]> The Tcpdump Group git mirrors - tcpdump/blobdiff - print-bgp.c
The third argument to linkaddr_string is one of the LINKADDR_ enums.
[tcpdump] / print-bgp.c
index 31158b9399ae89f528812754d9cbe8164b30913e..4d8254f0b4487525b61f56d28d18a81adc163da6 100644 (file)
 
 /* \summary: Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) printer */
 
+/* specification: RFC 4271 */
+
 #ifdef HAVE_CONFIG_H
-#include "config.h"
+#include <config.h>
 #endif
 
-#include <netdissect-stdinc.h>
+#include "netdissect-stdinc.h"
 
 #include <stdio.h>
 #include <string.h>
 #include "l2vpn.h"
 
 struct bgp {
-       uint8_t bgp_marker[16];
-       uint16_t bgp_len;
-       uint8_t bgp_type;
+    nd_byte     bgp_marker[16];
+    nd_uint16_t bgp_len;
+    nd_uint8_t  bgp_type;
 };
-#define BGP_SIZE               19      /* unaligned */
+#define BGP_SIZE        19    /* unaligned */
 
-#define BGP_OPEN               1
-#define BGP_UPDATE             2
-#define BGP_NOTIFICATION       3
-#define BGP_KEEPALIVE          4
+#define BGP_OPEN                1
+#define BGP_UPDATE              2
+#define BGP_NOTIFICATION        3
+#define BGP_KEEPALIVE           4
 #define BGP_ROUTE_REFRESH       5
 
 static const struct tok bgp_msg_values[] = {
@@ -70,79 +72,79 @@ static const struct tok bgp_msg_values[] = {
 };
 
 struct bgp_open {
-       uint8_t bgpo_marker[16];
-       uint16_t bgpo_len;
-       uint8_t bgpo_type;
-       uint8_t bgpo_version;
-       uint16_t bgpo_myas;
-       uint16_t bgpo_holdtime;
-       uint32_t bgpo_id;
-       uint8_t bgpo_optlen;
-       /* options should follow */
+    nd_byte     bgpo_marker[16];
+    nd_uint16_t bgpo_len;
+    nd_uint8_t  bgpo_type;
+    nd_uint8_t  bgpo_version;
+    nd_uint16_t bgpo_myas;
+    nd_uint16_t bgpo_holdtime;
+    nd_uint32_t bgpo_id;
+    nd_uint8_t  bgpo_optlen;
+    /* options should follow */
 };
-#define BGP_OPEN_SIZE          29      /* unaligned */
+#define BGP_OPEN_SIZE        29    /* unaligned */
 
 struct bgp_opt {
-       uint8_t bgpopt_type;
-       uint8_t bgpopt_len;
-       /* variable length */
+    nd_uint8_t bgpopt_type;
+    nd_uint8_t bgpopt_len;
+    /* variable length */
 };
-#define BGP_OPT_SIZE           2       /* some compilers may pad to 4 bytes */
-#define BGP_CAP_HEADER_SIZE    2       /* some compilers may pad to 4 bytes */
+#define BGP_OPT_SIZE           2    /* some compilers may pad to 4 bytes */
+#define BGP_CAP_HEADER_SIZE    2    /* some compilers may pad to 4 bytes */
 
 struct bgp_notification {
-       uint8_t bgpn_marker[16];
-       uint16_t bgpn_len;
-       uint8_t bgpn_type;
-       uint8_t bgpn_major;
-       uint8_t bgpn_minor;
+    nd_byte     bgpn_marker[16];
+    nd_uint16_t bgpn_len;
+    nd_uint8_t  bgpn_type;
+    nd_uint8_t  bgpn_major;
+    nd_uint8_t  bgpn_minor;
 };
-#define BGP_NOTIFICATION_SIZE          21      /* unaligned */
+#define BGP_NOTIFICATION_SIZE        21    /* unaligned */
 
 struct bgp_route_refresh {
-    uint8_t  bgp_marker[16];
-    uint16_t len;
-    uint8_t  type;
-    uint8_t  afi[2]; /* the compiler messes this structure up               */
-    uint8_t  res;    /* when doing misaligned sequences of int8 and int16   */
-    uint8_t  safi;   /* afi should be int16 - so we have to access it using */
-};                    /* EXTRACT_16BITS(&bgp_route_refresh->afi) (sigh)      */
+    nd_byte     bgp_marker[16];
+    nd_uint16_t len;
+    nd_uint8_t  type;   /* No padding after this; afi is, in fact, not aligned */
+    nd_uint16_t afi;
+    nd_uint8_t  res;
+    nd_uint8_t  safi;
+};
 #define BGP_ROUTE_REFRESH_SIZE          23
 
