SOAL DAN PENYELESAIAN
LOGARITMA
Disusun oleh :
SYAHLUL ERBI SYAPUTRA
SOAL DAN PENYELESAIAN
𝑎2 3 𝑏
1. Jika log 𝑏2 = 12, maka log √𝑎 sama dengan…
Penyelesaian:
1
𝑎2 3 𝑏 𝑏 3
log 𝑏2 = 12 log √𝑎 = log (𝑎)
𝑎 2 1 𝑏
log (𝑏) = 12 = 3 log 𝑎
𝑎 1
2 log 𝑏 = 12 = 3 (log b – log a)
𝑎 1
log 𝑏 = 6 = – 3 (log a – log b)
1 𝑎
= – 3 log 𝑏
1
= – 3 (6)
= –2
2. Apabila 7log 2 = a dan 2log 3 = b, maka 6log 98 adalah…
Penyelesaian:
7
log 2 . 2log 3 = ab, maka 7log 3 = ab
6
log 98 = 6log 2.72
= 6log 2 + 6log 72
= 6log 2 + 2 6log 7
2
log 6 = 2log 2 . 3 = 2log 2 + 2log 3 = 1 + b
1
Maka 6log 2 = 1+𝑏
7
log 6 = 7 log 2 . 3 = 7log 2 + 7log 3 = a + ab
1
Maka, 6log 7 = 𝑎+𝑎𝑏
Jadi, 6log 98 = 6log 2 + 2 6log 7
1 1
= + ( )
1+𝑏 𝑎 + 𝑎𝑏
𝑎 2
= +
𝑎(1 + 𝑏) 𝑎(1 + 𝑏)
𝑎+2
=
𝑎(1 + 𝑏)
1 1 1
3. a
log 𝑏 . blog 𝑐 2 . clog 𝑎3 adalah…
Penyelesaian :
1 1 1
a
log 𝑏 . blog 𝑐 2 . clog 𝑎3 = alog 𝑏 −1 . blog 𝑐 −2 . clog 𝑎−3
= (–1 alog b) (–2 blog c) (–3 clog a)
= –6 . alog b . blog c . clog a
= –6 alog a
= –6 . 1
= –6
3 𝑙𝑜𝑔 𝑥 3
4. Jika 𝑓(𝑥) = 1−2 𝑙𝑜𝑔 , maka 𝑓(𝑥) + 𝑓 (𝑥) adalah…
3𝑥
Penyelesaian :
𝑙𝑜𝑔3 𝑥
𝑓(𝑥) =
1 − 2 𝑙𝑜𝑔3 𝑥
3
3 𝑙𝑜𝑔3 (𝑥)
𝑓( ) =
𝑥 3
1 − 2 𝑙𝑜𝑔3 (𝑥)
𝑙𝑜𝑔3 3 − 𝑙𝑜𝑔3 𝑥
=
1 − 2(𝑙𝑜𝑔3 3 − 𝑙𝑜𝑔3 𝑥)
1 − 𝑙𝑜𝑔3 𝑥
=
1 − 2 + 2 𝑙𝑜𝑔3 𝑥
1 − 𝑙𝑜𝑔3 𝑥
=
−1 + 2 𝑙𝑜𝑔3 𝑥
−1 − 𝑙𝑜𝑔3 𝑥
=
1 − 2 𝑙𝑜𝑔3 𝑥
3 𝑙𝑜𝑔3 𝑥 −1 − 𝑙𝑜𝑔3 𝑥
𝑓(𝑥) + 𝑓 ( ) = +
𝑥 1 − 2 𝑙𝑜𝑔3 𝑥 1 − 2 𝑙𝑜𝑔3 𝑥
−1 + 2 𝑙𝑜𝑔3 𝑥
=
1 − 2 𝑙𝑜𝑔3 𝑥
−(1 − 2 𝑙𝑜𝑔3 𝑥
=
1 − 2 𝑙𝑜𝑔3 𝑥
= –1
5. 5
log √27 9log 125 + 16log 32 adalah…
Penyelesaian:
5 log √27 9 log 125 + 16 log 32
1
= 𝑙𝑜𝑔5 32 . 𝑙𝑜𝑔32 53 + 𝑙𝑜𝑔24 25
3 3 5
= 𝑙𝑜𝑔5 3 . 𝑙𝑜𝑔3 5 + 𝑙𝑜𝑔2 2
2 2 4
9 5
