Papers by symphorien agbahoungba
Valeur des bois-énergie, bois d’œuvre et de service dans les zones de mangroves des sites Ramsar 1017 et 1018 au Bénin
VertigO, Jan 17, 2024
Application of multi‐locus GWAS for the detection of bruchid resistance loci in cowpea ( <scp> <i>Vigna unguiculata</i> </scp> )
Plant Breeding, Apr 3, 2022
Identification of genes associated with bruchid resistance variations in cowpea accessions would ... more Identification of genes associated with bruchid resistance variations in cowpea accessions would help breeders to generate new cowpea cultivars with improved resistance and quality. In this work, 107 cowpea collections from various areas in six countries were phenotyped for their responses to Callosobruchus maculatus and genotyped with Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) markers. Six multi‐locus models Genome Wide Association Study (mrMLM, FASTmrMLM, pKWmEB, pLARmEB, FASTmrEMMA and ISISEM‐BLASSO) were used to associate the genotype data to phenotypic cowpea resistance traits: Percentage of Bruchid Emergence (PBE); Percentage of Weight Loss (PWL); Median Development Period (MDP); Dobie Susceptibility Index (DSI); Number of Egg Laid (NEL) and Mean Number of Hole (MNH). Out of 14 QTNs, three were associated with more than one trait and were associated with 11 candidate genes located within 10–30 kb of the QTNs. These candidate genes exhibit functionalities associated with cowpea resistance mechanisms. All these results could contribute to the gene networks in resistant cowpea varieties. The result of this study could also increase our knowledge of genetic resistance of cowpea to bruchids and could be useful for molecular breeding.
Genetic diversity and population structure in a regional collection of Kersting’s groundnut (Macrotyloma geocarpum (Harms) Maréchal & Baudet)
Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution, Apr 15, 2021
Kersting’s groundnut (Macrotyloma geocarpum (Harms) Marechal & Baudet) is an important source... more Kersting’s groundnut (Macrotyloma geocarpum (Harms) Marechal & Baudet) is an important source of protein and essential nutrients that contribute to food security in West Africa. However, the crop is still underexploited by the populations and under-researched by the scientific community. This study aimed to investigate the genetic diversity and population structure of 217 Kersting’s groundnut accessions from five origins using 886 DArTseq markers. Gene diversity was low and ranged from 0.049 to 0.064. The number of private alleles greatly varied among populations (42–192) and morphotypes (40–339). Moderate to very high levels of selfing and inbreeding were observed among populations (s = 56–85%, FIS = 0.389–0.736) and morphotypes (s = 57–82%, FIS = 0.400–0.691). Moreover, little to very high genetic differentiations were observed among populations (0.006 ≤ FIS ≤ 0.371) and morphotypes (0.029 ≤ FIS ≤ 0.307). Analysis of molecular variance partitioned 38.5% of the genetic variation among and 48.7% within populations (P < 0.001). Significant isolation by distance was detected between populations (R2 = 0.612, P = 0.011) and accessions (R2 = 0.499, P < 0.001). Discriminant analysis of principal components and neighbour joining consistently distinguished eight distinct clusters. These data provide a global picture of the existing genetic diversity for Kersting’s groundnut and will guide the choice of breeding strategies to increase production.