 #define bgp_attr_lenlen(flags, p) \
-       (((flags) & 0x10) ? 2 : 1)
+    (((flags) & 0x10) ? 2U : 1U)
 #define bgp_attr_len(flags, p) \
-       (((flags) & 0x10) ? EXTRACT_16BITS(p) : *(p))
-
-#define BGPTYPE_ORIGIN                 1
-#define BGPTYPE_AS_PATH                        2
-#define BGPTYPE_NEXT_HOP               3
-#define BGPTYPE_MULTI_EXIT_DISC                4
-#define BGPTYPE_LOCAL_PREF             5
-#define BGPTYPE_ATOMIC_AGGREGATE       6
-#define BGPTYPE_AGGREGATOR             7
-#define        BGPTYPE_COMMUNITIES             8       /* RFC1997 */
-#define        BGPTYPE_ORIGINATOR_ID           9       /* RFC4456 */
-#define        BGPTYPE_CLUSTER_LIST            10      /* RFC4456 */
-#define        BGPTYPE_DPA                     11      /* deprecated, draft-ietf-idr-bgp-dpa */
-#define        BGPTYPE_ADVERTISERS             12      /* deprecated RFC1863 */
-#define        BGPTYPE_RCID_PATH               13      /* deprecated RFC1863 */
-#define BGPTYPE_MP_REACH_NLRI          14      /* RFC4760 */
-#define BGPTYPE_MP_UNREACH_NLRI                15      /* RFC4760 */
-#define BGPTYPE_EXTD_COMMUNITIES        16      /* RFC4360 */
-#define BGPTYPE_AS4_PATH               17      /* RFC6793 */
-#define BGPTYPE_AGGREGATOR4            18      /* RFC6793 */
-#define BGPTYPE_PMSI_TUNNEL             22      /* RFC6514 */
-#define BGPTYPE_TUNNEL_ENCAP            23      /* RFC5512 */
-#define BGPTYPE_TRAFFIC_ENG             24      /* RFC5543 */
-#define BGPTYPE_IPV6_EXTD_COMMUNITIES   25      /* RFC5701 */
-#define BGPTYPE_AIGP                    26      /* RFC7311 */
-#define BGPTYPE_PE_DISTINGUISHER_LABEL  27      /* RFC6514 */
-#define BGPTYPE_ENTROPY_LABEL           28      /* RFC6790 */
-#define BGPTYPE_LARGE_COMMUNITY                32      /* draft-ietf-idr-large-community-05 */
-#define BGPTYPE_ATTR_SET               128      /* RFC6368 */
-
-#define BGP_MP_NLRI_MINSIZE              3       /* End of RIB Marker detection */
+    (((flags) & 0x10) ? GET_BE_U_2(p) : GET_U_1(p))
+
+#define BGPTYPE_ORIGIN                   1
+#define BGPTYPE_AS_PATH                  2
+#define BGPTYPE_NEXT_HOP                 3
+#define BGPTYPE_MULTI_EXIT_DISC          4
+#define BGPTYPE_LOCAL_PREF               5
+#define BGPTYPE_ATOMIC_AGGREGATE         6
+#define BGPTYPE_AGGREGATOR               7
+#define BGPTYPE_COMMUNITIES              8    /* RFC1997 */
+#define BGPTYPE_ORIGINATOR_ID            9    /* RFC4456 */
+#define BGPTYPE_CLUSTER_LIST            10    /* RFC4456 */
+#define BGPTYPE_DPA                     11    /* deprecated, draft-ietf-idr-bgp-dpa */
+#define BGPTYPE_ADVERTISERS             12    /* deprecated RFC1863 */
+#define BGPTYPE_RCID_PATH               13    /* deprecated RFC1863 */
+#define BGPTYPE_MP_REACH_NLRI           14    /* RFC4760 */
+#define BGPTYPE_MP_UNREACH_NLRI         15    /* RFC4760 */
+#define BGPTYPE_EXTD_COMMUNITIES        16    /* RFC4360 */
+#define BGPTYPE_AS4_PATH                17    /* RFC6793 */
+#define BGPTYPE_AGGREGATOR4             18    /* RFC6793 */
+#define BGPTYPE_PMSI_TUNNEL             22    /* RFC6514 */
+#define BGPTYPE_TUNNEL_ENCAP            23    /* RFC5512 */
+#define BGPTYPE_TRAFFIC_ENG             24    /* RFC5543 */
+#define BGPTYPE_IPV6_EXTD_COMMUNITIES   25    /* RFC5701 */
+#define BGPTYPE_AIGP                    26    /* RFC7311 */
+#define BGPTYPE_PE_DISTINGUISHER_LABEL  27    /* RFC6514 */
+#define BGPTYPE_ENTROPY_LABEL           28    /* RFC6790 */
+#define BGPTYPE_LARGE_COMMUNITY         32    /* draft-ietf-idr-large-community-05 */
+#define BGPTYPE_ATTR_SET               128    /* RFC6368 */
+
+#define BGP_MP_NLRI_MINSIZE              3    /* End of RIB Marker detection */
 