= 5𝑙𝑜𝑔 5 +
4 4
9 5
= +
4 4
14
=
4
7
=
2
6. Jika alog 3 = blog 27 , 𝑎 > 0, 𝑏 > 0, 𝑎 ≠ 1, 𝑏 ≠ 1, maka alog b adalah…
Penyelesaian:
𝑎𝑙𝑜𝑔 3 = 𝑏𝑙𝑜𝑔 27
𝑙𝑜𝑔 3 𝑙𝑜𝑔 27
=
𝑙𝑜𝑔 𝑎 𝑙𝑜𝑔 𝑏
𝑙𝑜𝑔 3 3𝑙𝑜𝑔 3
=
𝑙𝑜𝑔 𝑎 𝑙𝑜𝑔 𝑏
𝑙𝑜𝑔 𝑏 = 3𝑙𝑜𝑔 𝑎
𝑙𝑜𝑔 𝑏
𝑎𝑙𝑜𝑔 𝑏 =
𝑙𝑜𝑔 𝑎
3𝑙𝑜𝑔 𝑎
=
𝑙𝑜𝑔 𝑎
= 3
7. Jika 9log 8 = 3m, maka nilai 4log 3 adalah…
Penyelesaian:
𝑙𝑜𝑔 8
9𝑙𝑜𝑔 8 = 3𝑚 ↔ = 3𝑚
𝑙𝑜𝑔 9
𝑙𝑜𝑔 23
↔ = 3𝑚
𝑙𝑜𝑔 32
↔ 3 𝑙𝑜𝑔 2 = 3𝑚 . 2 𝑙𝑜𝑔 3
↔ 𝑙𝑜𝑔 2 = 2𝑚 𝑙𝑜𝑔 3
𝑙𝑜𝑔 3 𝑙𝑜𝑔 3
4𝑙𝑜𝑔 3 = 2
=
𝑙𝑜𝑔 2 2 𝑙𝑜𝑔 2
𝑙𝑜𝑔 3
=
2.2𝑚 𝑙𝑜𝑔 3
1
=
4𝑚
8. Jika 8log b = 2 dan 4log d = 1, hubungan antara nilai b dan d adalah…
Penyelesaian:
hubungan (1) dan (2) adalah:
log3 𝑏 2
=1
log4 𝑑
8
log b = 2 .4log d
log 𝑏 log 𝑑
= 2 . log 4
log 8
log 𝑏 log 𝑑
= 2 . log 22
log 23
log 𝑏 log 𝑑
=2.
3log 2 2log 2
log 𝑏 log 𝑑
=
3log 2 log 2
12
log b = 2log d
3
1
log 2 𝑏 3 = 2log d
1
𝑏 3 = d, maka hubungan b dan d adalah b = 𝑑 3
1
9. (2log2 6 )(3log9 5 )(5log𝑎 2 ) dengan a = 5 , sama dengan…
Penyelesaian:
(2log2 6 )(3log9 5 )(5log𝑎 2 )
1
= (2log2 6 ) . (32 log3 5 ) . (5−1 log5 2 )
−1
= (2log2 6 ) . (3log3 √5 ) . (5log5 2 )
= 6 . √5 . 2−1
= 3√5
1 1
10. Bila x > 1, maka log + log sama dengan…
𝑚 𝑥 𝑛𝑥
Penyelesaian:
1 1
+ log
log𝑚 𝑥 𝑛𝑥
= xlog m + xlog n
= xlog (m.n)
= xlog mn
3+log(log 𝑥)
11. Hasil dari log 1000 )
adalah…
3 (log 𝑥
Penyelesaian:
3 + 𝑙𝑜𝑔(𝑙𝑜𝑔 𝑥) 𝑙𝑜𝑔 1000 + 𝑙𝑜𝑔(𝑙𝑜𝑔 𝑥)
1000
=
𝑙𝑜𝑔3 (𝑙𝑜𝑔 𝑥 ) 𝑙𝑜𝑔3 ( 1000 . 𝑙𝑜𝑔 𝑥)
𝑙𝑜𝑔(1000 . 𝑙𝑜𝑔 𝑥)
=
𝑙𝑜𝑔(1000 . 𝑙𝑜𝑔 𝑥)
𝑙𝑜𝑔 3
𝑙𝑜𝑔(1000. 𝑙𝑜𝑔 𝑥)
= 𝑙𝑜𝑔 3 ×
𝑙𝑜𝑔(1000. 𝑙𝑜𝑔 𝑥)
= 𝑙𝑜𝑔 3
𝑎+𝑏
12. Nilai x yang memenuhi: log x = 4 (a + b)+ 2 log (a – b) – 3 log (𝑎2 − 𝑏 2 ) – log 𝑎−𝑏
adalah...
