Deborah Aleyne Lapeyre - How JATS Empowers Scholarly Communication
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The document discusses the Journal Article Tag Suite (JATS), a standard XML model designed to enhance the publishing, production, and management of journal articles. It outlines JATS's advantages, including improved speed and cost-effectiveness for publishers, better quality assurance processes, and extensive metadata support that aids scholarly communication. Additionally, it highlights JATS's adoption across various communities and its facilitation of interoperability in scholarly publishing.
Deborah Aleyne Lapeyre - How JATS Empowers Scholarly Communication
- 1. How JATS Empowers Scholarly Communication Advantages of JATS for journal article publishing, production, and management Deborah A Lapeyre Mulberry Technologies, Inc. 17 West Jefferson Street Rockville, MD 20851 USA [email protected] Version v1.0 (September 2018) Copyright @2018 Mulberry Technologies, Inc.
- 3. How JATS Empowers Scholarly Communication JATS: a standard model for journal articles* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Some advantages of using JATS are really advantages of using XML . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Why JATS? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Synergy in numbers: the world publishes journals in JATS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 JATS model fits journal production . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 For publishers: faster and less expensive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Also improved lifecycle and quality . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 More intelligent QA than . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Enables new QA techniques . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Also advantages for scholarly community . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 JATS supports extensive metadata that travels with the XML . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Metadata for mining and extraction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Detailed references . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 JATS enables interchange and communication! . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Page i How JATS Empowers Scholarly Communication
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- 5. slide 1 JATS: a standard model for journal articles* (Journal Article Tag Suite) JATS is a named collection of XML elements describing one journal article called a “model” of the article • Originally modeled STEM articles (Scientific, Technical, Engineering, Medical) • Now covers all journal types: (sociology, economics, soft sciences, etc.) • Models only journal articles, not books, issues of journals, magazines, etc. *ANSI/NISO Z39.96-2015 JATS: Journal Article Tag Suite (JATS V1.1) slide 2 Some advantages of using JATS are really advantages of using XML • Platform and vendor independence • Content computer-manipulable and human-readable • Full Unicode (internationalization) • Mark up data once and make multiple output products • Validate structure with a schema • Machine-readable context for better searching/data-mining page 1
- 6. slide 3 Why JATS? • Designed for modern journals (the 80/20 case) • Price is right: models, documentation, some tools are free: • US National Library of Medicine (NLM) • github (JATS4R et al.) • Documented: extensive Tag Libraries, examples, recommendations • Highly customizable • Semantic and declarative markup, not presentational/behavioral slide 4 Synergy in numbers: the world publishes journals in JATS (many languages and many multilingual documents) • SciELO schema is a JATS superset • Almost all middle-sized/small journal publishers use JATS • All of the huge publishers can (and do) make JATS for interchange • Archives accept (or require) JATS (US and UK PubMed Central, British National Library, US Library of Congress, Australian National Library, ITHAKA/JSTOR, many more) • Web-hosting and service vendors require or support JATS • JATS used world-wide (including: Australia, Belgium, Canada, Egypt, Finland, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, Nor- way, Russia, South Korea, Sweden, US, UK, many of the SciELO countries, and more) Whole communities can agree on data content page 2 How JATS Empowers Scholarly Communication
- 7. slide 5 JATS model fits journal production (structure of a JATS journal article) • Front Matter (<front>) • journal-level metadata • article-level metadata • Body Matter (<body>) • paragraphs • sections • figures and tables (XHTML, CALS) • equations (MathML) • Back Matter (<back>) • appendices • citations with detailed metadata slide 6 For publishers: faster and less expensive • Faster time to publication • Single format for accepting content (publishers create, convert on receipt, authors create) • Single source publishing: many output products from one file: (HTML5, PDF, other print, eBook, web apps, accessible files) • Interoperability • Reduced cost of article production Faster publication and lower cost make open access more sustainable! page 3 How JATS Empowers Scholarly Communication
- 8. slide 7 Also improved lifecycle and quality • Editors, reviewers, and production get the advantages of XML • Improved communication throughout lifecycle • Investment in tools, training, process pays benefits throughout lifecycle • Better control of repository or archive • Improved Quality Assurance slide 8 More intelligent QA than “Does it look right?” • Checking: • business rule compliance and irregularities • empty titles and paragraphs • internal cross-references • References checked with deposit authority • Order or numbering of references corrected slide 9 Enables new QA techniques • Schematron (the rules-based XML validation language) • False color proofs (turn semantic components bright colors and scan by eye) • Lists of anything imaginable, for human checking • Code values checked against authority files (journal abbreviated titles, keywords, surnames) page 4 How JATS Empowers Scholarly Communication
- 9. slide 10 Also advantages for scholarly community • Production advantages for publishers and archives • Manageable and searchable text of an article • Recording metadata essential for research communication slide 11 JATS supports extensive metadata that travels with the XML Article-level metadata for citation and credit • Article title (including alternative languages) • Article identifiers (DOI, etc.) • Copyright and permissions • Finding aids (abstracts, keywords, subjects) • Contributors with • alternative names (both Japanese characters and romanized) • multiple affiliations (with alternative names for multiple languages) • multiple roles (possibly linked to CRediT taxonomy) page 5 How JATS Empowers Scholarly Communication
- 10. slide 12 Metadata for mining and extraction • Machine-processable external identifiers • for authors (e.g., ORCID) • for institutions (e.g., Ringgold, ISNI) • Detailed funding description • both monetary and non-monetary funding • award and grant identifiers • funding sources and principals • Labeled Data Availability Statements • Terms and subjects linked to ontologies/taxonomies • Links to companion articles (different language versions), related books or web pages, errata slide 13 Detailed references To allow publication tracking • For journal articles named elements include journal title, article title, jour- nal issue, first and last page numbers, author surname, day-month-year of publication, and DOI • sufficient named elements to cite books, patents, conference papers, standards, and other works • Allows for data citations (including access times) slide 14 JATS enables interchange and communication! page 6 How JATS Empowers Scholarly Communication