 static const struct tok bgp_attr_values[] = {
     { BGPTYPE_ORIGIN,           "Origin"},
@@ -214,12 +216,14 @@ static const struct tok bgp_opt_values[] = {
 #define BGP_CAPCODE_ORF                 3 /* RFC5291 */
 #define BGP_CAPCODE_MR                  4 /* RFC3107 */
 #define BGP_CAPCODE_EXT_NH              5 /* RFC5549 */
+#define BGP_CAPCODE_ML                  8 /* RFC8277 */
 #define BGP_CAPCODE_RESTART            64 /* RFC4724  */
 #define BGP_CAPCODE_AS_NEW             65 /* RFC6793 */
 #define BGP_CAPCODE_DYN_CAP            67 /* draft-ietf-idr-dynamic-cap */
 #define BGP_CAPCODE_MULTISESS          68 /* draft-ietf-idr-bgp-multisession */
 #define BGP_CAPCODE_ADD_PATH           69 /* RFC7911 */
 #define BGP_CAPCODE_ENH_RR             70 /* draft-keyur-bgp-enhanced-route-refresh */
+#define BGP_CAPCODE_LLGR               71 /* draft-uttaro-idr-bgp-persistence-05 */
 #define BGP_CAPCODE_RR_CISCO          128
 
 static const struct tok bgp_capcode_values[] = {
@@ -228,12 +232,14 @@ static const struct tok bgp_capcode_values[] = {
     { BGP_CAPCODE_ORF,          "Cooperative Route Filtering"},
     { BGP_CAPCODE_MR,           "Multiple Routes to a Destination"},
     { BGP_CAPCODE_EXT_NH,       "Extended Next Hop Encoding"},
+    { BGP_CAPCODE_ML,           "Multiple Labels"},
     { BGP_CAPCODE_RESTART,      "Graceful Restart"},
     { BGP_CAPCODE_AS_NEW,       "32-Bit AS Number"},
     { BGP_CAPCODE_DYN_CAP,      "Dynamic Capability"},
     { BGP_CAPCODE_MULTISESS,    "Multisession BGP"},
     { BGP_CAPCODE_ADD_PATH,     "Multiple Paths"},
     { BGP_CAPCODE_ENH_RR,       "Enhanced Route Refresh"},
+    { BGP_CAPCODE_LLGR,         "Long-lived Graceful Restart"},
     { BGP_CAPCODE_RR_CISCO,     "Route Refresh (Cisco)"},
     { 0, NULL}
 };
@@ -376,6 +382,8 @@ static const struct tok bgp_aigp_values[] = {
 #define SAFNUM_VPLS                     65
 /* RFC6037 */
 #define SAFNUM_MDT                      66
+/* RFC7432 */
+#define SAFNUM_EVPN                     70
 /* RFC4364 */
 #define SAFNUM_VPNUNICAST               128
 /* RFC6513 */
@@ -395,6 +403,7 @@ static const struct tok bgp_safi_values[] = {
     { SAFNUM_TUNNEL,            "Tunnel"},
     { SAFNUM_VPLS,              "VPLS"},
     { SAFNUM_MDT,               "MDT"},
+    { SAFNUM_EVPN,              "EVPN"},
     { SAFNUM_VPNUNICAST,        "labeled VPN Unicast"},
     { SAFNUM_VPNMULTICAST,      "labeled VPN Multicast"},
     { SAFNUM_VPNUNIMULTICAST,   "labeled VPN Unicast+Multicast"},
@@ -404,11 +413,11 @@ static const struct tok bgp_safi_values[] = {
 };
 
 /* well-known community */
-#define BGP_COMMUNITY_NO_EXPORT                        0xffffff01
-#define BGP_COMMUNITY_NO_ADVERT                        0xffffff02
-#define BGP_COMMUNITY_NO_EXPORT_SUBCONFED      0xffffff03
+#define BGP_COMMUNITY_NO_EXPORT              0xffffff01
+#define BGP_COMMUNITY_NO_ADVERT              0xffffff02
+#define BGP_COMMUNITY_NO_EXPORT_SUBCONFED    0xffffff03
 
-/* Extended community type - draft-ietf-idr-bgp-ext-communities-05 */
+/* Extended community type - RFC 4360 */
 #define BGP_EXT_COM_RT_0        0x0002  /* Route Target,Format AS(2bytes):AN(4bytes) */
 #define BGP_EXT_COM_RT_1        0x0102  /* Route Target,Format IP address:AN(2bytes) */
 #define BGP_EXT_COM_RT_2        0x0202  /* Route Target,Format AN(4bytes):local(2bytes) */
@@ -418,15 +427,16 @@ static const struct tok bgp_safi_values[] = {
 #define BGP_EXT_COM_LINKBAND    0x4004  /* Link Bandwidth,Format AS(2B):Bandwidth(4B) */
                                         /* rfc2547 bgp-mpls-vpns */
 #define BGP_EXT_COM_VPN_ORIGIN  0x0005  /* OSPF Domain ID / VPN of Origin  - draft-rosen-vpns-ospf-bgp-mpls */
-#define BGP_EXT_COM_VPN_ORIGIN2 0x0105  /* duplicate - keep for backwards compatability */
-#define BGP_EXT_COM_VPN_ORIGIN3 0x0205  /* duplicate - keep for backwards compatability */
-#define BGP_EXT_COM_VPN_ORIGIN4 0x8005  /* duplicate - keep for backwards compatability */
+#define BGP_EXT_COM_VPN_ORIGIN2 0x0105  /* duplicate - keep for backwards compatibility */
+#define BGP_EXT_COM_VPN_ORIGIN3 0x0205  /* duplicate - keep for backwards compatibility */
+#define BGP_EXT_COM_VPN_ORIGIN4 0x8005  /* duplicate - keep for backwards compatibility */
 