Additive Main Effects and Multiplicative Interactions Analysis of Yield Performances in Cowpea Genotypes Under Ugandan Environments
International journal of advanced research, Jun 30, 2017
Agbahoungba Symphorien 1,2 , Karungi Jeninah 1 , Talwana Herbert 1 , Badji Arfang 1 , Kumi Frank ... more Agbahoungba Symphorien 1,2 , Karungi Jeninah 1 , Talwana Herbert 1 , Badji Arfang 1 , Kumi Frank 1 , Mwila Natasha 1 , Edema Richard 1 , Gibson Paul 1 and Rubaihayo Patrick 1 . 1. Department of Agricultural Production, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Makerere University, P.O. Box 7062, Kampala, Uganda. 2. Laboratory of Applied Ecology, Faculty of Agronomic Sciences, University of Abomey-Calavi, 01 PO Box 526, Cotonou, Benin. ...................................................................................................................... Manuscript Info Abstract ......................... ........................................................................ Manuscript History
Genomic selection (GS) can accelerate variety improvement when training set (TS) size and its rel... more Genomic selection (GS) can accelerate variety improvement when training set (TS) size and its relationship with the breeding set (BS) are optimized for prediction accuracies (PAs) of genomic prediction (GP) models. Sixteen GP algorithms were run on phenotypic best linear unbiased predictors (BLUPs) and estimators (BLUEs) of resistance to both fall armyworm (FAW) and maize weevil (MW) in a tropical maize panel. For MW resistance, 37% of the panel was the TS, and the BS was the remainder, whilst for FAW, random-based training sets (RBTS) and pedigree-based training sets (PBTSs) were designed. PAs achieved with BLUPs varied from 0.66 to 0.82 for MW-resistance traits, and for FAW resistance, 0.694 to 0.714 for RBTS of 37%, and 0.843 to 0.844 for RBTS of 85%, and these were at least twofold those from BLUEs. For PBTS, FAW resistance PAs were generally higher than those for RBTS, except for one dataset. GP models generally showed similar PAs across individual traits whilst the TS designation was determinant, since a positive correlation (R = 0.92***) between TS size and PAs was observed for RBTS, and for the PBTS, it was negative (R = 0.44**). This study pioneered the use of GS for maize resistance to insect pests in sub-Saharan Africa.
Kersting's groundnut is an important source of protein and essential nutrients that contribute to... more Kersting's groundnut is an important source of protein and essential nutrients that contribute to food security in West Africa. However, the crop is still underexploited by the populations and under-researched by the scientific community. This study aimed to investigate the genetic diversity and population structure of 217 Kersting's groundnut accessions from five origins using 886 DArTseq markers. Gene diversity was low and ranged from 0.049 to 0.064. The number of private alleles greatly varied among populations (42-192) and morphotypes (40-339). Moderate to very high levels of selfing and inbreeding were observed among populations (s=56-85%, FIS=0.389-0.736) and morphotypes (s=57-82%, FIS=0.400-0.691). Moreover, little to very high genetic differentiations were observed among populations (0.006≤FIS≤0.371) and morphotypes (0.029≤FIS≤0.307). Analysis of molecular variance partitioned 38.5% of the genetic variation among and 48.7% within populations (P<0.001). Significant isolations by distance were detected between populations (R 2 =0.612, P=0.011) and accessions (R 2 =0.499, P<0.001). Discriminant analysis of principal components and neighbour joining consistently distinguished eight distinct clusters. These data provide a global picture of the existing genetic diversity for Kersting's groundnut and will guide the choice of breeding strategies to increase production.
International Journal of Advanced Research, 2018
Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) ranks as the third most important staple cereal food crop in Uganda aft... more Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) ranks as the third most important staple cereal food crop in Uganda after maize and millet. The crop is hampered by several biotic stresses of which Sorghum Downy Mildew disease is one of the most devastating diseases. The disease is caused by a soil-borne fungus Peronosclerospora sorghi but it is also airborne through conidia. Incidence and severity of downy mildew were conducted between March-June, 2016 and September-December 2016 growing seasons in 13 sorghum-growing districts across ten agroecological zones. Data collected were subjected to analyses of variance, correlation and linear regression. Significant (P < 0.001) differences were recorded for disease incidence and severity across the different agro-ecologies. The mean downy mildew disease incidence varied significantly (P< 0.001) from 49.4 % for Pader to 78.9 % for Namutumba. Disease severity varied significantly (P <0.001) from 2.3 for Pader to 3.5 for Pallisa. Chi-square test for independent association between cropping season and downy mildew disease incidence showed a high significant test statistic values (χ2 = 140.89, d.f = 3, and P < 0.001). A significant (P<0.001) positive correlation was observed between disease incidence and severity (r = 0.498) while a significant negative correlation was observed between disease incidence and rainfall (r =-0.675) due largely to temperature and relative humidity. Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that temperature, relative humidity, rainfall and altitude explained 49 % of the total variation associated to disease incidence. Variations in the incidence and severity of downy mildew disease prompt the need to screen for resistant/tolerant sorghum varieties.
