S3 suffers major outage

“Funny how Amazon doesn't use S3 to store any assets for amazon.com”tweet by @gruber

Amazon's S3 suffered a major outage today knocking many websites offline. S3 outage started at approximately 12:00 PM EST and the last time I checked at 11:11PM EST, Smugmug, a popular photo hosting site that extensively uses S3, was still down.

- S3 down for more than 7 hours
- S3 outage, 7 hours and counting
- S3 down again
- Amazon failure downs Web 2.0 sites
- Amazon's S3 experiencing outage

Web Developer / Graphic Designer Job Openings

Currently, there are several great opportunities with exciting companies available in the New York area. If you're a rock star Java/PHP/Ruby developer or a pixel-obsessed designer, contact me at your earliest convenience.

Web Developer:

Give Real is a well-funded startup in the midst of an exciting period of growth and success. Our technology uses a patent pending platform that combines the ubiquity of credit card transactions and the power of social networks to create a new gifting experience.

Our primary platform is Rails, but there are programming challenges that range from SOAP APIs to Facebook application development. We are searching for full-time developers with expertise and broad experience in:

* Ruby on Rails (we also use rSpec, Starling, Memcache)
* MySQL
* xHTML & CSS, and comfort with Javascript
* Team development with tools like Git & Trac

In addition, we are also interested in candidates who have:

* Expert Javascript skills
* Java & SOAP experience
* Experience scaling with Rails, or any other web platform
* Comprehensive Linux knowledge
* UI and graphic design backgrounds

We are willing to pay top-notch developers very competitively (plus the possibility of options) to join our team and help write code that will be used by hundreds of thousands of users within a few months. We are ideally located in downtown Manhattan less than a minute walk from the BDFV and NRQW lines

Also, if you know someone who may be a good fit for us (developer or graphic designer), we are offering a $1000 referral reward for anyone we hire.

Please contact us at [email protected]

Graphic Design:

Give Real is a well-funded startup in the midst of an exciting period of growth and success. Our technology uses a patent pending platform that combines the ubiquity of credit card transactions and the power of social networks to create a new gifting experience.

We're searching for full-time designers with experience in:

* Design for advertisements
* Design for consumer focused websites & applications
* xHTML & CSS coding
* HTML & design for emails
* Working on top of an MVC or template system (we use Rails)

In addition, we are also interested in candidates who have:

* Team development with tools like Git & Trac
* Comfort with Javascript programming
* Rails programming experience

We are willing to pay top-notch developers very competitively (plus the possibility of options) to join our team and help design the look and feel of a service that will be used by hundreds of thousands of users with a few months.

Also, if you know someone who may be a good fit for us (RoR developer or graphic designer), we are offering a $1000 referral reward for anyone we hire.

Please contact us at [email protected]

Please Help Save Ivan (Needs a Bone Marrow Transplant)

Please help save Ivan, son of Andrii Nikitin (MySQL Support Engineer), who needs a bone marrow transplant. Andrii's message is below:

"My family got bad news - doctors said allogenic bone marrow transplantation is the only chance for my son Ivan.

"8 months of heavy and expensive immune suppression brought some positive results so we hoped that recovering is just question of time.

"Ivan is very brave boy - not every human meets so much suffering during whole life, like Ivan already met in his 2,5 years. But long road is still in front of us to get full recover - we are ready to come it through.

"Ukrainian clinics have no technical possibility to do such complex operation, so we need 150-250K EUR for Israel or European or US clinic. The final decision will be made considering amount we able to find. Perhaps my family is able to get ~60% of that by selling the flat where parents leave and some other goods, but we still require external help."

-- Andrii Nikitin, MySQL Engineer

Please remember, every little bit will help the family pay for Ivan's operation! Be as generous as you can.

For donation: Donation can be made through PayPal (via MySQL/Sun website)

Andrii and Ivan, our prayers are with you.

Memcached for MySQL: Advanced Use Cases (Recoding and Slides)

My second webinar (hey it's an officially recognized word now!) on memcached, Memcached for MySQL: Advanced Use Cases, is now available on-demand from MySQL website.

Also see:

• Slides for Memcached for MySQL: Advanced Use Cases
  

Memcached for MySQL Webinar: Advanced Use Cases

Today at 1PM EST I am presenting the second part of memcached for MySQL webinar. I was told that the registration numbers look as good as the previous one. This one will be a bit more technical than the previous webinar. Sorry for the late notice but hope you can join!

Chad Hurley at Startup2Startup Dinner

Tonight, I am attending Startup2Startup Dinner on Dave McClure's invitation (Thanks, Dave!). Chad Hurley, CEO and co-founder of YouTube will be speaking at this invitation only event. I will post more updates on my personal blog or you can follow me on Twitter.

