SQLAlchemy中Model的抽象继承

需求描述

在使用SQLAlchemy进行类定义的时候通常是直接继承自Model, 例如下面代码:

from flask_sqlalchemy import SQLAlchemy

db = SQLAlchemy()

class RoleModel(db.Model):
    __tablename__ = 'sys_role'
    id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True, autoincrement=True)
    rolename = db.Column(db.Text)
    permission = db.Column(db.Text)

	def to_dict(self):
	    return {c.name: getattr(self, c.name) for c in self.__table__.columns}

class UserModel(db.Model):
    __tablename__ = 'sys_user'
    id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True, autoincrement=True)
    username = db.Column(db.Text)
    password = db.Column(db.Text)
    role = db.Column(db.Integer)
    enable = db.Column(db.Boolean)

	def to_dict(self):
	    return {c.name: getattr(self, c.name) for c in self.__table__.columns}

RoleModel和UserModel有相同的id列定义和to_dict()方法, 现在想要在Model类的基础上继承一个包含了公用id列和to_dict()方法的BaseModel类, 再让其他类继承自这个BaseModel从而减少重复编码的工作.

实现方法

在定义BaseModel的时候只需要加上__abstract__ = True这一句就可以让其他类继承它了, 修改后的代码, 清爽许多!

from flask_sqlalchemy import SQLAlchemy

db = SQLAlchemy()

# 自定义的基础类, 包含公用id列定义和to_dict()方法
class BaseModel(db.Model):
    __abstract__ = True

    id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True, autoincrement=True)

    def to_dict(self):
        return {c.name: getattr(self, c.name) for c in self.__table__.columns}
	
	
class RoleModel(BaseModel):
    __tablename__ = 'sys_role'
    rolename = db.Column(db.Text)
    permission = db.Column(db.Text)


class UserModel(BaseModel):
    __tablename__ = 'sys_user'	   
    username = db.Column(db.Text)
    password = db.Column(db.Text)
    role = db.Column(db.Integer)
    enable = db.Column(db.Boolean)