Safe Haskell | Safe-Inferred |
---|---|
Language | Haskell2010 |
Generics.SOP.JSON
Synopsis
- type JsonFieldName = String
- type JsonTagName = String
- data JsonOptions = JsonOptions {}
- defaultJsonOptions :: JsonOptions
- data Tag
- = NoTag
- | Tag JsonTagName
- data JsonInfo :: [Type] -> Type where
- jsonInfo :: forall a. (HasDatatypeInfo a, SListI (Code a)) => Proxy a -> JsonOptions -> NP JsonInfo (Code a)
- gtoJSON :: forall a. (Generic a, HasDatatypeInfo a, All2 ToJSON (Code a)) => JsonOptions -> a -> Value
- gparseJSON :: forall a. (Generic a, HasDatatypeInfo a, All2 FromJSON (Code a)) => JsonOptions -> Value -> Parser a
- class UpdateFromJSON a where
- updateFromJSON :: Value -> Parser (a -> a)
- gupdateFromJSON :: forall a xs. (Generic a, HasDatatypeInfo a, All UpdateFromJSON xs, Code a ~ '[xs]) => JsonOptions -> Value -> Parser (a -> a)
- replaceWithJSON :: FromJSON a => Value -> Parser (a -> a)
- parseWith :: UpdateFromJSON a => a -> Value -> Parser a
- class ToJSON a where
- toJSON :: a -> Value
- toEncoding :: a -> Encoding
- toJSONList :: [a] -> Value
- toEncodingList :: [a] -> Encoding
- omitField :: a -> Bool
- class FromJSON a where
- parseJSON :: Value -> Parser a
- parseJSONList :: Value -> Parser [a]
- omittedField :: Maybe a
- data Proxy (t :: k) = Proxy
Configuration
type JsonFieldName = String Source #
type JsonTagName = String Source #
data JsonOptions Source #
JSON encoder/decoder configuration
Constructors
JsonOptions | |
Fields
|
JSON view of a datatype
Constructor tag
For a datatype with a single constructor we do not need to tag values with their constructor; but for a datatype with multiple constructors we do.
Constructors
NoTag | |
Tag JsonTagName |
jsonInfo :: forall a. (HasDatatypeInfo a, SListI (Code a)) => Proxy a -> JsonOptions -> NP JsonInfo (Code a) Source #
Generic functions
gtoJSON :: forall a. (Generic a, HasDatatypeInfo a, All2 ToJSON (Code a)) => JsonOptions -> a -> Value Source #
gparseJSON :: forall a. (Generic a, HasDatatypeInfo a, All2 FromJSON (Code a)) => JsonOptions -> Value -> Parser a Source #
UpdateFromJSON and co
class UpdateFromJSON a where Source #
For some values we can support "updating" the value with a "partial"
JSON value; record types are the prime example (and the only one supported
by the generic function). For non-record types we typically can only
replace the value with a "complete" JSON value; in this case, we simply
ignore the old value (see replaceWithJSON
). Typical class instances will
look like
instance UpdateFromJSON SomeRecordType where updateFromJSON = gupdateFromJSON <jsonOptions>
or
instance UpdateFromJSON SomeNonRecordType where updateFromJSON = replaceWithJSON
NOTE: The generic function uses one-level lenses for the object fields. We could generalize this to arbitrary paths, but then the type would change to
updateFromJSON :: Value -> Parser (a -> UpdateM a)
I.e., updating a value from JSON would, in general, involve a database write.