African Crop Science Journal, 2017
Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) an important food security crop, is inflicted by whitefly (Bem... more Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) an important food security crop, is inflicted by whitefly (Bemisia tabaci) worldwide, causing direct damage of up to 80% of yield loss. Although resistance to the pest has been associated with antibiosis, changes that occur in metabolite activity, and their effect on the pest have not been fully elucidated. A study was carried out to evaluate changes in peroxidase, tannin and flavonoid activity in cassava genotypes attacked by B. tabaci in order to contribute to knowledge on whitefly resistance in cassava. Five genotypes showing resistance, and three susceptible, were selected based on whitefly count and leaf damage scores, and assayed for peroxidase, tannin and flavonoid activity. There were significant differences among genotypes for leaf damage (P < 0.01) of three to six months plants. Genotypes CS1-144, UG 120133 and NAM 130 showed low damage scores (< 2.00); but a high damage score (> 2.5) was incurred by UG 130068. All genotypes showed significant (P < 0.05) differences for peroxidase activity, with CS1-144 having a high activity rate three months after planting. The lowest activity was observed in UG 120170, a susceptible genotype. A significant (P < 0.01) negative correlation (r =-0.84) was observed between peroxidase activity and cassava leaf damage scores, as well as between tannin and damage (r =-0.57), indicating that peroxidase and tannin play a part in cassava resistance to B. tabaci.
Effects of unpaid caring activities and social norms on women's employment in mangrove areas of Ramsar site 1017 in Benin (West Africa)
Social sciences & humanities open, 2023
Journal of Agricultural Science, Jul 10, 2018
Cassava resistance to Bemisia tabaci is a result of many plant processes which involve plant bioc... more Cassava resistance to Bemisia tabaci is a result of many plant processes which involve plant biochemical constituents, shown to be affected by genotype and environment. The objective of this study was to assess the effect of genotype × environment interactions on concentrations of tannin, flavonoid, total phenolic content, antioxidative capacity and B. tabaci resistance. Fifteen cassava genotypes were evaluated monthly for tannin, flavonoid, total phenolic content and antioxidative capacity in three locations over two seasons with varying temperatures and rainfall. In addition, data were collected on B. tabaci population density and damage. The data collected was subjected to analysis of variance and additive main effects and multiplicative interactions (AMMI) analyses. Flavonoid, total phenolic content and antioxidative capacity varied significantly (P < 0.001) across seasons with higher concentrations in season one than season two, attributed to different temperature and rainfall readings. Total phenolic content was significantly (P < 0.001) associated to antioxidative capacity (r = 0.83) and temperature (r = 0.91). Leaf damage due to adult whitefly and nymphs was significantly (P < 0.001) negatively correlated (r =-0.67) to antioxidative capacity. Genotypes UG 120257, UG 120291 and UG 120124 were shown to have high antioxidative capacity and more stable performance across environments. Temperature and B. tabaci feeding influenced concentrations of the phenolic content and antioxidative activity, as a result affected cassava resistance.
