A siege is a military blockade of a city or fortress with the intent of conquering by attrition or assault. The term derives from sedere, Latin for "to sit". Siege warfare is a form of constant, low-intensity conflict characterized by one party holding a strong, static defensive position. Consequently, an opportunity for negotiation between combatants is not uncommon, as proximity and fluctuating advantage can encourage diplomacy.
A siege occurs when an attacker encounters a city or fortress that cannot be easily taken by a coup de main and refuses to surrender. Sieges involve surrounding the target and blocking the reinforcement or escape of troops or provision of supplies (a tactic known as "investment"), typically coupled with attempts to reduce the fortifications by means of siege engines, artillery bombardment, mining (also known as sapping), or the use of deception or treachery to bypass defences. Failing a military outcome, sieges can often be decided by starvation, thirst, or disease, which can afflict either the attacker or defender. This form of siege, though, can take many months or even years, depending upon the size of the stores of food the fortified position holds. During the process of circumvallation, the attacking force can be set upon by another force of enemies due to the lengthy amount of time required to starve a position. A defensive ring of forts outside the ring of circumvallated forts, called contravallation, is also sometimes used to defend the attackers from outside enemy forces.
Siege is a 1940 documentary short about the Siege of Warsaw by the Wehrmacht at the start of World War II. It was shot by Julien Bryan, a Pennsylvanian photographer and cameraman who later established the International Film Foundation.
Siege was nominated for an Oscar for Best One-reel Short at the 13th Academy Awards in 1941, and in 2006 it was named to the National Film Registry by the Librarian of Congress as "a unique, horrifying record of the dreadful brutality of war".
Siege is a book collecting the articles of American neo-Nazi James Mason, former leader of the National Socialist Liberation Front and Universal Order. It collects the text of Mason's SIEGE newsletter (1980–1986) and other propaganda, arranging it according to topic. It places an emphasis on gaining power through armed struggle rather than political means.
It was first published by Storm Books in 1992, edited and introduced by Michael Moynihan. It was republished, with a new preface by Mason and an introduction by Ryan Schuster, in 2003 (Black Sun Publications, ISBN 0-9724408-0-1).
The book has been praised and promoted by Tom Metzger (, ).
Cinema is the fourth solo album by Elaine Paige. The album was released in 1984 on Warner Music, peaking at #12 in the UK album charts. This album has been re-issued on CD. It was the second of Paige's recordings to be produced by Tony Visconti. To follow the theme of Stages, Paige chose tracks that had been previously recorded for soundtracks. Like Stages, the recording was primarily conducted at Visconti's Good Earth Studios, other than for "Sometimes" (Theme from Champions) which had been previously recorded at CTS Studios, London featuring the New World Philharmonia.
In 2014, Rhino UK released on the compilation album Elaine Paige - The Ultimate Collection the out-take "What A Feeling" (from the musical 'Flashdance') which was originally recorded as part of the 'Cinema' album sessions.
Karsh Kale (pronounced Kursh Kah-lay, कर्ष काळे in Marathi) is an Indian American musician, producer and composer, and is considered one of the pioneering figures in defining the Asian Underground genre by mixing disparate genres of music such as Indian classical and folk with electronica, rock, pop and ambient music. In addition to production, remixing, and DJ work, Kale is known for his tabla drumming and film composition.
Born as Utkarsha Kale on November 1, 1974 to Indian Marathi speaking immigrants in West Bromwich, England, Kale was raised in Brooklyn, New York after his parents relocated in 1977. Kale took an interest in drums and eventually became a tabla player. Kale's father introduced Kale to a broad range of music, which included traditional Indian music, classical, rock, and even early hip-hop. From this broad range of influences, Kale, who was self-taught, developed his own style, which eventually led to his "electric tabla".
In 2000, Bill Laswell founded Tabla Beat Science, inviting Kale, along with Zakir Hussain, Talvin Singh, Trilok Gurtu and Sultan Khan. Together, the group released Tala Matrix that year. The album is considered to be one of the most influential Asian Fusion albums to date, and the group embarked on a tour, of which one of the shows was later released on DVD.
Cinema is the fifteenth studio album by Italian classical tenor recording artist Andrea Bocelli.
The album featuring renditions of classic film soundtracks and scores, was released on October 23, 2015 through Sugar Music and Universal Music Group.
The album was produced by David Foster, Humberto Gatica, and Tony Renis who also worked together on Bocelli's Amore in 2006.
Bocelli said of Cinema: "With the album ‘Cinema,’ I’m fulfilling a wish that I’ve harboured for decades. I’ve never made a secret of my dream of bringing to life a recording project associated with soundtracks, as I truly believe that it’s an exceptional artistic treasure trove."
Cinema entered the Official UK Albums Chart at No. 3, behind 5 Seconds of Summer's Sounds Good Feels Good and Bryan Adams's Get Up!. The tally was Bocelli's highest UK chart position in over a decade, since 2001’s Cieli di Toscana, and his tenth Top 10 album on the UK pop charts, a record for a classical music artist.