Graphing Social Patterns - East

In just a few minutes, I will be leaving for Graphing Social Patterns East, a conference by Oreilly. Dave McClure of 500 Hats is the conference chair. I plan to meet old friends and make new ones. It should be a lot of fun. More about Graphing Social Patterns.

Goosh: Google Shell for Geeks

Ever wish you could have a browser based shell for Google? One that was clutter and advertising free? Say hello to Goosh, one of the coolest service to hit the web.



It even recognizes 'clear' :) For now, I am addicted to it.

Disaster is Inevitable - Must shutdown generators

Disaster is really inevitable. Even with all the redundant power investments, ThePlanet (formerly EV1 and RackShack), had to shut down their backup generators at their H1 data center on the instructions of the fire crew. This happened after a wire-short in fault transformer led to an explosion that knocked off one of their walls, ultimately bringing 9,000 servers down. Luckily no one was injured.

This just goes on to show that just because a data center has redundant power and backup generators, it does not mean that a disaster cannot happen. IIRC, ThePlanet's last disaster was blamed on backup generators not kicking off properly.

While there was no damage to servers, I wonder how many MyISAM repairs need to be triggered once the servers do come back online?

- The Planet Status Update

Michael Arrington Asks Twitter a Few Tough Questions

Michael Arrington of TechCrunch asks Twitter a few questions. I have only included a sample list below but you should read his blog post for all the questions:

• Is it true that you only have a single master MySQL server running replication to two slaves, and the architecture doesn’t auto-switch to a hot backup when the master goes down?
• Do you really have a grand total of three physical database machines that are POWERING ALL OF TWITTER?
• Is it true that the only way you can keep Twitter alive is to have somebody sit there and watch it constantly, and then manually switch databases over and re-build when one of the slaves fail?
  

A 'yes' answer to any of these questions by Twitter would be disturbing to say the least. However, it won't be surprising as companies expect databases to just somehow magically work without creating and supporting a proper architecture. High availability doesn't comes cheap and reputation for companies is everything.

I find it amusing that Twitter isn't even looking for a DBA. May be that's considered a job for the SA over there :)

Memcached Webinar - 560+ registrants

A big thank you to all those who attended the memcached webinar today on which I was a panelist. I was told that there were more than 560 registrants.

The feedback I received directly and indirectly shows that there is a lot of interest about memcached. In the future, I hope to work again with MySQL/Sun on more memcached related webinars.

If you attended the webinar and have some suggestions, comments or questions, please contact me at fmashraqi at yahoo dot com or post a comment on this blog.

Special thanks to Jimmy Guerrero, Monty Taylor, Rich Taylor, Edwin DeSouza and Alex Roedling for their hard work in arranging the webinar. Also thanks to Brian Aker, Matt Ingenthron and Trond Norbye for their assistance at various phases.

In case you missed the webinar:

• webinar recording: Designing and Implementing Scalable Applications with Memcached and MySQL ( you'll need Webex player to view the recording )
• memcached webinar slides

Memcached Webinar - 420 Registrants and Counting!

Regarding my earlier post on memcached webinar, I was informed today that more than 420 registrants have signed up. Space is limited and filling up fast so if you are interested in memcached and haven't registered yet, click on the following link to register now!

Designing and Implementing Scalable Applications with Memcached and MySQL (June 29)

Presenting a Webinar on Memcached Use Cases

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Quick link: register for Designing and Implementing Scalable Applications with Memcached and MySQL webinar (June 29)

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Ever since its introduction, memcached has been changing the way cost-efficient caching is perceived. Some passionately love it, others cynically hate it.

Today, many large scale web 2.0 properties (including my employer) save millions of dollars by depending on memcached to bring their application response time under control and to offload pressure from databases.

There are several success stories about using memcached to speed up database driven websites. Facebook, for instance, runs the largest memcached installation and the numbers only keep increasing. In May 2007, Facebook was reportedly running 200 dedicated servers with 3TB of memory in their memcached cluster. At the "Scaling MySQL Up or Out" Keynote, Facebook revealed they are now using 805 dedicated memcached servers. That's more than a 400% increase in less than a year!

Twitter, digg, Wikipedia, SourceForge, and even Slashdot depend on memcached to keep their users happy.

For my employer, memcached has been a crucial component of the infrastructure that has been instrumental in handling explosive growth in a cost-efficient manner. In addition, memcached has helped us offload billions of queries from our database.

To highlight several real-life use cases of memcached (see below), I will be presenting a memcached webinar on Thursday, June 29 at 1 PM EST (10 AM PST). Monty Taylor (Senior Consultant, Sun Microsystems) and Jimmy Guerrero (Sr Product Marketing Manager, Sun Microsystems - Database Group) will also be speaking at the event. Space is limited and filling up fast (200+ registrants already) so I highly recommend registering now.

