Rosa Luxemburg

Rosa Luxemburg
Rosa Luxemburg
	Rosa Luxemburg in 1905
Born	5 Mairch 1871; Zamość, Congress Poland, Roushie Empire
Dee'd	15 Januar 1919 (aged 47); Berlin, Germany
Citizenship	German
Alma mater	Varsity o Zurich (Dr. jur., 1897)
Thrift	Filosofer; Economist; Revolutionary
Kent for	Luxemburgism
Poleetical pairty	(First) Proletariat Pairty; (1882–1886); Social Democracy o the Kinrick o Poland an Lithuanie; (1893–1918); Social Democratic Pairty o Germany; (1898–1915); Independent Social Democratic Pairty; (1917–1918); Spartacus League; (1915–1918); Communist Pairty o Germany; (1919);
Hauf-marrae(s)	Gustav Lübeck
Pairtner(s)	Leo Jogiches
Kin	Eliasz Luxemburg (father); Line Löwenstein (mother)

Rosa Luxemburg (an aa Rozalia Luxenburg; Pols: Róża Luksemburg; 5 Mairch 1871^[1] – 15 Januar 1919) wis a Marxist theorist, philosopher, economist, anti-war activist, an revolutionary socialist o Pols-Jewish strynd wha acame a naituralised German ceetizen. She wis, successively, a member o the Social Democracy o the Kinrick o Poland an Lithuanie (SDKPiL), the Social Democratic Pairty o Germany (SPD), the Independent Social Democratic Pairty (USPD), an the Communist Pairty o Germany (KPD).

In 1915, efter the SPD supportit German involvement in Warld War I, she an Karl Liebknecht co-foondit the anti-war Spartacus League (Spartakusbund), that eventually becam the KPD. In the November Revolution she co-foondit the newspaper Die Rote Fahne ("The Reid Banner"), the central organ o the Spartacist muivement.

She conseedert the Spartacist uprisin o Januar 1919 a blunder,^[2] but supportit it as events unfauldit. Friedrich Ebert's majority Social Democratic govrenment crushed the revolt an the Spartakusbund bi sendin in the Freikorps (govrenment-sponsored paramilitar groups consistin maistly o Warld War I veterans). Freikorps truips capturt an summarily executit Luxemburg an Liebknecht in the rebellion. Luxemburg's bouk wis thrawn in the Landwehr Canaul in Berlin.

Due tae her pyntit creeticism o baith the Leninist an the mair moderate social democratic schuils o socialism, Luxemburg haes haed a somewhit ambivalent reception amang scholarts an theorists o the poleetical left.^[3] Nanetheless, Luxemburg an Liebknecht war extensively idolised as communist mairtyrs bi the East German communist regime.^[4] The German Federal Office for the Pertection o the Constitution notes that idolisation o Rosa Luxemburg ad Karl Liebknecht is an important tradeetion o German faur-left activism.^[4]

References

↑ Luxemburg biography at marxists.org
↑ Frederik Hetmann: Rosa Luxemburg. Ein Leben für die Freiheit, p. 308
↑ Leszek Kołakowski ([1981], 2008), Main Currents of Marxism, Vol. 2: The Golden Age, W. W. Norton & Company, Ch III: "Rosa Luxemburg and the Revolutionary Left"
↑ ^a ^b Gedenken an Rosa Luxemburg und Karl Liebknecht – ein Traditionselement des deutschen Linksextremismus (PDF). BfV-Themenreihe. Cologne: Federal Office for the Protection of the Constitution. 2008. Archived frae the original (PDF) on 13 December 2017.

[1] Luxemburg biography at marxists.org

[2] Frederik Hetmann: Rosa Luxemburg. Ein Leben für die Freiheit, p. 308

[3] Leszek Kołakowski ([1981], 2008), Main Currents of Marxism, Vol. 2: The Golden Age, W. W. Norton & Company, Ch III: "Rosa Luxemburg and the Revolutionary Left"

[Verfassungsschutz-4] Gedenken an Rosa Luxemburg und Karl Liebknecht – ein Traditionselement des deutschen Linksextremismus (PDF). BfV-Themenreihe. Cologne: Federal Office for the Protection of the Constitution. 2008. Archived frae the original (PDF) on 13 December 2017.

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