preface

What this book covers

What you need for this book

Who this book is for

Conventions

Reader feedback

Customer support

Errata

Piracy

Questions

1. Chaos at Data Centers

Team effort

Common solutions used in data centers

Summary

2. Enter Oracle Cloud Control

The Grid – where the cloud came from

Overview of version 12c

Striking new features in 12c

Bonus sections

3. Ease the Chaos with Performance Management

Laying the foundation

Top activity

Testing infrastructure changes

SQL Monitoring

Doctor in the database

Real-Time ADDM

Compare Period ADDM

Active Session History (ASH) analytics

Summary

4. Ease the Chaos with Configuration Management and Security Compliance

Lifecycle management

Auto discovery

Inventory

Detailed configuration

Search capability

History and compares

Topology

Custom configurations

Client configurations

Compliance

Compliance library

Configuration and compliance reporting

Summary

5. Ease the Chaos with Automated Provisioning

Lifecycle management

First steps: Software Library

Provisioning library

Provisioning profiles

Deployment procedures

Customization

Lock down

Configuration details

Compliance standards

Granting permissions to the Provisioning Operator

Running EM as the Provisioning Operator

Running the procedure

Other possibilities

Summary

6. Ease the Chaos with Automated Patching

Recommended patches

Patch plan

Out-of-place patching

Pre-patching analysis

Deployment

Plan template

Patching roles

Refreshes

Other patching procedures

Reporting

Summary

7. Ease the Chaos with Change Management

Change management

Schema comparison

Schema Change Plan

Schema synchronization

Synchronization rules and mode

Synchronization results

Executing the synchronization

Synchronization without a Change Plan

Data comparison

Continuous comparison

Use cases

Summary

8. Ease the Chaos with Test Data Management

Test Data Management

Creating packages

Creating the Application Data Model

Data subsetting

Applications

Table rules

Rule parameters

Space estimates

Pre/Post subset script

Generate subset

Benefits and capabilities

Summary

9. Ease the Chaos with Data Masking

Finding sensitive data

Creating data masking definitions

New capabilities

Adding columns to mask

Defining the masking format

Advanced options

Generated Script

Scheduling the job

Testing the results

Format library

Benefits and capabilities

Summary

10. Ease the Chaos with Exadata Management

Meeting the challenges

Discovering Exadata

Adding the hosts

Adding non-host targets

Adding the cluster and databases

Monitoring and managing Exadata

Database machine resource utilization

Exadata grid

Infiniband network

Database performance pages

Total capabilities

Summary

11. Real-life Examples and Case Studies, and It's a Wrap: The Future is the Cloud

Case study – telecom

Case study – pharmaceutical

Case study – computer manufacturer

Case study – online store

Case study – financial institution

Case study – university

Future of cloud computing

Summary

Index

Oracle Enterprise Manager Cloud Control 12c: Managing Data Center Chaos

Oracle Enterprise Manager Cloud Control 12c: Managing Data Center Chaos

Copyright © Packt Publishing

All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of the publisher, except in the case of brief quotations embedded in critical articles or reviews.

Every effort has been made in the preparation of this book to ensure the accuracy of the information presented. However, the information contained in this book is sold without warranty, either express or implied. Neither the author, nor Packt Publishing, and its dealers and distributors will be held liable for any damages caused or alleged to be caused directly or indirectly by this book.

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First published: December 2012

Production Reference: 1111212

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Cover Image by John M. Quick (<[email protected]>)

Credits

Author

Porus Homi Havewala

Reviewers

Kamran Agayev A.

Richard Ridge

Mark Fletcher

Acquisition Editors

Stephanie Moss

Robin de Jongh

Lead Technical Editor

Arun Nadar

Technical Editors

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Prashant Salvi

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Cover Work

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About the Author

Porus Homi Havewala works as the Senior Manager (for database management)in the Enterprise Technology Program Office of Oracle Corporation, based in Singapore, and specializes in Oracle Enterprise Manager. He is a double Oracle Certified Master (OCM) in 10g and 11g, as well as the first Oracle employee ACE in the country. He was awarded the prestigious Oracle ACE Director title by Oracle HQ in 2008. There are less than 150 Oracle ACE Directors in the entire world and Porus was the very first Oracle ACE and ACE Director in Singapore – a recognition of his outstanding achievements in the Oracle world.