Methods
updateFromJSON :: Value -> Parser (a -> a) Source #
Instances
UpdateFromJSON Rational Source # | |
Defined in Generics.SOP.JSON | |
UpdateFromJSON Text Source # | |
Defined in Generics.SOP.JSON | |
UpdateFromJSON String Source # | |
Defined in Generics.SOP.JSON | |
UpdateFromJSON Bool Source # | |
Defined in Generics.SOP.JSON | |
UpdateFromJSON Double Source # | |
Defined in Generics.SOP.JSON | |
UpdateFromJSON Int Source # | |
Defined in Generics.SOP.JSON | |
FromJSON a => UpdateFromJSON (Maybe a) Source # | |
Defined in Generics.SOP.JSON | |
FromJSON a => UpdateFromJSON [a] Source # | |
Defined in Generics.SOP.JSON Methods updateFromJSON :: Value -> Parser ([a] -> [a]) Source # |
gupdateFromJSON :: forall a xs. (Generic a, HasDatatypeInfo a, All UpdateFromJSON xs, Code a ~ '[xs]) => JsonOptions -> Value -> Parser (a -> a) Source #
Construct a function that updates a value of some record type, given a JSON object with new values for some (or none, or all) of the fields
replaceWithJSON :: FromJSON a => Value -> Parser (a -> a) Source #
For types that we can only replace "whole", rather than update field by field
parseWith :: UpdateFromJSON a => a -> Value -> Parser a Source #
Conversely, for types that we can only parse if we have a starting point
Re-exports
A type that can be converted to JSON.
Instances in general must specify toJSON
and should (but don't need
to) specify toEncoding
.
An example type and instance:
-- Allow ourselves to writeText
literals. {-# LANGUAGE OverloadedStrings #-} data Coord = Coord { x :: Double, y :: Double } instanceToJSON
Coord wheretoJSON
(Coord x y) =object
["x".=
x, "y".=
y]toEncoding
(Coord x y) =pairs
("x".=
x<>
"y".=
y)
Instead of manually writing your ToJSON
instance, there are two options
to do it automatically:
- Data.Aeson.TH provides Template Haskell functions which will derive an instance at compile time. The generated instance is optimized for your type so it will probably be more efficient than the following option.
- The compiler can provide a default generic implementation for
toJSON
.
To use the second, simply add a deriving
clause to your
datatype and declare a Generic
ToJSON
instance. If you require nothing other than
defaultOptions
, it is sufficient to write (and this is the only
alternative where the default toJSON
implementation is sufficient):
{-# LANGUAGE DeriveGeneric #-} import GHC.Generics data Coord = Coord { x :: Double, y :: Double } derivingGeneric
instanceToJSON
Coord wheretoEncoding
=genericToEncoding
defaultOptions
or more conveniently using the DerivingVia extension
deriving viaGenerically
Coord instanceToJSON
Coord
If on the other hand you wish to customize the generic decoding, you have to implement both methods:
customOptions =defaultOptions
{fieldLabelModifier
=map
toUpper
} instanceToJSON
Coord wheretoJSON
=genericToJSON
customOptionstoEncoding
=genericToEncoding
customOptions
Previous versions of this library only had the toJSON
method. Adding
toEncoding
had two reasons:
toEncoding
is more efficient for the common case that the output oftoJSON
is directly serialized to aByteString
. Further, expressing either method in terms of the other would be non-optimal.- The choice of defaults allows a smooth transition for existing users:
Existing instances that do not define
toEncoding
still compile and have the correct semantics. This is ensured by making the default implementation oftoEncoding
usetoJSON
. This produces correct results, but since it performs an intermediate conversion to aValue
, it will be less efficient than directly emitting anEncoding
. (this also means that specifying nothing more thaninstance ToJSON Coord
would be sufficient as a generically decoding instance, but there probably exists no good reason to not specifytoEncoding
in new instances.)
Minimal complete definition
Nothing
Methods
Convert a Haskell value to a JSON-friendly intermediate type.
toEncoding :: a -> Encoding #
Encode a Haskell value as JSON.
The default implementation of this method creates an
intermediate Value
using toJSON
. This provides
source-level compatibility for people upgrading from older
versions of this library, but obviously offers no performance
advantage.