Penyelesaian:
𝑎
𝑙𝑜𝑔 𝑎 – 𝑙𝑜𝑔 𝑏 = 𝑙𝑜𝑔
𝑏
𝑙𝑜𝑔 𝑎 + 𝑙𝑜𝑔 𝑏 = 𝑙𝑜𝑔 𝑎𝑏
𝑎+𝑏
𝑙𝑜𝑔 𝑥 = 4 (𝑎 + 𝑏) + 2 𝑙𝑜𝑔 (𝑎 – 𝑏) – 3 𝑙𝑜𝑔 (𝑎2 − 𝑏 2 ) – 𝑙𝑜𝑔
𝑎−𝑏
2
𝑙𝑜𝑔(𝑎 + 𝑏)4(𝑎−𝑏)
𝑙𝑜𝑔 𝑥 =
(𝑎2 − 𝑏 2 )3
(𝑎 − 𝑏)
2
𝑙𝑜𝑔{(𝑎 + 𝑏)}4(𝑎−𝑏)
𝑙𝑜𝑔 𝑥 =
(𝑎2 − 𝑏 2 )3 (𝑎 + 𝑏)
𝑙𝑜𝑔 𝑥 = 𝑙𝑜𝑔 1
𝑥 = 1
13. Jika alog b = x dan blog d = y, maka dlog a dinyatakan dalam x dan y adalah…
Penyelesaian:
𝑎𝑙𝑜𝑔 𝑏 = 𝑥
𝑙𝑜𝑔 𝑏
= 𝑥
𝑙𝑜𝑔 𝑎
𝑏𝑙𝑜𝑔 𝑑 = 𝑦
𝑙𝑜𝑔 𝑑
= 𝑦
𝑙𝑜𝑔 𝑏
𝑙𝑜𝑔 𝑏 𝑙𝑜𝑔 𝑑
× = 𝑥𝑦
𝑙𝑜𝑔 𝑎 𝑙𝑜𝑔 𝑏
𝑙𝑜𝑔 𝑑
= 𝑥𝑦
𝑙𝑜𝑔 𝑎
𝑙𝑜𝑔 𝑎 1
=
𝑙𝑜𝑔 𝑑 𝑥𝑦
1
𝑑𝑙𝑜𝑔 𝑎 =
𝑥𝑦
14. Jika xlog 625 = 4 dan 8log y = 0, maka x – y adalah…
Penyelesaian:
x
log 625 = 4 8
log y = 0 jadi, x – y = 5 – 1 = 4
𝑥 4 = 625 80 = 𝑦
𝑥 4 = 54 y=1
x=5
1
15. Jika 9𝑙𝑜𝑔 𝑎 = – 1 dan log 1 𝑥 = 2 , maka nilai x adalah…
𝑎
Penyelesaian:
1
3𝑙𝑜𝑔 𝑎 = – 1
2
3𝑙𝑜𝑔 𝑎 = – 1
𝑎 = 3−2
1
𝑎 =
9
1 1
𝑙𝑜𝑔1 𝑥 = ↔ 9𝑙𝑜𝑔 𝑥 =
𝑎 2 2
1
𝑥 = 92
𝑥 = √9
𝑥= 3
16. Jika 6(340 )(log 2 log 𝑎) + (log 2 log 𝑎) maka nilai a adalah…
Penyelesaian:
6(340 )(log 2 log 𝑎) + (log 2 log 𝑎)
6 (340 )(log 2 𝑎) + 341 (log 2 𝑎) = 343
341 . [2. log 2 𝑎 + log 2 𝑎] = 343
341 . [3. log 2 log 2 𝑎] = 343
log 2 𝑎 = 3
a = 23
a=8
log 𝑥 2 log2 𝑤
17. Jika log 3 𝑤 = 2 dan xylog w = 5 , maka nilai adalah…
3 log2 𝑦
Penyelesaian:
2 5
log w = 5 ↔ wlog xy = 2
xy
w 5