In this webinar, I will be covering several use cases for memcached including (but not limited to):

• deterministic cache
• non-deterministic cache
• proactive cache
• "state" cache
• filesystem cache replacement

Hope to "see" you at the webinar.

Note: This memcached webinar is not to be confused with the memcached webinar being presented by Ivan Zoratti on June 28.

Interview by Sun TV at MySQL Conference

At the MySQL Conference and Expo, right after my participation in scaling up or scaling out keynote panel, I talked to Sun's Multimedia team about Sun and MySQL in our environment.

Recently, I found the interview on Sun's Multimedia page. The video of my discussion is embedded below:

Interesting Internet Usage and Social Networking Statistics

Over the weekend I took some notes from a presentation and did some research from various sources. The result was a blog post about Internet trends that I posted on my personal blog. There are some very interesting statistics about Internet usage and social networking. Also, Facebook fans will find some interesting facts as well.

Solaris 10 User Group Part X

Tomorrow I will be attending the Solaris 10 User Group Part X at the offices of Sun Microsystems, 101 Park Ave., New York, NY. This is an all day event and there is even a MySQL talk by Philip Antoniades. Other presenters include Ambreesh Khanna, Isaac Rozenfeld, Neal Weiss, Sunay Tripathi, Amjad Khan, Damien Farnham and Dave Teszler.

Unfortunately, the event registration is now closed, but if you're attending I look forward to meeting you.

Sun's exciting technologies

It's exciting to see how many technologies Sun is working on.

On May 1, I took a few members of our operations and database team to meet with Vasu Prakash who is an Engagement Architect with Global Systems Engineering division of Sun Microsystems. Vasu generously let us pick his brain regarding a wide range of exciting technologies Sun is working on and to see how they may potentially address our needs and challenges.

The following notes are my personal notes expanded with some articles from my bookmark collection.

Thumper
- Thumper (X4500) offers 48TB (SATA HDD) in a 4U at around $1.30/GB, runs Solaris OS and ZFS and supports RAID 0, 1, 0+1, 5, 6 enabled by RAID-Z and Raid Z2. X4500 supports 16GB RAM and needs 200-220 V AC for power. For non-Solaris users, other operating systems are supported as well.
- We initially evaluated Thumper as our backup storage solution but then ended up going with Sun Storage Tek. I am, however, interested in evaluating it further.
- Robert Milkowski wrote a post benchmarking Thumper and found that he was able to get more than 2GB/s aggregate write throughput using raid-5 volumes! He concludes with "Woooha! It can write more data to disks than most (all?) Intel servers can read or write to memory"
- Jason Hoffman also seems pretty pleased with Thumper
- Jonathan Schwartz's blog post announcing Thumper

ZFS
- ZFS, for those who need an introduction, is a 128-bit transactional file system offering self-healing capabilities and useful if you are running into limitations of 64-bit file systems. It is 18 billion billion times larger than 64-bit file systems.
- ZFS pooled storage can grow and shrink automaticaly.
- One of the questions I am most often asked by people is that if ZFS is really what it is then why hasn't it replaced UFS as default file system for Solaris. I would love to see a blog post by a Sun insider addressing this question.
- ZFS Best Practices Guide
- ZFS Learning Center

Solaris Containers
- For a really interesting project, I may need to create a couple hundred zones on a server (no this is not for a production system as we are a Redshift application). I was surprised to learn that more than 8000 zones (8191 non-global zones to be precise) can be created within a single operating system instance. Of course, if you do create a very high number of zones, don't benchmark boot time as it will take a very long time to boot up:)

SAM-FS
SAM-FS is short for Sun StorageTek Storage Archive Manager and it is a very exciting policy based file system by Sun. According to Sun website (it is marketing lingo but saves me the hassle):

"SAM software provides data classification, centralized meta-data management, policy based data placement, protection, migration, long-term retention, and recovery to help organizations effectively manage and utilize data according to business requirements. SAM enables users to reduce the cost of storing vast data repositories by providing a powerful, easily managed, cost-effective way to access, retain, and protect business data over its entire lifecycle. This self-protecting file system offers continuous backup and fast recovery features to help enhance productivity and improve resource utilization."

In a nutshell, if I understand correctly, SAM allows you to specify policies and then based on those policies it can move your data around from a fast-but-expensive storage to inexpensive-but-slower storage to give you the most bang for the buck. All data migration and transfer is transparent to the application. MLB is a major user of SAM. There is also an interesting case study on how MLB uses SAM.

QFS:
If NFS is your headache then QFS may provide a solution. QFS provides "nearly raw device access to information and data consolidation for read/write file sharing," according to Sun. My understanding is that using QFS requires a fibre channel to connect application servers to storage (if that's not true, can someone please correct me).