Porus has had extensive experience in Oracle technology since 1994; this includes him working as a Senior Production DBA, Principal Database Consultant, Database Architect, E-Business Technical DBA, Development DBA, and Database Designer and Modeler (using Oracle Designer). He has published numerous articles on Oracle Enterprise Manager on OTN, and has created http://enterprise-manager.blogspot.com, one of the world's first blogs dedicated to Enterprise Manager (with Oracle Press Credentials). Porus is also the author of the book, Oracle Enterprise Manager Grid Control, Rampant TechPress which was published in 2010.

He started in the IT industry in the mid-1980s as a Turbo-C programmer in India and then as a dBase/FoxPro Developer in Australia. In the early 1990s he wrote a book on Microsoft FoxPro, which was his first published technical work. He entered the heady world of Oracle technology from 1994 as an Oracle DBA/Developer (using Oracle Forms, Oracle Reports, and Oracle Designer).

In Telstra, the largest telecommunications company in Australia, Porus was the Senior Database Consultant in the central DBA team for a number of years and was responsible for database standards, database architecture, and the architecture, setup, and management of the first production Enterprise Manager Grid Control site in the world. He next worked in Oracle ACS India (Mumbai), and then with an Oracle Platinum Partner, S&I Systems in Singapore, before rejoining Oracle in the same city.

Porus is an enthusiast for Oracle technology, especially Oracle Enterprise Manager, on which he has conducted popular seminars and webinars for large MNCs, and implemented this powerful enterprise toolset. The following is a full list of his published technical articles and white papers on the Oracle Technical Network(OTN). A couple of these articles were in the most popular OTN article list in 2009. The OTN is the world's largest community of developers, DBAs, and architects.

Published white papers on OTN include:

Advanced Uses of Oracle Enterprise Manager 11g

Managing Oracle Applications with Oracle Enterprise Manager 11g

Published technical articles on OTN include:

Using Grid Control with Filer Snapshotting

Oracle Enterprise Manager Grid Control Architecture for Very Large Sites

Oracle RMAN Backups: Pushing the Easy Button

Patch a Thousand Databases, Using Oracle Enterprise Manager Grid Control

Easy Disaster Proof Production with Grid Control

Using Oracle GoldenGate for Real-Time Data Integration

Mask Your Secrets Using Oracle Enterprise Manager

Manage Mass Provisioning Using Oracle Enterprise Manager Grid Control

Overview of Oracle EM Management Packs

Provision Your Oracle RAC Systems Using Oracle Enterprise Manager

Ease the Chaos with Automated Patching: Oracle Enterprise Manager Cloud Control 12c

For the Internet links to the articles and white papers, please see the blog entry:

http://enterprise-manager.blogspot.sg/2012/11/latest-list-of-published-white-papers.html

In early 2009, Porus was also voted leader of the Oracle RAC Special Interest Group (SIG) in Singapore, a rotating position he held for 2 years.

Acknowledgements

No book is complete without an initial dedication and a thanks to all. I would like to dedicate this book to Lord Shri Ganesha, who is India's favorite deity – the Lord of Beginnings (every Start is dedicated to Him) and the Remover of obstacles. I pray for His Blessings on this work of mine, may it be a Success.

I also dedicate this book to a great revered saint of my Zoroastrian religion, Sant Dasturji Jamshedji Sorabji Kukadaru Saheb, who worked various miracles in his lifetime and to whom all of my Parsi community prays, when they need divine help. I pray for His Blessings on this work of mine, may it be a Success.

I would also like to dedicate this book to my dear departed father, Shri Homi Maneckji Havewala, who was a great unpublished writer of the English language and who imparted his love of English, as well as all things spiritual, to me as his only son. I pray for his Blessings on this work of mine, may it be a Success.

I would like to thank everyone involved in the book, especially my readers who have stood by me on the internet, making my Enterprise Manager articles on OTN quite popular over the years. It is for the readers that a writer writes, even a technical writer, and I have been blessed with excellent readers who have appreciated my enthusiasm for the product.

Most importantly, I would like to thank Havovi, my beloved wife who has helped and supported me throughout the writing of this book.