African Crop Science Journal, May 25, 2022
Swift delivery of quality seeds to farming communities is a fundamental step in mainstreaming the... more Swift delivery of quality seeds to farming communities is a fundamental step in mainstreaming the value chain of orphan crops. The objective of this study was to characterise seed production and delivery systems of the orphan Kersting's groundnut (KG) [Macrotyloma geocarpum (Harms) Maréchal & Baudet] and their influence on seed quality in Benin. A survey was conducted among 305 farmers from the major KG growing areas in Benin. A total of 60 seed samples were collected from different sources (farmer own seed, local markets and agro-dealers) for quality tests. The results showed that seed sources, acquisition modes and perceived quality differed significantly (P<0.01) among gender groups and with farming experience. Majority of farmers (74.93%) perceived seeds acquired from the local markets and seed stored in non-hermetic conditions as of poor quality compared to seeds sourced from their own stock and stored in hermetic conditions. Yet, the seed quality analysis revealed no differences (P<0.05) among the sources and storage methods. Less than 20% of the tested samples met the national quality standards suggesting an important quality constraint in the current system which may justify the reported low yield and crop failure.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences
The development and promotion of biofortified foods plants are a sustainable strategy for supplyi... more The development and promotion of biofortified foods plants are a sustainable strategy for supplying essential micronutrients for human health and nutrition. We set out to identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) associated with carotenoid content in cowpea sprouts. The contents of carotenoids, including lutein, zeaxanthin, and β-carotene in sprouts of 125 accessions were quantified via high-performance liquid chromatography. Significant variation existed in the profiles of the different carotenoids. Lutein was the most abundant (58 ± 12.8 mg/100 g), followed by zeaxanthin (14.7 ± 3.1 mg/100 g) and β-carotene (13.2 ± 2.9 mg/100 g). A strong positive correlation was observed among the carotenoid compounds (r ≥ 0.87), indicating they can be improved concurrently. The accessions were distributed into three groups, following their carotenoid profiles, with accession C044 having the highest sprout carotenoid content in a single cluster. A total of 3120 genome-wide SNPs were tested for assoc...
Multi Environmental Evaluation of Vegetable Soybean for Adaptation and Stability in Benin
SSRN Electronic Journal, 2021
Edamame, vegetable soybean (Glycine max L. Merr.), is a nutrition crop that is gaining interest i... more Edamame, vegetable soybean (Glycine max L. Merr.), is a nutrition crop that is gaining interest in Africa. Its nutritional attributes make it a crop of choice to formulate diets with numerous human health benefits. Prior to its introduction in Benin, this study evaluated selected edamame varieties for agronomic performances and assessed stability for fresh pod yield across major vegetable growing sites. Thirty-five edamame varieties were planted at three locations for two seasons. Experiments were laid in Alpha lattice design with three replicates. Agronomic and yield data were collected and AMMI and GGE analyses were performed to assess genotype by environment effects and yield stability among varieties. The study showed significant variation among genotypes for most quantitative traits and highly significant environmental and genotype by environment effects were observed on fresh pod yield (p < 0.001). Genotype Maksoy 3N (15.9 t/ha) had the highest fresh pod yield and genotype AGS466 was the most stable across environments. Based on GGE, S1079-6-7 was the ideal genotype for fresh pod yield, followed by AGS466 and ASHOROWASE. Seme-2 proved the ideal environment for growing edamame in Benin. The study confirmed that vegetable soybean is well adapted to be grown in Benin and can recommend edamame varieties AGS466, AGS346 and ASHOROWASE for wide cultivation across vegetable growing sites in Benin. Also the study found the grain type soybean varieties S1079-6-7 and Maksoy 3N well suited to produce edamame and recommend that these varieties and other grain soybean varieties be tested further both for agronomic and sensory suitability.
Source of Resistance Among Cowpea Accessions to Bruchid Callosobruchus Maculatus F Coleoptera Chrysomelidae in Benin
African Crop Science Society, 2020
Diversity, population structure, and linkage disequilibrium among cowpea accessions
The Plant Genome, 2021
Cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp] is a globally important food security crop. However, it is s... more Cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp] is a globally important food security crop. However, it is susceptible to pest and disease; hence, constant breeding efforts based on its diversity are required for its improvement. The present study aims to investigate the genetic diversity, population structure, and linkage disequilibrium (LD) among 274 cowpea accessions from different origins. A total of 3,127 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers generated using diversity array technology (DArT) was used. Population structure, neighbor‐joining clustering, and principal component analyses indicated three subpopulations within the germplasm. Results of STRUCTURE analysis and discriminant analysis of principal components (DAPC) were complementary in assessing the structuration of the diversity among the germplasm, with the grouping of the accessions improved in DAPC. Genetic distances of 0.005–0.44 were observed among accessions. Accessions from western and central Africa, eastern and central Africa, and Asia were predominant and distributed across all subpopulations. The subpopulations had fixation indexes of 0.48–0.56. Analysis of molecular variance revealed that within subpopulation variation accounted for 81% of observed genetic variation in the germplasm. The subpopulations mainly consisted of inbred lines (inbreeding coefficient = 1) with common alleles, although they were from different geographical regions. This reflects considerable seed movement and germplasm exchange between regions. The LD was characterized by low decay for great physical distances between markers. The LD decay distance varied among chromosomes with the average distance of 80–100 kb across the genome. Thus, crop improvement is possible, and the LD will facilitate genome‐wide association studies on quality attributes and critical agronomic traits in cowpea.