A maximum of 128 systems running QFS can share access to the same data without compromising file integrity. QFS volumes can scale up to 4PB. More QFS features are available on Sun site.

The main limitation to note: Mixed architecture (SPARC with x64) metadata servers are not supported for failover purposes. Neither are mixed architecture multi-reader configurations supported.

More Sun technologies I want to write about: Sun Cluster implementations in local (node to node), metro (run a fibre :) ) and global (global load balancer) modes. Sun cluster requires common storage that should be either direct attached or attached through a SAN switch. In addition, failure fencing, memory mirroring and vertical threading in M4000, Sun's Victoria falls processors (T5140 and T5240), PNFS and last but not least, Greenplum (claiming to be world's best database for BI and built upon PostgreSQL). Hopefully, I will talk about them in my future posts.

New Responsibilities

During my university days when I was working towards a dual degree in Accounting and CIS, I co-founded a small managed hosting company which I ran for four years along with two other co-founders. Then I started a consulting company and eventually moved into online publishing. Things changed and after nearly nine years of being self employed, I took over the very challenging responsibility of single handedly managing and scaling databases of a top 50 site (in 2006). It was definitely not an easy journey and I feel ecstatic to have helped my employer handle 6x growth and rise to being a top 13 site (using same Alexa algorithm).

While I enjoy working with MySQL, Solaris and technology a lot, I really missed being part of business side. Those of you who know me outside my database role, know how much I crave problem solving related to day to day business operations especially strategic decisions, financial, product architecture, monetization, marketing, advertising and SEO etc. For me databases and scalability are very important part of running a successful business in today's environment and I am so happy to have been a key player for my employer in that area.

In short, I wanted to be more involved in both business side and technology side. So I recently accepted a new role with my current employer as Director of Business Operations and Technical Strategy. In addition, I will still be leading and training our database team.

This new role will allow me to get involved with much more than just databases at my job, something I am really looking forward to. Big thanks to my management team for recognizing my skills and giving me a chance to help my company reach new levels.

Sun loses 23% market capital

Sun missed its earnings and sales estimates and as a result it lost approximately 23% of its market capital. Even more disturbing news is the announcement that Sun will be cutting 1500 to 2500 jobs. Eric Day raised his concerns as to whether this job cut will affect MySQL hiring to which Marten replied and pointed to several open positions within MySQL.

Sun has an array of very interesting and useful technologies under its hood. The amount of care Sun takes for its customers is truly impressive and I hope MySQL will follow in Sun's foot steps. Yesterday, I met with a Sun engagement architect and the amount of interest he showed in the technical challenges my team faces was unmatched. I am already working on a blog post to highlight some of the technologies my team discussed with Sun's representative.

With Sun's stock now down, I think it is an excellent time to buy some JAVA stocks which closed at 12.64. I may actually put a small order myself.

Yahoo! Mail Bug? Emails disappearing upon reaching 65,535 emails in one of the folders

I am very confused.

I subscribe to several email lists including MySQL and Ruby on Rails lists. Generally, I keep my mailbox clean except for a folder in which I was archiving messages Ruby on Rails.

A few days ago I noticed that my Ruby on Rails folder reached 65535 messages. Today, I was looking to reply to an email from Keith Murphy (to which I had previously replied as well) and was surprised to find that the particular message didn't show up in my search. This particular message was sent on April 30 so I started scanning all my emails received on that day.

Surprisingly, I didn't find it even after a careful visual scan. Not only that, I noticed several of emails I received in the last 2 weeks missing. My initial reply to Keith was still sitting in my Sent mail folder. My trash folder also had several emails that I had deleted but not the ones that were missing.

For the life of me I cannot figure out where these emails went. Then suddenly I noticed that the Ruby on Rails folder still has 65535. Which is very weird as this is an active list.

I decided to send an email with criteria that would make it land in Ruby on Rails folder. After 6 hours, the email is still isn't in my inbox.

With 65,535 being a magical number representing a limitation of 65,536 objects, I believe this is a limit of a Yahoo! folder. Not only that, it seems that once you hit that limit, all sort of weird things start happening. Like, in my case, random missing emails.

This is pretty upsetting as I am not sure how many of my emails are missing. As soon as I deleted a few emails to bring the count down to 65,535, new emails from Ruby on Rails list started arriving (although not the one I had sent myself earlier today).

Now, unfortunately, I feel paranoid, not knowing how many important emails I have lost.

So, I have decided to open a new email account fmashraqi at yahoo and will be updating my contacts to start sending me email on that address.

My reason for posting it on this blog is to ask the community members if they have noticed anything like this? I know 65,535 emails is an insane number of emails but at one point I was interested in archiving the list. With Yahoo! offering unlimited storage, I wonder why isn't this limit documented?