Cannabis sativa

Taxonavigation

Taxonavigation: Rosales
Classification System: APG IV Superregnum: Eukaryota Regnum: Plantae Cladus: Angiosperms Cladus: Eudicots Cladus: Core eudicots Cladus: Rosids Cladus: Eurosids I Ordo: Rosales

Familia: Cannabaceae
Genus: Cannabis
Species: Cannabis sativa
Subspecies: C. s. subsp. indica – C. s. subsp. sativa

Varietas: C. s. var. ruderalis

Name

Cannabis sativa L. Sp. Pl. 2: 1027 (1753).

Synonyms

Heterotypic
- Cannabis americana Pharm. ex Wehmer
- Cannabis chinensis Delile
- Cannabis erratica Siev.
- Cannabis generalis E.H.L.Krause
- Cannabis gigantea Crevost
- Cannabis indica Lam.
- Cannabis intersita Soják
- Cannabis kafiristanica (Vavilov) Chrtek
- Cannabis lupulus Scop.
- Cannabis macrosperma Stokes
- Cannabis ruderalis Janisch.
- Cannabis sativa subsp. indica (Lam.) E.Small & Cronquist
- Cannabis sativa var. indica (Lam.) Wehmer
- Cannabis sativa subsp. intersita (Soják) Soják
- Cannabis sativa var. kafiristanica (Vavilov) E.Small & Cronquist
- Cannabis sativa var. ruderalis (Janisch.) S.Z.Liou

Note: Synonymy sensu Govaerts (2019) c.f. Hassler (2019)

Distribution

Native distribution areas:

Continental: Europe (introduced)
- Regional: Northern Europe
  - Denmark, Finland, Great Britain, Ireland, Norway, Sweden.
- Regional: Middle Europe
  - Austria, Belgium, Czechoslovakia, Germany, Hungary, Poland, Switzerland.
- Regional: Southwestern Europe
  - Corse, France, Sardegna, Spain.
- Regional: Southeastern Europe
  - Albania, Bulgaria, Greece, Italy, Romania, Sicilia, Turkey-in-Europe, Yugoslavia.
- Regional: Eastern Europe
  - Belarus, Central European Russia, East European Russia, South European Russia, Northwest European Russia.
Continental: Africa (introduced)
- Regional: Northern Africa
  - Algeria, Morocco.
- Regional: West Tropical Africa
  - Benin, Ghana, Guinea, Senegal.
- Regional: West-Central Tropical Africa
  - Central African Republic, Cameroon, Gulf of Guinea Islands, Rwanda, Zaire.
- Regional: Northeast Tropical Africa
  - Chad, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Sudan.
- Regional: East Tropical Africa
  - Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda.
- Regional: South Tropical Africa
  - Angola, Malawi, Mozambique, Zambia, Zimbabwe.
- Regional: Southern Africa
  - Botswana, Cape Provinces, Lesotho, KwaZulu-Natal, Free State, Northern Provinces.
- Regional: Western Indian Ocean
  - Mauritius, Réunion.
Continental: Asia-Temperate
- Regional: Siberia
  - Altay, Buryatiya, Chita, Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk, Tuva, West Siberia, Yakutskiya (introduced).
- Regional: Russian Far East
  - Amur, Kamchatka, Khabarovsk, Magadan, Primorye, Sakhalin (introduced).
- Regional: Middle Asia
  - Kazakhstan, Kirgizstan, Turkmenistan, Tadzhikistan, Uzbekistan.
- Regional: Caucasus
  - North Caucasus, Transcaucasus (introduced).
- Regional: Western Asia
  - Afghanistan, Cyprus, East Aegean Islands, Iran, Iraq, Lebanon-Syria, Turkey (introduced).
- Regional: China
  - China South-Central, Hainan, Inner Mongolia, China North-Central, China Southeast, Tibet (introduced), Xinjiang.
- Regional: Eastern Asia
  - Korea (introduced).
Continental: Asia-Tropical
- Regional: Indian Subcontinent
  - Assam, Bangladesh, East Himalaya, India, Nepal (introduced), Pakistan, West Himalaya (introduced).
- Regional: Indo-China
  - Andaman Islands, Cambodia, Nicobar Islands, Thailand, Vietnam (introduced).
- Regional: Malesia
  - Jawa, Lesser Sunda Islands (introduced).
Continental: Australasia (introduced)
- Regional: New Zealand
  - New Zealand North, New Zealand South.
Continental: Pacific (introduced)
- Regional: Southwestern Pacific
  - Fiji, Vanuatu.
- Regional: South-Central Pacific
  - Marquesas, Society Islands, Tuamotu, Tubuai Islands.
- Regional: North-Central Pacific
  - Hawaii.
Continental: Northern America (introduced)
- Regional: Eastern Canada
  - Ontario, Québec.
- Regional: Northwestern U.S.A.
  - Colorado, Idaho, Oregon, Washington.
- Regional: North-Central U.S.A.
  - Illinois, Iowa, Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, North Dakota, Nebraska, Oklahoma, South Dakota, Wisconsin.
- Regional: Northeastern U.S.A.
  - Connecticut, Indiana, Maine, Massachusetts, Michigan, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Vermont, West Virginia.
- Regional: Southwestern U.S.A.
  - California, Nevada.
- Regional: South-Central U.S.A.
  - New Mexico.
- Regional: Southeastern U.S.A.
  - Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, Kentucky, Maryland, Tennessee, Virginia.
- Regional: Mexico
  - Mexico Northwest.
Continental: Southern America (introduced)
- Regional: Central America
  - Costa Rica, Nicaragua.
- Regional: Caribbean
  - Cuba, Dominican Republic, Haiti, Jamaica, Leeward Islands, Puerto Rico, Trinidad-Tobago, Windward Islands.
- Regional: Western South America
  - Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru.

References: Brummitt, R.K. 2001. TDWG – World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, 2^nd Edition

References

Primary references

Linnaeus, C. 1753. Species Plantarum. Tomus II: 1027. Reference page.

Links

Govaerts, R. et al. 2019. Cannabis sativa in Kew Science Plants of the World Online. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2019 Aug. 7. Reference page.
Hassler, M. 2018. Cannabis sativa. World Plants: Synonymic Checklists of the Vascular Plants of the World In: Roskovh, Y., Abucay, L., Orrell, T., Nicolson, D., Bailly, N., Kirk, P., Bourgoin, T., DeWalt, R.E., Decock, W., De Wever, A., Nieukerken, E. van, Zarucchi, J. & Penev, L., eds. 2018. Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2018 Dec. 11. Reference page.
International Plant Names Index. 2019. 7. Published online. Accessed Aug. 2019.
USDA, ARS, Germplasm Resources Information Network. Cannabis sativa in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), U.S. Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service. Accessed: 09-Oct-10.

Vernacular names

ak: Ntampi
беларуская: Каноплі пасяўныя
čeština: Konopí seté
dansk: Almindelig Hamp
Deutsch: Hanf
English: Hemp, Marijuana
Esperanto: Kanabo
español: Mandanga
eesti: Harilik kanep
suomi: Hamppu
Nordfriisk: Manila
français: Chanvre
italiano: Canapa
日本語: アサ
한국어: 삼
македонски: Обичен коноп
Plattdüütsch: Hanp (Mönsterländsk), Henp (Noorddüütschland)
Nederlands: Hennep
norsk: Hamp
polski: Konopie siewne
português: Maconha
română: Canepa
slovenčina: Konopa siata
svenska: Hampa
ไทย: กัญชง
Türkçe: Kenevir