As always, I would like to thank my ex-manager, David Russell, who lives and works in Australia. I was the Lead Database Architect for Enterprise Manager under his corporate database technologies team for many years, and it is there that I started working with Enterprise Manager Grid Control 10g. Our company was the first production site for this version of Enterprise Manager. It is indeed true that a good manager can actually make a person's career, and David has done this with his continual appreciation and encouragement, and I thank him for it.

I would like to thank all the editorial staff at Packt Publishing for helping out with the publication and editing of this book through all the versions and chapters.

Thanks are also due to my management at Oracle Corporation for their encouragement and support in writing the book, and to the Oracle Legal team for allowing the use of screenshots of the product from various sources.

Of course, the views and opinions expressed in this book are entirely my own, and do not represent the views and position of Oracle Corporation.

About the Reviewers

Kamran Agayev A. is an Oracle ACE and Oracle Certified Professional DBA working at AzerCell Telecom. He's an author of the book, Oracle Backup & Recovery, published by Rampant TechPress , and also shares his experience with a lot of step-by-step articles and video tutorials in his blog, http://kamranagayev.com.

He also makes presentations at Oracle OpenWorld, TROUG, and local events.

Richard Ridge is currently the APAC Database Manager for First Data. Richard has spent more than 15 years working as a Database Administrator and leading database administration teams. Richard has worked for large global corporations in the finance and telecommunication industry in both Australia and the UK, and has a strong background in running large and complex database platforms. He is an ex-colleague of the author.

Mark Fletcher has over 22 years of experience in the computer industry, working his way up from a simple Operator, to Helpdesk Support, to Programmer, Analyst, and Consultant. After working for 13 years with Oracle, which involved engagements in a number of countries, he is now putting what he has learned through his many experiences to practice in a large Australian company. He is also an ex-colleague of the author.

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Preface

I would like to extend a warm welcome to all readers of this new book, Oracle Enterprise Manager Cloud Control 12c: Managing Data Center Chaos.

You are about to enter the exciting and wonderful world of Enterprise Manager, Oracle's premium product for management of the Oracle stack, right from the application layer down to disk level.

If you have used Enterprise Manager before and are aware of its capabilities, this will be a good primer for learning the brand new capabilities of the new version. For people who want to be introduced to Enterprise Manager for the first time, this will be a whole new world drawn from my professional experience of many years in the IT industry, written in easy-to-understand English.

I have included a number of advanced topics that demonstrate how Enterprise Manager Cloud Control 12c aids in database performance management, configuration management, security compliance, automated provisioning, automated patching, and database change management. You will also learn how Cloud Control 12c allows Exadata database machine monitoring and management, test data management for subsetting data of large databases, and sensitive data de-identification using data masking. This is followed by various real-life examples and case studies of actual Oracle customers to show how they have benefited from using Oracle Enterprise Manager.

Sit back and enjoy!

What this book covers

Chapter 1, Chaos at Data Centers, introduces the reader to the typical chaos in data centers and discusses the way these common issues are normally resolved, by manual labor or manual scripting using extensive human resources.

Chapter 2, Enter Oracle Cloud Control, reveals Oracle Enterprise Manager Cloud Control 12c as the suggested solution for managing the typical data center. The chapter includes recommended installation techniques and best architecture practices for this latest version of Oracle Enterprise Manager.

Additional content about this chapter can be found in the online chapter [italics]Installation/Upgrade Tactics and Architecture for Large Sites [/italics] at: http://www.packtpub.com/sites/default/files/downloads/4781EN_Installation_Upgrade_Tactics_and_Architecture_for_Large_Sites.pdf

Chapter 3, Ease the Chaos with Performance Management, explains how Cloud Control 12c aids in database performance management by guaranteeing performance levels, proactively using various innovative techniques for diagnosis and tuning.

Chapter 4, Ease the Chaos with Configuration Management and Security Compliance, demonstrates how Cloud Control 12c aids in configuration management by automatically discovering components, collecting configuration information, and allowing configuration comparisons and historical searches of changes. Configuration compliance and security compliance is also explained.

Chapter 5, Ease the Chaos with Automated Provisioning, demonstrates how Cloud Control 12c performs automated provisioning of Oracle databases and software, enabling Provisioning Designers to use the new facility of profiles and locked-down procedures, which make it easier to provision a fully configured gold copy in the Oracle database and at the same time prevent Provisioning Operators from deviating from corporate standards.