 #define BGP_EXT_COM_OSPF_RTYPE  0x0306  /* OSPF Route Type,Format Area(4B):RouteType(1B):Options(1B) */
-#define BGP_EXT_COM_OSPF_RTYPE2 0x8000  /* duplicate - keep for backwards compatability */
+#define BGP_EXT_COM_OSPF_RTYPE2 0x8000  /* duplicate - keep for backwards compatibility */
+#define BGP_EXT_COM_ENCAP       0x030c  /* rfc5512 */
 
 #define BGP_EXT_COM_OSPF_RID    0x0107  /* OSPF Router ID,Format RouterID(4B):Unused(2B) */
-#define BGP_EXT_COM_OSPF_RID2   0x8001  /* duplicate - keep for backwards compatability */
+#define BGP_EXT_COM_OSPF_RID2   0x8001  /* duplicate - keep for backwards compatibility */
 
 #define BGP_EXT_COM_L2INFO      0x800a  /* draft-kompella-ppvpn-l2vpn */
 
@@ -435,12 +445,12 @@ static const struct tok bgp_safi_values[] = {
 #define BGP_EXT_COM_L2VPN_RT_0  0x000a  /* L2VPN Identifier,Format AS(2bytes):AN(4bytes) */
 #define BGP_EXT_COM_L2VPN_RT_1  0xF10a  /* L2VPN Identifier,Format IP address:AN(2bytes) */
 
-/* http://www.cisco.com/en/US/tech/tk436/tk428/technologies_tech_note09186a00801eb09a.shtml  */
-#define BGP_EXT_COM_EIGRP_GEN   0x8800
-#define BGP_EXT_COM_EIGRP_METRIC_AS_DELAY  0x8801
-#define BGP_EXT_COM_EIGRP_METRIC_REL_NH_BW 0x8802
-#define BGP_EXT_COM_EIGRP_METRIC_LOAD_MTU  0x8803
-#define BGP_EXT_COM_EIGRP_EXT_REMAS_REMID  0x8804
+/* https://www.cisco.com/en/US/tech/tk436/tk428/technologies_tech_note09186a00801eb09a.shtml  */
+#define BGP_EXT_COM_EIGRP_GEN                    0x8800
+#define BGP_EXT_COM_EIGRP_METRIC_AS_DELAY        0x8801
+#define BGP_EXT_COM_EIGRP_METRIC_REL_NH_BW       0x8802
+#define BGP_EXT_COM_EIGRP_METRIC_LOAD_MTU        0x8803
+#define BGP_EXT_COM_EIGRP_EXT_REMAS_REMID        0x8804
 #define BGP_EXT_COM_EIGRP_EXT_REMPROTO_REMMETRIC 0x8805
 
 static const struct tok bgp_extd_comm_flag_values[] = {
@@ -463,15 +473,16 @@ static const struct tok bgp_extd_comm_subtype_values[] = {
     { BGP_EXT_COM_VPN_ORIGIN4, "ospf-domain"},
     { BGP_EXT_COM_OSPF_RTYPE,  "ospf-route-type"},
     { BGP_EXT_COM_OSPF_RTYPE2, "ospf-route-type"},
+    { BGP_EXT_COM_ENCAP,       "encapsulation"},
     { BGP_EXT_COM_OSPF_RID,    "ospf-router-id"},
     { BGP_EXT_COM_OSPF_RID2,   "ospf-router-id"},
     { BGP_EXT_COM_L2INFO,      "layer2-info"},
-    { BGP_EXT_COM_EIGRP_GEN , "eigrp-general-route (flag, tag)" },
-    { BGP_EXT_COM_EIGRP_METRIC_AS_DELAY , "eigrp-route-metric (AS, delay)" },
-    { BGP_EXT_COM_EIGRP_METRIC_REL_NH_BW , "eigrp-route-metric (reliability, nexthop, bandwidth)" },
-    { BGP_EXT_COM_EIGRP_METRIC_LOAD_MTU , "eigrp-route-metric (load, MTU)" },
-    { BGP_EXT_COM_EIGRP_EXT_REMAS_REMID , "eigrp-external-route (remote-AS, remote-ID)" },
-    { BGP_EXT_COM_EIGRP_EXT_REMPROTO_REMMETRIC , "eigrp-external-route (remote-proto, remote-metric)" },
+    { BGP_EXT_COM_EIGRP_GEN,   "eigrp-general-route (flag, tag)" },
+    { BGP_EXT_COM_EIGRP_METRIC_AS_DELAY, "eigrp-route-metric (AS, delay)" },
+    { BGP_EXT_COM_EIGRP_METRIC_REL_NH_BW, "eigrp-route-metric (reliability, nexthop, bandwidth)" },
+    { BGP_EXT_COM_EIGRP_METRIC_LOAD_MTU, "eigrp-route-metric (load, MTU)" },
+    { BGP_EXT_COM_EIGRP_EXT_REMAS_REMID, "eigrp-external-route (remote-AS, remote-ID)" },
+    { BGP_EXT_COM_EIGRP_EXT_REMPROTO_REMMETRIC, "eigrp-external-route (remote-proto, remote-metric)" },
     { BGP_EXT_COM_SOURCE_AS, "source-AS" },
     { BGP_EXT_COM_VRF_RT_IMP, "vrf-route-import"},
     { BGP_EXT_COM_L2VPN_RT_0, "l2vpn-id"},
@@ -479,6 +490,46 @@ static const struct tok bgp_extd_comm_subtype_values[] = {
     { 0, NULL},
 };
 