To benefit from direct encoding, you must provide an
implementation for this method. The easiest way to do so is by
having your types implement Generic
using the DeriveGeneric
extension, and then have GHC generate a method body as follows.
instanceToJSON
Coord wheretoEncoding
=genericToEncoding
defaultOptions
toJSONList :: [a] -> Value #
toEncodingList :: [a] -> Encoding #
Defines when it is acceptable to omit a field of this type from a record.
Used by (
operator, and Generics and TH deriving
with .?=
)
.omitNothingFields
= True
Since: aeson-2.2.0.0
Instances
A type that can be converted from JSON, with the possibility of failure.
In many cases, you can get the compiler to generate parsing code for you (see below). To begin, let's cover writing an instance by hand.
There are various reasons a conversion could fail. For example, an
Object
could be missing a required key, an Array
could be of
the wrong size, or a value could be of an incompatible type.
The basic ways to signal a failed conversion are as follows:
fail
yields a custom error message: it is the recommended way of reporting a failure;empty
(ormzero
) is uninformative: use it when the error is meant to be caught by some(
;<|>
)typeMismatch
can be used to report a failure when the encountered value is not of the expected JSON type;unexpected
is an appropriate alternative when more than one type may be expected, or to keep the expected type implicit.
prependFailure
(or modifyFailure
) add more information to a parser's
error messages.
An example type and instance using typeMismatch
and prependFailure
:
-- Allow ourselves to writeText
literals. {-# LANGUAGE OverloadedStrings #-} data Coord = Coord { x :: Double, y :: Double } instanceFromJSON
Coord whereparseJSON
(Object
v) = Coord<$>
v.:
"x"<*>
v.:
"y" -- We do not expect a non-Object
value here. -- We could useempty
to fail, buttypeMismatch
-- gives a much more informative error message.parseJSON
invalid =prependFailure
"parsing Coord failed, " (typeMismatch
"Object" invalid)
For this common case of only being concerned with a single
type of JSON value, the functions withObject
, withScientific
, etc.
are provided. Their use is to be preferred when possible, since
they are more terse. Using withObject
, we can rewrite the above instance
(assuming the same language extension and data type) as:
instanceFromJSON
Coord whereparseJSON
=withObject
"Coord" $ \v -> Coord<$>
v.:
"x"<*>
v.:
"y"
Instead of manually writing your FromJSON
instance, there are two options
to do it automatically:
- Data.Aeson.TH provides Template Haskell functions which will derive an instance at compile time. The generated instance is optimized for your type so it will probably be more efficient than the following option.
- The compiler can provide a default generic implementation for
parseJSON
.
To use the second, simply add a deriving
clause to your
datatype and declare a Generic
FromJSON
instance for your datatype without giving
a definition for parseJSON
.
For example, the previous example can be simplified to just:
{-# LANGUAGE DeriveGeneric #-} import GHC.Generics data Coord = Coord { x :: Double, y :: Double } derivingGeneric
instanceFromJSON
Coord
or using the DerivingVia extension
deriving viaGenerically
Coord instanceFromJSON
Coord
The default implementation will be equivalent to
parseJSON =
; if you need different
options, you can customize the generic decoding by defining:genericParseJSON
defaultOptions
customOptions =defaultOptions
{fieldLabelModifier
=map
toUpper
} instanceFromJSON
Coord whereparseJSON
=genericParseJSON
customOptions
Minimal complete definition
Nothing
Methods
parseJSON :: Value -> Parser a #
parseJSONList :: Value -> Parser [a] #
omittedField :: Maybe a #
Default value for optional fields.
Used by (
operator, and Generics and TH deriving
with .:?=
)
(default).allowOmittedFields
= True
Since: aeson-2.2.0.0
Instances
Proxy
is a type that holds no data, but has a phantom parameter of
arbitrary type (or even kind). Its use is to provide type information, even
though there is no value available of that type (or it may be too costly to
create one).