Chapter 6, Ease the Chaos with Automated Patching, demonstrates how Cloud Control 12c allows automated patching of Oracle databases in the data center, thus making it possible to easily apply critical patch updates or patch set updates on a quarterly basis. The Patching Designer selects from a list of recommended patches, creates a patch plan template, and publishes it to the Patching Operator, who then creates a patch plan to apply the patch to target databases. After the initial selection, the download, validation and deployment of the patch (single or multiple) is fully automated, thus enabling mass deployment of patches to multiple database homes at prescheduled times. The new feature of out-of-place patching is explained in the chapter, as is the patch plan templates.

Chapter 7, Ease the Chaos with Change Management, explains how Cloud Control 12c allows the capture of all database schema changes and comparison of databases or schemas to aid in propagation of changes across the development lifecycle, greatly assisting in the auditing process as a result. The new Change Plans and the capability of data comparisons for seed or configuration data are also covered in the chapter.

Chapter 8, Ease the Chaos with Test Data Management, explains how Cloud Control 12c simplifies test data management by allowing subsetting of data so smaller test databases can be created from a larger production database. This leads to considerable storage cost savings in test environments.

Chapter 9, Ease the Chaos with Data Masking, explains how Cloud Control 12c can be used to discover confidential data and set up a centralized masking template library that can achieve obfuscation (de-identification) of any confidential data when copying data from production to test databases.

Chapter 10, Ease the Chaos with Exadata Management, explains how Cloud Control 12c aids in monitoring and managing the powerful Oracle Exadata system as a whole, both the hardware and software components, as well as the network infrastructure.

Chapter 11, Real-life Examples and Case Studies, and It's a Wrap – the Future is the Cloud, includes various real-life examples and case studies of actual Oracle customers to show how they have benefited from using Oracle Enterprise Manager. The final chapter explores the future of Cloud Computing and Oracle's strong standing in the cloud game, now also strengthened by the new Enterprise Manager Cloud Control 12c.

What you need for this book

This book is a practical step-by-step tutorial, with screenshots, for carrying out tasks and shows you how to manage and administer your data center with Oracle Enterprise Manager Cloud Control 12c.

It is packed with best practices and tips that will help you benefit from the author's extensive experience working with Oracle Enterprise Manager for over a decade, combined with his IT industry experience spanning more than 25 years.

To follow the steps in this book, you need access to an Enterprise Manager Cloud Control 12c installation. You can install your own environment by following the detailed steps in the online chapter Installation/Upgrade Tactics and Architecture for Large Sites, Even if you don't have access to an environment, you can still read the book to get an idea of the capabilities of Enterprise Manager.

Who this book is for

If you are a data center, IT, or database team manager who wants to take advantage of the automation and compliance benefits of Enterprise Manager Cloud Control 12c, Oracle Enterprise Manager Cloud Control 12c: Managing Data Center Chaos is for you. CTOs will also find this book useful.

Experience with Enterprise Manager is not essential as the author's experience tells you all you need to know about getting started with Enterprise Manager. More experienced readers will learn about the brand new capabilities of the Cloud Control 12c release.

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Chapter 1. Chaos at Data Centers

Studies show that many corporations world wide expect their IT footprint to grow in the coming years. They expect more servers, more databases, more data, and more of everything.

They require more floor space in their data centers, and correspondingly a greater power footprint. Have you heard of a data center where no more servers can be added as the power supply has reached its limit, or the uninterruptible power supply (UPS) can no longer cope? This story is not new, it happened a few years ago.

The growth seems to be endless—and this is fuelled by today's information age, where larger and larger volumes of data need to be stored and distributed to satisfy an ever-growing demand. More applications are using those databases, on more and more application servers.

So, for an IT manager, this will mean more of everything in his/her data centre. There may be different hardware platforms, different operating systems, for example, Solaris, Linux, IBM AIX, or Microsoft Windows, and in each such case there may be different versions such as the different flavors of Linux supplied by different vendors, including Oracle Enterprise Linux, Red Hat, SUSE Linux, and so on.

In the database arena, if a company has no policy of standardization for one particular database vendor, there may be different databases, such as Oracle, IBM DB2, or Microsoft SQL Server, in use by different projects.

Even if the databases belong to only one vendor, for example Oracle, the databases may be of different versions, such as Oracle Database 9i, 10g, or 11g. In the real world, it is very difficult to standardize on one version, as all applications