+/* RFC RFC5512 BGP Tunnel Encapsulation Attribute Tunnel Types */
+#define BGP_ENCAP_TUNNEL_L2TPV3_IP  1
+#define BGP_ENCAP_TUNNEL_GRE        2
+#define BGP_ENCAP_TUNNEL_TRANSMIT   3
+#define BGP_ENCAP_TUNNEL_IPSEC      4
+#define BGP_ENCAP_TUNNEL_IP_IPSEC   5
+#define BGP_ENCAP_TUNNEL_MPLS_IP    6
+#define BGP_ENCAP_TUNNEL_IP_IP      7
+#define BGP_ENCAP_TUNNEL_VXLAN      8
+#define BGP_ENCAP_TUNNEL_NVGRE      9
+#define BGP_ENCAP_TUNNEL_MPLS       10
+#define BGP_ENCAP_TUNNEL_MPLS_GRE   11
+#define BGP_ENCAP_TUNNEL_VXLAN_GPE  12
+#define BGP_ENCAP_TUNNEL_MPLS_UDP   13
+#define BGP_ENCAP_TUNNEL_IPV6       14
+#define BGP_ENCAP_TUNNEL_SR_TE      15
+#define BGP_ENCAP_TUNNEL_BARE       16
+#define BGP_ENCAP_TUNNEL_SR         17
+
+static const struct tok bgp_extd_comm_encap_tunnel_values[] = {
+    { BGP_ENCAP_TUNNEL_L2TPV3_IP,    "L2TPv3 over IP"},
+    { BGP_ENCAP_TUNNEL_GRE,          "GRE"},
+    { BGP_ENCAP_TUNNEL_TRANSMIT,     "Transmit Tunnel"},
+    { BGP_ENCAP_TUNNEL_IPSEC,        "IPsec"},
+    { BGP_ENCAP_TUNNEL_IP_IPSEC,     "IP in IP with IPsec"},
+    { BGP_ENCAP_TUNNEL_MPLS_IP,      "MPLS in IP with IPsec"},
+    { BGP_ENCAP_TUNNEL_IP_IP,        "IP in IP"},
+    { BGP_ENCAP_TUNNEL_VXLAN,        "VXLAN"},
+    { BGP_ENCAP_TUNNEL_NVGRE,        "NVGRE"},
+    { BGP_ENCAP_TUNNEL_MPLS,         "MPLS"},
+    { BGP_ENCAP_TUNNEL_MPLS_GRE,     "MPLS in GRE"},
+    { BGP_ENCAP_TUNNEL_VXLAN_GPE,    "VXLAN GPE"},
+    { BGP_ENCAP_TUNNEL_MPLS_UDP,     "MPLS in UDP"},
+    { BGP_ENCAP_TUNNEL_IPV6,         "IPv6"},
+    { BGP_ENCAP_TUNNEL_SR_TE,        "SR TE"},
+    { BGP_ENCAP_TUNNEL_BARE,         "Bare"},
+    { BGP_ENCAP_TUNNEL_SR,           "SR"},
+    { 0, NULL},
+};
+
 /* OSPF codes for  BGP_EXT_COM_OSPF_RTYPE draft-rosen-vpns-ospf-bgp-mpls  */
 #define BGP_OSPF_RTYPE_RTR      1 /* OSPF Router LSA */
 #define BGP_OSPF_RTYPE_NET      2 /* OSPF Network LSA */
@@ -500,10 +551,10 @@ static const struct tok bgp_extd_comm_ospf_rtype_values[] = {
 
