Gallya Lahav

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Philip N Pettit

Princeton University

Charis Psaltis

University of Cyprus

Brian Leiter

University of Chicago

Jennifer Sheehy Skeffington

London School of Economics and Political Science

Nour Kteily

Northwestern University

David Seamon

Kansas State University

Remo Caponi

University of Cologne

Martin O'Neill

University of York

Nando Sigona

University of Birmingham

Jørgen Carling

Peace Research Institute Oslo (PRIO)

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Papers by Gallya Lahav

The Differential Character of Material and Cultural Perceived Threat of Immigration

“The Role of Non-State Actors in the Movement of People: Promoting Travel and Controlling Migration in the European Union”

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Immigration Norms in a New Security World: The Effects of Framing Threat on Immigrant Incorporation

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Conclusions: the construction of a European immigration regime?

Reinventing Borders, 2004

Closing Act: The fate of a congressman from Youngstown [Ohio] depends on decisions taken in Bruss... more Closing Act: The fate of a congressman from Youngstown [Ohio] depends on decisions taken in Brussels or Tokyo. The tradeoff for price stability in Hamburg may be unemployment in Harlem. In such predicaments, governments and politicians must choose some mix of two broad strategies: one nationalist, one internationalist. They may try to regain control over their own destiny by reerecting barriers. Or they may seek instead to cooperate in an effort to manage politically. Robert Putnam and Nicholas Bayne, in Hanging Together (1987: 3) If the preceding analysis on immigration norms has proved anything, it is that efforts to create a common regime in Europe may take several forms. Nationalist and internationalist impulses within the European Union may be more compatible than traditional assumptions about cooperation have suggested. Too often, the policy discourse on globalization or European integration ignores the restrictive nature of cooperation that allows nations to remain protectionist – especially with regard to issues that are emblematic of their national sovereignty and identity. Perceptive immigration scholars have noted the trend toward restrictivism since the 1990s, yet the momentum toward Europeanization belies this phenomenon, and therefore the general point bears repeating. Increasingly, progress in European integration is accompanied by a reinvention of borders that can be understood only by examining the norms and attitudes that underpin immigration policy.

Critical Mobilities, ed.

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Population Movements: An Emerging Concern of American Foreign Policymakers

Immigration Norms in a New Security World: The Effects of Framing Threat on Immigrant Incorporation

Abstract will be provided by author.

Foreign Workers in Israel: Global Perspectives: Book Review

International Migration Review, 2010

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THE IMMIGRATION-SECURITY NEXUS: A VIEW FROM THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT

Utilizing data from our surveys of Members of the European Parliament (MEPs) in 1992-93 and 2003-... more Utilizing data from our surveys of Members of the European Parliament (MEPs) in 1992-93 and 2003-04, this paper offers an attitudinal portrait of the degree to which European elites have successfully navigated the contradictions posed by the increasing securitization of immigration after September 11th. We specifically asked to what degree MEPs: view immigration as a salient and multi-dimensional security threat; support greater rights for immigrants; and prefer an EU over a national policy making venue to regulate immigration policy. Our analysis of the data yielded mixed results. On the one hand, a majority of contemporary MEPs concluded that immigration was "very important," favored increasing economic immigration, and rejected the suggestion that immigration poses a cultural threat. On the other hand, and contrary to our expectations, MEP support for the extension of immigrant rights declined from 1993 to 2004 and, most surprising, MEPs were less inclined in 2004 than in 1993 to look to Europe in order to resolve immigration-related dilemmas. Although a robust majority agreed that a European immigration policy is more urgent after September 11th, it is fair to conclude on the basis of the aggregate data that MEPs in 2004, as in 1993, were not especially inclined to view immigration through the prism of national or European security.

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MIGRATION AND SECURITY: THE ROLE OF NON-STATE ACTORS AND CIVIL LIBERTIES IN LIBERAL DEMOCRACIES

In an era of growing security concerns and heightened State efforts to curtail immigration to the... more In an era of growing security concerns and heightened State efforts to curtail immigration to the developed world, Western democracies are increasingly caught between their liberal ethos and their ability to effectively and securely control their borders. An examination of policy implementation in the United States and Europe reveals that liberal States have responded to these cross-pressures by: a) reinventing their modes of immigration regulation; and b) adopting strategies which are converging. States have shifted the level of policy-making to non-State actors, who have the economic and/or political resources to facilitate or curtail travel, migration and return. These include a complex web of actors incorporated by the State, and the transfer of State functions to non-centralized jurisdictions. Liberal States have been able to extend their realm of action, and overcome certain constraints by changing the gatekeepers at external and internal sites, to include: private (i.e., airlines, travel companies, employers), local (i.e., civic actors, such as churches, elected officials, trade unions), and international/supranational agents (i.e., the EU, Mexico, ICAO). Together they reflect an enlarged 'migration playing field' in an increasingly global world. State agencies have thus been able to solve the control dilemma in ways that can at once appease public anxieties over migration and security, short-circuit judicial and normative constraints and still promote trade and tourist flows.

