Django中的as_view的理解

Django 有函数视图和类视图，分别是这样用的：

# 函数视图
path(..., function_view, ...)
# 类视图
path(..., ClassView.as_view(), ...)

通过源码 as_view() 来看看它是如何把类转化成函数的。

class View:
    ...

    @classonlymethod
    def as_view(cls, **initkwargs):
        """Main entry point for a request-response process."""
        for key in initkwargs:
            if key in cls.http_method_names:
                raise TypeError("You tried to pass in the %s method name as a "
                                "keyword argument to %s(). Don't do that."
                                % (key, cls.__name__))
            if not hasattr(cls, key):
                raise TypeError("%s() received an invalid keyword %r. as_view "
                                "only accepts arguments that are already "
                                "attributes of the class." % (cls.__name__, key))

        def view(request, *args, **kwargs):
            self = cls(**initkwargs)
            if hasattr(self, 'get') and not hasattr(self, 'head'):
                self.head = self.get
            self.setup(request, *args, **kwargs)
            if not hasattr(self, 'request'):
                raise AttributeError(
                    "%s instance has no 'request' attribute. Did you override "
                    "setup() and forget to call super()?" % cls.__name__
                )
            return self.dispatch(request, *args, **kwargs)
        view.view_class = cls
        view.view_initkwargs = initkwargs

        # take name and docstring from class
        update_wrapper(view, cls, updated=())

        # and possible attributes set by decorators
        # like csrf_exempt from dispatch
        update_wrapper(view, cls.dispatch, assigned=())
        return view

• as_view() 是个类方法，它的第一个参数 cls 表示类本身，跟实例方法的 self 差不多，都是自动传入的。
• 进入 as_view() 后首先对传入的参数做简单的校验，避免传入的参数将类自己的关键函数名覆盖掉，或者传入类中没定义的属性。开头这个for 循环就是干这个用的。
• 接着 as_view() 内部又定义了一个 view() 函数，它接收的参数和普通的函数视图是相同的