 /* ADD-PATH Send/Receive field values */
 static const struct tok bgp_add_path_recvsend[] = {
-  { 1, "Receive" },
-  { 2, "Send" },
-  { 3, "Both" },
-  { 0, NULL },
+    { 1, "Receive" },
+    { 2, "Send" },
+    { 3, "Both" },
+    { 0, NULL },
 };
 
 static char astostr[20];
@@ -519,103 +570,102 @@ static char astostr[20];
  */
 static char *
 as_printf(netdissect_options *ndo,
-          char *str, int size, u_int asnum)
+          char *str, size_t size, u_int asnum)
 {
-       if (!ndo->ndo_bflag || asnum <= 0xFFFF) {
-               snprintf(str, size, "%u", asnum);
-       } else {
-               snprintf(str, size, "%u.%u", asnum >> 16, asnum & 0xFFFF);
-       }
-       return str;
+    if (!ndo->ndo_bflag || asnum <= 0xFFFF) {
+        snprintf(str, size, "%u", asnum);
+    } else {
+        snprintf(str, size, "%u.%u", asnum >> 16, asnum & 0xFFFF);
+    }
+    return str;
 }
 
 #define ITEMCHECK(minlen) if (itemlen < minlen) goto badtlv;
 
 int
 decode_prefix4(netdissect_options *ndo,
-               const u_char *pptr, u_int itemlen, char *buf, u_int buflen)
+               const u_char *pptr, u_int itemlen, char *buf, size_t buflen)
 {
-       struct in_addr addr;
-       u_int plen, plenbytes;
-
-       ND_TCHECK(pptr[0]);
-       ITEMCHECK(1);
-       plen = pptr[0];
-       if (32 < plen)
-               return -1;
-       itemlen -= 1;
-
-       memset(&addr, 0, sizeof(addr));
-       plenbytes = (plen + 7) / 8;
-       ND_TCHECK2(pptr[1], plenbytes);
-       ITEMCHECK(plenbytes);
-       memcpy(&addr, &pptr[1], plenbytes);
-       if (plen % 8) {
-               ((u_char *)&addr)[plenbytes - 1] &=
-                       ((0xff00 >> (plen % 8)) & 0xff);
-       }
-       snprintf(buf, buflen, "%s/%d", ipaddr_string(ndo, &addr), plen);
-       return 1 + plenbytes;
+    nd_ipv4 addr;
+    u_int plen, plenbytes;
+
+    ND_TCHECK_1(pptr);
+    ITEMCHECK(1);
+    plen = GET_U_1(pptr);
+    if (32 < plen)
+        return -1;
+    itemlen -= 1;
+
+    memset(&addr, 0, sizeof(addr));
+    plenbytes = (plen + 7) / 8;
+    ND_TCHECK_LEN(pptr + 1, plenbytes);
+    ITEMCHECK(plenbytes);
+    memcpy(&addr, pptr + 1, plenbytes);
+    if (plen % 8) {
+        ((u_char *)&addr)[plenbytes - 1] &= ((0xff00 >> (plen % 8)) & 0xff);
+    }
+    snprintf(buf, buflen, "%s/%u", ipaddr_string(ndo, (const u_char *)&addr), plen);
+    return 1 + plenbytes;
 
 trunc:
-       return -2;
+    return -2;
 
 badtlv:
-       return -3;
+    return -3;
 }
 
 static int
 decode_labeled_prefix4(netdissect_options *ndo,
-                       const u_char *pptr, u_int itemlen, char *buf, u_int buflen)
+                       const u_char *pptr, u_int itemlen, char *buf,
+                       size_t buflen)
 {
-       struct in_addr addr;
-       u_int plen, plenbytes;
-
-       /* prefix length and label = 4 bytes */
-       ND_TCHECK2(pptr[0], 4);
-       ITEMCHECK(4);
-       plen = pptr[0];   /* get prefix length */
-
-        /* this is one of the weirdnesses of rfc3107
-           the label length (actually the label + COS bits)
-           is added to the prefix length;
-           we also do only read out just one label -
-           there is no real application for advertisement of
-           stacked labels in a single BGP message
-        */
-
-       if (24 > plen)
-               return -1;
-
-        plen-=24; /* adjust prefixlen - labellength */
-
-       if (32 < plen)
-               return -1;
-       itemlen -= 4;
-
-       memset(&addr, 0, sizeof(addr));
-       plenbytes = (plen + 7) / 8;
-       ND_TCHECK2(pptr[4], plenbytes);
-       ITEMCHECK(plenbytes);
-       memcpy(&addr, &pptr[4], plenbytes);
-       if (plen % 8) {
-               ((u_char *)&addr)[plenbytes - 1] &=
-                       ((0xff00 >> (plen % 8)) & 0xff);
-       }
-        /* the label may get offsetted by 4 bits so lets shift it right */
-       snprintf(buf, buflen, "%s/%d, label:%u %s",
-                 ipaddr_string(ndo, &addr),
-                 plen,
-                 EXTRACT_24BITS(pptr+1)>>4,
-                 ((pptr[3]&1)==0) ? "(BOGUS: Bottom of Stack NOT set!)" : "(bottom)" );
+    nd_ipv4 addr;
+    u_int plen, plenbytes;
+
+    /* prefix length and label = 4 bytes */
+    ND_TCHECK_4(pptr);
+    ITEMCHECK(4);
+    plen = GET_U_1(pptr);   /* get prefix length */
+
+    /* this is one of the weirdnesses of rfc3107
+       the label length (actually the label + COS bits)
+       is added to the prefix length;
+       we also do only read out just one label -
+       there is no real application for advertisement of
+       stacked labels in a single BGP message
+    */
+
+    if (24 > plen)
+        return -1;
+
+    plen-=24; /* adjust prefixlen - labellength */
+
+    if (32 < plen)
+        return -1;
+    itemlen -= 4;
+
+    memset(&addr, 0, sizeof(addr));
+    plenbytes = (plen + 7) / 8;
+    ND_TCHECK_LEN(pptr + 4, plenbytes);
+    ITEMCHECK(plenbytes);
+    memcpy(&addr, pptr + 4, plenbytes);
+    if (plen % 8) {
+        ((u_char *)&addr)[plenbytes - 1] &= ((0xff00 >> (plen % 8)) & 0xff);
+    }
+    /* the label may get offsetted by 4 bits so lets shift it right */
+    snprintf(buf, buflen, "%s/%u, label:%u %s",
+             ipaddr_string(ndo, (const u_char *)&addr),
+             plen,
+             GET_BE_U_3(pptr + 1)>>4,
+             ((GET_U_1(pptr + 3) & 1) == 0) ? "(BOGUS: Bottom of Stack NOT set!)" : "(bottom)" );
 