![Research paper thumbnail of Biochemical Constituents Influencing the Resistance to Flower Bud Thrips in Cowpea [ Vigna Unguiculata ( L . ) Walp ] Germplasm](https://attachments.academia-assets.com/89818580/thumbnails/1.jpg)
The flower bud thrips, Megalurothrips sjostedti, is a major pest of cowpea that can cause yield l... more The flower bud thrips, Megalurothrips sjostedti, is a major pest of cowpea that can cause yield losses of up to 100%. The use of cowpea cultivars resistant to thrips is among the most promising control measures. Six cultivars were evaluated in 2016 in Uganda for resistance to thrips under field conditions and analyzed for total carbon, total reducing sugar, total protein, soluble amino acid, total phenol, flavonoids, antioxidant activity and tannin contents. Data were subjected to analysis of variance, correlation and multiple linear regression analyses. The results showed that the genotypes responded differently to thrips damage and thrips counts in flowers and they presented different concentrations in total reducing sugar, total carbon, soluble amino acid, antioxidant activity, flavonoids and tannin in the plants parts. Cultivar TVU-1509 suffered the least thrips damage (1.03) while WC36 was severely damaged by thrips (6.55). A significant negative correlation was observed betwee...
Journal of Plant breeding and Crop Science, 2017
Fusarium related root rots have been associated with reduced cowpea productivity in Uganda. Sourc... more Fusarium related root rots have been associated with reduced cowpea productivity in Uganda. Sources of genetic resistance to Fusarium redolens which was found to be the most virulent have been identified but the mode of inheritance of the genes conferring the resistance is unknown. This study aims to investigate how the genes for resistance to F. redolens are inherited in cowpea. Four F. redolens root rot resistant cowpea genotypes were crossed with four intermediately resistant and 2 susceptible cowpea genotypes using North Carolina mating design II. The F1 and the parents were evaluated and data were collected on resistance to seed rot, leaf chlorophyll amount, produced lateral roots, response to plant mortality and root rot severity. Results revealed that additive gene effects were significant for all evaluated traits and non-additive genetic effects were significant in resistance to seed rot and chlorophyll amount. General combining ability (GCA) effects showed that the Asontem ...
Genetic study of cowpea resistance to flower bud thrips (Megalurothrips sjostedti Trybom)
Flower bud thrips ( Megalurothrips sjostedti Trybom) population diversity and sources of resistance among Benin cowpea germplasm
Annals of Applied Biology, 2021
Background: Genetic diversity in a germplasm is crucial for continuous improvement of crop variet... more Background: Genetic diversity in a germplasm is crucial for continuous improvement of crop varieties. A panel of 274 cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.) accessions of unknown genetic diversity was assembled from diverse sources. This study used 3127 SNP markers, generated with the diversity array technology (DArT), to assess genetic diversity, population structure and linkage disequilibrium (LD) in the assembled germplasm.Results: The structure analysis inferred three subpopulations within the germplasm, which was confirmed by Neighbour-Joining (NJ) clustering and principal component analysis (PCA). Low genetic distances (0.005 to 0.44) were observed between accessions. Accessions from Africa; West and Central Africa (113 accessions), East and Central Africa (93 accessions), and Asia (53 accessions) were predominant in the germplasm; and distributed across all subpopulations. High fixation indexes (0.48 ≤ FST≤0.56) were obtained for the inferred subpopulations. AMOVA revealed a very large...
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Papers by symphorien agbahoungba