log x + wlog y = 2
5
2 + wlog y = 2
1
w
log y = 2 → wlog y =2
log3 𝑥
=2
log3 𝑤
w
log x = 2
1+𝑥 𝑥 1 +𝑥₂
18. Jika f(x) = log (1−𝑥) , maka f (1+𝑥₁𝑥₂)
Penyelesaian:
𝑥1 + 𝑥₂
1
𝑥 + 𝑥₂ 1 + 1 + 𝑥₁𝑥₂
𝑓 ( ) = 𝑙𝑜𝑔 ( )
1 + 𝑥₁𝑥₂ 𝑥1 + 𝑥₂
1 − 1 + 𝑥₁𝑥₂
𝑥₁𝑥₂ + 1 + 𝑥₁ + 𝑥₂
= 𝑙𝑜𝑔 ( )
𝑥₁𝑥₂ + 1 − 𝑥₁ − 𝑥₂
𝑥₁𝑥₂ + 1 + 𝑥₁ + 𝑥₂
= 𝑙𝑜𝑔 ( )
𝑥₁𝑥₂ + 1 − 𝑥₁ − 𝑥₂
1 + 𝑥₁ 1 + 𝑥₂
= 𝑙𝑜𝑔 ( ) + 𝑙𝑜𝑔 𝑙𝑜𝑔 ( )
1 − 𝑥₁ 1 − 𝑥₂
1 + 𝑥₁ 1 + 𝑥₂
= 𝑙𝑜𝑔 ( ) + 𝑙𝑜𝑔 𝑙𝑜𝑔 ( )
1 − 𝑥₁ 1 − 𝑥₂
19. Jika blog a +log √5 𝑎 = 4, maka alog b adalah…
Penyelesaian:
b
log a +log √5 𝑎 = 4
b
log log a + 2 blog log a = 4
3 blog log a = 4
b
log log a = 4
a 3
log log b = 4
2 2
20. Jika plog q – qlog p = 6, maka nilai (log 𝑝 𝑞) + (log 𝑞 𝑝) adalah…
Penyelesaian:
2
(log 𝑝 𝑞 − log 𝑞 𝑝) = 62
2 2
(log 𝑝 𝑞) − 2 log 𝑝 𝑞 log 𝑞 𝑝 + (log 𝑞 𝑝)
2 2
(log 𝑝 𝑞) + (log 𝑞 𝑝) = 36 + 2
2 2
(log 𝑝 𝑞) −2.1 + (log 𝑞 𝑝) = 36
2 2
(log 𝑝 𝑞) + (log 𝑞 𝑝) = 38
DAFTAR PUSTAKA
Atok Sunu Prastowo, Lusi Susilawati, Nurul Hudha, dkk. 2018. Panduan Sukses
SBMPTN 2019. Solo: Genta Smart Publisher
Rosihani Ari Y. 2014. Perspektif Matematika. Solo: PT Tiga Serangkai Pustaka
Mandiri
Cucun Cunayah, Etsa Indra Irawan. 2013. 1700 Bank Soal Bimbingan Pemantapan
Matematika. Bandung: Yrama Widya