-       return 4 + plenbytes;
+    return 4 + plenbytes;
 
 trunc:
-       return -2;
+    return -2;
 
 badtlv:
-       return -3;
+    return -3;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -633,12 +683,12 @@ bgp_vpn_ip_print(netdissect_options *ndo,
     char *pos = addr;
 
     switch(addr_length) {
-    case (sizeof(struct in_addr) << 3): /* 32 */
-        ND_TCHECK2(pptr[0], sizeof(struct in_addr));
+    case (sizeof(nd_ipv4) << 3): /* 32 */
+        ND_TCHECK_LEN(pptr, sizeof(nd_ipv4));
         snprintf(pos, sizeof(addr), "%s", ipaddr_string(ndo, pptr));
         break;
-    case (sizeof(struct in6_addr) << 3): /* 128 */
-        ND_TCHECK2(pptr[0], sizeof(struct in6_addr));
+    case (sizeof(nd_ipv6) << 3): /* 128 */
+        ND_TCHECK_LEN(pptr, sizeof(nd_ipv6));
         snprintf(pos, sizeof(addr), "%s", ip6addr_string(ndo, pptr));
         break;
     default:
@@ -670,9 +720,9 @@ trunc:
  *
  * return the number of bytes read from the wire.
  */
-static int
+static u_int
 bgp_vpn_sg_print(netdissect_options *ndo,
-                 const u_char *pptr, char *buf, u_int buflen)
+                 const u_char *pptr, char *buf, size_t buflen)
 {
     uint8_t addr_length;
     u_int total_length, offset;
@@ -680,30 +730,32 @@ bgp_vpn_sg_print(netdissect_options *ndo,
     total_length = 0;
 
     /* Source address length, encoded in bits */
-    ND_TCHECK2(pptr[0], 1);
-    addr_length =  *pptr++;
+    ND_TCHECK_1(pptr);
+    addr_length = GET_U_1(pptr);
+    pptr++;
 
     /* Source address */
-    ND_TCHECK2(pptr[0], (addr_length >> 3));
+    ND_TCHECK_LEN(pptr, (addr_length >> 3));
     total_length += (addr_length >> 3) + 1;
-    offset = strlen(buf);
+    offset = (u_int)strlen(buf);
     if (addr_length) {
         snprintf(buf + offset, buflen - offset, ", Source %s",
-                 bgp_vpn_ip_print(ndo, pptr, addr_length));
+             bgp_vpn_ip_print(ndo, pptr, addr_length));
         pptr += (addr_length >> 3);
     }
 
     /* Group address length, encoded in bits */
-    ND_TCHECK2(pptr[0], 1);
-    addr_length =  *pptr++;
+    ND_TCHECK_1(pptr);
+    addr_length = GET_U_1(pptr);
+    pptr++;
 
     /* Group address */
-    ND_TCHECK2(pptr[0], (addr_length >> 3));
+    ND_TCHECK_LEN(pptr, (addr_length >> 3));
     total_length += (addr_length >> 3) + 1;
-    offset = strlen(buf);
+    offset = (u_int)strlen(buf);
     if (addr_length) {
         snprintf(buf + offset, buflen - offset, ", Group %s",
-                 bgp_vpn_ip_print(ndo, pptr, addr_length));
+             bgp_vpn_ip_print(ndo, pptr, addr_length));
         pptr += (addr_length >> 3);
     }
 
@@ -711,40 +763,42 @@ trunc:
     return (total_length);
 }
 
-/* RDs and RTs share the same semantics
- * we use bgp_vpn_rd_print for
- * printing route targets inside a NLRI */
-char *
+/* Print an RFC 4364 Route Distinguisher */
+const char *
 bgp_vpn_rd_print(netdissect_options *ndo,
                  const u_char *pptr)
 {
-   /* allocate space for the largest possible string */
+    /* allocate space for the largest possible string */
     static char rd[sizeof("xxxxxxxxxx:xxxxx (xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx:xxxxx)")];
     char *pos = rd;
 