Historically,
is a safer alternative to the
Proxy
:: Proxy
a
idiom.undefined
:: a
>>>
Proxy :: Proxy (Void, Int -> Int)
Proxy
Proxy can even hold types of higher kinds,
>>>
Proxy :: Proxy Either
Proxy
>>>
Proxy :: Proxy Functor
Proxy
>>>
Proxy :: Proxy complicatedStructure
Proxy
Constructors
Proxy |
Instances
Generic1 (Proxy :: k -> Type) | |
FromJSON1 (Proxy :: Type -> Type) | |
Defined in Data.Aeson.Types.FromJSON | |
ToJSON1 (Proxy :: Type -> Type) | |
Defined in Data.Aeson.Types.ToJSON Methods liftToJSON :: (a -> Bool) -> (a -> Value) -> ([a] -> Value) -> Proxy a -> Value # liftToJSONList :: (a -> Bool) -> (a -> Value) -> ([a] -> Value) -> [Proxy a] -> Value # liftToEncoding :: (a -> Bool) -> (a -> Encoding) -> ([a] -> Encoding) -> Proxy a -> Encoding # liftToEncodingList :: (a -> Bool) -> (a -> Encoding) -> ([a] -> Encoding) -> [Proxy a] -> Encoding # liftOmitField :: (a -> Bool) -> Proxy a -> Bool # | |
Foldable (Proxy :: Type -> Type) | Since: base-4.7.0.0 |
Defined in Data.Foldable Methods fold :: Monoid m => Proxy m -> m # foldMap :: Monoid m => (a -> m) -> Proxy a -> m # foldMap' :: Monoid m => (a -> m) -> Proxy a -> m # foldr :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> Proxy a -> b # foldr' :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> Proxy a -> b # foldl :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> Proxy a -> b # foldl' :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> Proxy a -> b # foldr1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> Proxy a -> a # foldl1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> Proxy a -> a # elem :: Eq a => a -> Proxy a -> Bool # maximum :: Ord a => Proxy a -> a # minimum :: Ord a => Proxy a -> a # | |
Traversable (Proxy :: Type -> Type) | Since: base-4.7.0.0 |
Alternative (Proxy :: Type -> Type) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Applicative (Proxy :: Type -> Type) | Since: base-4.7.0.0 |
Functor (Proxy :: Type -> Type) | Since: base-4.7.0.0 |
Monad (Proxy :: Type -> Type) | Since: base-4.7.0.0 |
MonadPlus (Proxy :: Type -> Type) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Hashable1 (Proxy :: Type -> Type) | |
Defined in Data.Hashable.Class | |
FromJSON (Proxy a) | |
Defined in Data.Aeson.Types.FromJSON | |
ToJSON (Proxy a) | |
Monoid (Proxy s) | Since: base-4.7.0.0 |
Semigroup (Proxy s) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Bounded (Proxy t) | Since: base-4.7.0.0 |
Enum (Proxy s) | Since: base-4.7.0.0 |
Generic (Proxy t) | |
Ix (Proxy s) | Since: base-4.7.0.0 |
Defined in Data.Proxy | |
Read (Proxy t) | Since: base-4.7.0.0 |
Show (Proxy s) | Since: base-4.7.0.0 |
Eq (Proxy s) | Since: base-4.7.0.0 |
Ord (Proxy s) | Since: base-4.7.0.0 |
Hashable (Proxy a) | |
Defined in Data.Hashable.Class | |
type Rep1 (Proxy :: k -> Type) | Since: base-4.6.0.0 |
type Rep (Proxy t) | Since: base-4.6.0.0 |
type Code (Proxy t) | |
Defined in Generics.SOP.Instances | |
type DatatypeInfoOf (Proxy t) | |
Defined in Generics.SOP.Instances type DatatypeInfoOf (Proxy t) = 'ADT "Data.Proxy" "Proxy" '['Constructor "Proxy"] '['[] :: [StrictnessInfo]] |