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Actors and venues in immigration control: Closing the gap between political demands and policy outcomes

West European Politics, 2006

This account reviews the state of the literature on migration since the West European Politics sp... more This account reviews the state of the literature on migration since the West European Politics special issue on migration was published in 1994. Particular attention is dedicated to the theme of immigration control and the critical question of policy gaps between immigration policy goals and outcomes. Regarding policy gaps, we identify three dimensions of this thesis that are addressed in some form by the contributors to the volume. These include: the disjuncture between public opinion and policy elites at the decision-making and implementation stages; the relationship between principals (states) and agents; and the dynamic between international and domestic arenas of policy-making. Offering a comparative analytical framework to empirically map the variations that exist across countries and policy stages and levels, this essay disaggregates the various components and actors involved in migration policy-making. It suggests that in order to test the gap thesis, a more nuanced empirical analysis of an expanded migration policy field composed of multiple actors and venues is warranted.

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Public Opinion Toward Immigration in the European UnionDoes It Matter?

Comparative Political Studies, 2004

... by eval-uating the nature of mass attitudes and its impact on policy harmonization in the ...... more

Immigration and Politics in the New Europe

... psychological constraints, 6. Conclusions: the construction of a European immigration regime?... more

Immigrant Integration Norms and Antecedents of Muslim Attitudes in Europe

PsycEXTRA Dataset, 2000

The Limits of a European Immigration Policy: Elite Opinion and Agendas within the European Parliament

Jcms: Journal of Common Market Studies, 2005

Utilizing data from our surveys of Members of the European Parliament (MEPs) in 1992–93 and 2003–... more Utilizing data from our surveys of Members of the European Parliament (MEPs) in 1992–93 and 2003–04, this article samples MEP opinion on immigration-related questions. Its central purpose is to discover if the positions of MEPs on immigration issues have evolved substantially over time and, if so, whether the direction of change supports the supposition that national and partisan orientations are gradually yielding to a consensual and European orientation on immigration-related issues. Our comparative and longitudinal analysis partially confirms that MEP opinion is becoming more consensual. Yet, despite the robust interest of MEPs in forging a common immigration policy, their support for communitarization continues to lag. Specifically, we find that, even as immigration-related issues have become more salient, a preference for having national governments regulate immigration policy has increased, particularly among MEPs from the traditional immigration-receiving countries.

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Immigration and the state: The devolution and privatisation of immigration control in the EU

Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 1998

... state initiatives, reinforced by international agreements, have generated substantial visahar... more

Ideological and Party Constraints on Immigration Attitudes in Europe

Jcms: Journal of Common Market Studies, 1997

Immigration has become one of the most dynamic and challenging issues facing policy-makers in a E... more Immigration has become one of the most dynamic and challenging issues facing policy-makers in a Europe of changing boundaries. While the divisions in the immigration debate have been elusive, there have been contending views about the viability of traditional political alignments. This article assesses the relevance of ideological orientations and party affiliations in structuring elite attitudes towards the immigration issue. Using survey questionnaires (n=168) and in-depth interviews with 54 members of the European Parliament, the study identifies traditional party and national affinities and evolving transnational allegiances. The findings suggest that although nation-specific factors, European institution-building and the promotion of a common European identity affect traditional sources of attitude polarizations, the left–right construct has been reinvented in the emergent Europe. Ideological and party constraints on immigration remain significant in Europe after the Union.

The Ideological Effects of Framing Threat on Immigration and Civil Liberties

Political Behavior, 2000

Assuming that migration threat is multi-dimensional, this article seeks to investigate how variou... more Assuming that migration threat is multi-dimensional, this article seeks to investigate how various types of threats associated with immigration affect attitudes towards immigration and civil liberties. Through experimentation, the study unpacks the ‘securitization of migration’ discourse by disaggregating the nature of immigration threat, and its impact on policy positions and ideological patterns at the individual level. Based on framing and attitudinal analysis, we argue that physical security in distinction from cultural insecurity is enough to generate important ideological variations stemming from strategic input (such as framing and issue-linkage). We expect then that as immigration shifts from a cultural to a physical threat, immigration issues may become more politically salient but less politicized and subject to consensus. Interestingly, however, the findings reveal that the effects of threat framing are not ubiquitous, and may be conditional upon ideology. Liberals were much more susceptible to the frames than were conservatives. Potential explanations for the ideological effects of framing, as well as their implications, are explored.

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Special issue on immigration policy in Europe: The politics of control

A Reappraisal of the State Sovereignty Debate The Case of Migration Control

Comparative political studies, Mar 1, 2000

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