Bourbon-l'Archambault is a spa town and a commune in the Allier department in Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region in central France. It is the place of origin of the House of Bourbon. In 1300, Louis Bourbon built this city when he was made Grand Chambrier of France.
In 1681, Louise Marie Anne de Bourbon, Mademoiselle de Tours, the third daughter of Louis XIV and his mistress Françoise-Athénaïs, marquise de Montespan died there at the age of seven.
Over three decades later, on 26 May 1707, Mme de Montespan also died in Bourbon-l'Archambault.
In 1915, mathematician André Lichnerowicz was born here (died 1998).