Siege

A siege is a military blockade of a city or fortress with the intent of conquering by attrition or assault. The term derives from sedere, Latin for "to sit". Siege warfare is a form of constant, low-intensity conflict characterized by one party holding a strong, static defensive position. Consequently, an opportunity for negotiation between combatants is not uncommon, as proximity and fluctuating advantage can encourage diplomacy.

A siege occurs when an attacker encounters a city or fortress that cannot be easily taken by a coup de main and refuses to surrender. Sieges involve surrounding the target and blocking the reinforcement or escape of troops or provision of supplies (a tactic known as "investment"), typically coupled with attempts to reduce the fortifications by means of siege engines, artillery bombardment, mining (also known as sapping), or the use of deception or treachery to bypass defences. Failing a military outcome, sieges can often be decided by starvation, thirst, or disease, which can afflict either the attacker or defender. This form of siege, though, can take many months or even years, depending upon the size of the stores of food the fortified position holds. During the process of circumvallation, the attacking force can be set upon by another force of enemies due to the lengthy amount of time required to starve a position. A defensive ring of forts outside the ring of circumvallated forts, called contravallation, is also sometimes used to defend the attackers from outside enemy forces.

Siege (comics)

"Siege" is an American comic book published by Marvel Comics from January 2010 to May 2010. It deals with the culmination of the Dark Reign storyline which saw Norman Osborn become the United States primary defense officer, leading H.A.M.M.E.R and employing his own evil Avengers. The story depicted Loki manipulating Osborn into leading an all-out assault on Asgard, at the time located within the United States. Captain America and his own Avengers lead a rebellion against Osborn which escalated to an all-out assault. The events in Siege led to Marvel Comics introducing the subsequent storyline, Heroic Age.

Publication history

Siege ran as an eponymous four-issue mini-series, with connected one-shots and associated mini-series, as well as crossovers into existing ongoing series.

Marvel announced in early 2010 that the company's Siege storyline would be followed by the Heroic Age storyline. This was first hinted at in the story by Athena to Amadeus Cho.

Publication aftermath

The end of aftermath was described as what would be the start of a new "Heroic Age" in the Marvel Universe.

Siege (video game)

Siege is a computer game developed by Mindcraft in 1992 for the PC DOS/MS-DOS.

Plot

Set in the world of Mindcraft's The Magic Candle,Siege is a castle-combat war game in which the player controls either the hordes of darkness (orcs, trolls, domugs, tekhirs, and the like) or the warriors of good (humans, dwarves, and elves), either attacking or defending one of four castles in Western Gurtex. The player manages elite troops, berserkers, sergeants, and engineers in the campaign, as well as various assault and defense machines (such as ballistae, burning oil, battering rams, mobile bridges, siege towers, assault ladders, and catapults)and magicians to hurl spells at the enemy. The game features 24 different scenarios, and comes with an editor to allow the players to make new scenarios, or modify those included.

Reception

Computer Gaming World in 1992 complimented Siege's "beautifully rendered" VGA graphics and scenario editor, and approved of it being the first game based on castle warfare. The magazine criticized the lack of detail in win conditions and a too-predictable AI opponent, but concluded that the game "is an all-around unique and engaging simulation ... If the computer AI had more of a cruel streak, the game would be outstanding". In a 1993 survey of pre 20th-century strategy games the magazine gave the game two-plus stars out of five. The game was reviewed in 1993 in Dragon #189 by Hartley, Patricia, and Kirk Lesser in "The Role of Computers" column. The reviewers gave the game 4 out of 5 stars.

Pest

Pest or The Pest may refer to:

Science and medicine

Arts

Places

Other

See also

Pest County

Pest County (Hungarian pronunciation: [ˈpɛʃt]) is a county (megye) in central Hungary. It covers an area of 6,393.14 square kilometres (2,468.41 sq mi), and has a population of 1,213,090 (2009). It surrounds the national capital Budapest and the majority of the county's population (65.2%/790,995 in 2009) live in the suburbs of Budapest. It shares borders with Slovakia and the Hungarian counties Nógrád, Heves, Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok, Bács-Kiskun, Fejér and Komárom-Esztergom. The River Danube flows through the county. The capital of Pest County is Budapest (administratively separate).

History

The present county Pest was formed after World War II, when the former county Pest-Pilis-Solt-Kiskun was split in two parts (the other part is within present-day Bács-Kiskun). Pest County also existed in the early days of the medieval Kingdom of Hungary (11th century). Its territory comprised approximately the north-eastern part of present Pest County. It was combined with adjacent Pilis county before the 15th century. More information can be found at the entry of former Pest-Pilis-Solt-Kiskun county.

Pest, Hungary

Pest (Hungarian pronunciation: [ˈpɛʃt]) is the eastern, mostly flat part of Budapest, Hungary, comprising about two thirds of the city's territory. It is separated from Buda, the other part of Budapest, by the Danube River. Among its most notable parts are the Inner City, including the Hungarian Parliament, Heroes' Square and Andrássy Avenue. In colloquial Hungarian, "Pest" is often used for the whole capital of Budapest.

Etymology

The name Pest comes from a Slavic word meaning "furnace", "oven" (Bulgarian пещ ['peʃt]; Serbian пећ; Croatian "peć"), related to the word пещера (meaning "cave"), probably with reference to a local cave where fire burned.

History

Pest was a separate independent city, references to which appear in writings dating back to 1148. In earlier centuries there were ancient Celtic and Roman settlements there. Pest became an important economic center during 11th–13th centuries. It was destroyed in the 1241 Mongol invasion of Hungary but rebuilt once again soon thereafter. In 1838 it was flooded by the Danube; parts of the city were under as much as eight feet of water, and the flood destroyed or seriously damaged three-fourths of the city’s buildings. In 1849 the first suspension bridge, the Széchenyi Chain Bridge, was constructed across the Danube connecting Pest with Buda. Consequently, in 1873, the two cities were unified with Óbuda to become Budapest.