Eliza

Eliza may refer to:

See also

Eliza (1806 ship)

The Eliza was a 511-ton (later 538 ton) merchant ship built in British India in 1806. She made five voyages transporting convicts from England and Ireland to Australia.

Career

Under the command of Francis Hunt and surgeon J. Brydone, she left England on 16 October 1819, with 160 male convicts. She arrived in Sydney on 21 January 1820 and had one death en route.

Eliza departed Port Jackson on 21 March 1820 bound for Hobart Town.

On her second convict voyage under the command of J. Hunt and surgeon William Rae, she left Sheerness, England on 20 July 1822, with 160 male convicts. She arrived in Sydney on 22 November 1822 and had no deaths en route.

Eliza departed Port Jackson on 12 January 1823, bound for Batavia.

After repairs and rerated at 538 tons, her next convict voyage under the command of Daniel Leary and surgeon George Rutherford, she left Cork, Ireland on 19 July 1827, with 192 male convicts. She arrived in Sydney on 8 November 1827 and had no convict deaths en route. One guard died on the voyage.

ELIZA

ELIZA is a computer program and an early example of primitive natural language processing. ELIZA operated by processing users' responses to scripts, the most famous of which was DOCTOR, a simulation of a Rogerian psychotherapist. Using almost no information about human thought or emotion, DOCTOR sometimes provided a startlingly human-like interaction. ELIZA was written at MIT by Joseph Weizenbaum between 1964 and 1966.

When the "patient" exceeded the very small knowledge base, DOCTOR might provide a generic response, for example, responding to "My head hurts" with "Why do you say your head hurts?" A possible response to "My mother hates me" would be "Who else in your family hates you?" ELIZA was implemented using simple pattern matching techniques, but was taken seriously by several of its users, even after Weizenbaum explained to them how it worked. It was one of the first chatterbots.

Overview

Weizenbaum said that ELIZA, running the DOCTOR script, provided a "parody" of "the responses of a nondirectional psychotherapist in an initial psychiatric interview." He chose the context of psychotherapy to "sidestep the problem of giving the program a data base of real-world knowledge," the therapeutic situation being one of the few real human situations in which a human being can reply to a statement with a question that indicates very little specific knowledge of the topic under discussion. For example, it is a context in which the question "Who is your favorite composer?" can be answered acceptably with responses such as "What about your own favorite composer?" or "Does that question interest you?"

FAU

FAU or Fau may refer to:

Fau (river)

The Fau is a 10.4 km river in the Haute-Saône department in the Franche-Comté region of eastern France. It rises in Étobon and flows generally west to join the Rognon in Moffans-et-Vacheresse.

References

Coordinates: 47°38′27″N 6°34′18″E / 47.6408°N 6.5718°E / 47.6408; 6.5718

FAU (gene)

40S ribosomal protein S30 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the FAU gene.

Function

This gene is the cellular homolog of the fox sequence in the Finkel-Biskis-Reilly murine sarcoma virus (FBR-MuSV). It encodes a fusion protein consisting of the ubiquitin-like protein fubi at the N-terminus and ribosomal protein S30 at the C-terminus. It has been proposed that the fusion protein is post-translationally processed to generate free fubi and free ribosomal protein S30. Fubi is a member of the ubiquitin family, and ribosomal protein S30 belongs to the S30E family of ribosomal proteins. Whereas the function of fubi is currently unknown, ribosomal protein S30 is a component of the 40S subunit of the cytoplasmic ribosome. Pseudogenes derived from this gene are present in the genome. Similar to ribosomal protein S30, ribosomal proteins S27a and L40 are synthesized as fusion proteins with ubiquitin.

References

Further reading