     /* ok lets load the RD format */
-    switch (EXTRACT_16BITS(pptr)) {
+    switch (GET_BE_U_2(pptr)) {
 
-        /* 2-byte-AS:number fmt*/
     case 0:
+        /* 2-byte-AS:number fmt */
         snprintf(pos, sizeof(rd) - (pos - rd), "%u:%u (= %u.%u.%u.%u)",
-                 EXTRACT_16BITS(pptr+2),
-                 EXTRACT_32BITS(pptr+4),
-                 *(pptr+4), *(pptr+5), *(pptr+6), *(pptr+7));
+                    GET_BE_U_2(pptr + 2),
+                    GET_BE_U_4(pptr + 4),
+                    GET_U_1(pptr + 4), GET_U_1(pptr + 5),
+                    GET_U_1(pptr + 6), GET_U_1(pptr + 7));
         break;
-        /* IP-address:AS fmt*/
 
     case 1:
+        /* IP-address:AS fmt */
         snprintf(pos, sizeof(rd) - (pos - rd), "%u.%u.%u.%u:%u",
-            *(pptr+2), *(pptr+3), *(pptr+4), *(pptr+5), EXTRACT_16BITS(pptr+6));
+                    GET_U_1(pptr + 2), GET_U_1(pptr + 3),
+                    GET_U_1(pptr + 4), GET_U_1(pptr + 5),
+                    GET_BE_U_2(pptr + 6));
         break;
 
-        /* 4-byte-AS:number fmt*/
     case 2:
-       snprintf(pos, sizeof(rd) - (pos - rd), "%s:%u (%u.%u.%u.%u:%u)",
-           as_printf(ndo, astostr, sizeof(astostr), EXTRACT_32BITS(pptr+2)),
-           EXTRACT_16BITS(pptr+6), *(pptr+2), *(pptr+3), *(pptr+4),
-           *(pptr+5), EXTRACT_16BITS(pptr+6));
+        /* 4-byte-AS:number fmt */
+        snprintf(pos, sizeof(rd) - (pos - rd), "%s:%u (%u.%u.%u.%u:%u)",
+                    as_printf(ndo, astostr, sizeof(astostr), GET_BE_U_4(pptr + 2)),
+                    GET_BE_U_2(pptr + 6), GET_U_1(pptr + 2),
+                    GET_U_1(pptr + 3), GET_U_1(pptr + 4),
+                    GET_U_1(pptr + 5), GET_BE_U_2(pptr + 6));
         break;
     default:
         snprintf(pos, sizeof(rd) - (pos - rd), "unknown RD format");
@@ -755,83 +809,189 @@ bgp_vpn_rd_print(netdissect_options *ndo,
     return (rd);
 }
 
+/*
+ * Print an RFC 4360 Extended Community.
+ */
+static void
+bgp_extended_community_print(netdissect_options *ndo,
+                             const u_char *pptr)
+{
+    union { /* copy buffer for bandwidth values */
+        float f;
+        uint32_t i;
+    } bw;
+
+    switch (GET_BE_U_2(pptr)) {
+
+    case BGP_EXT_COM_RT_0:
+    case BGP_EXT_COM_RO_0:
+    case BGP_EXT_COM_L2VPN_RT_0:
+        ND_PRINT("%u:%u (= %s)",
+                 GET_BE_U_2(pptr + 2),
+                 GET_BE_U_4(pptr + 4),
+                 ipaddr_string(ndo, pptr+4));
+        break;
+
+    case BGP_EXT_COM_RT_1:
+    case BGP_EXT_COM_RO_1:
+    case BGP_EXT_COM_L2VPN_RT_1:
+    case BGP_EXT_COM_VRF_RT_IMP:
+        ND_PRINT("%s:%u",
+                 ipaddr_string(ndo, pptr+2),
+                 GET_BE_U_2(pptr + 6));
+        break;
+
+    case BGP_EXT_COM_RT_2:
+        case BGP_EXT_COM_RO_2:
+            ND_PRINT("%s:%u",
+                     as_printf(ndo, astostr, sizeof(astostr),
+                     GET_BE_U_4(pptr + 2)), GET_BE_U_2(pptr + 6));
+            break;
+
+    case BGP_EXT_COM_LINKBAND:
+            bw.i = GET_BE_U_4(pptr + 2);
+            ND_PRINT("bandwidth: %.3f Mbps",
+                     bw.f*8/1000000);
+            break;
+
+    case BGP_EXT_COM_VPN_ORIGIN:
+    case BGP_EXT_COM_VPN_ORIGIN2:
+    case BGP_EXT_COM_VPN_ORIGIN3:
+    case BGP_EXT_COM_VPN_ORIGIN4:
+    case BGP_EXT_COM_OSPF_RID:
+    case BGP_EXT_COM_OSPF_RID2:
+        ND_PRINT("%s", ipaddr_string(ndo, pptr+2));
+        break;
+
+    case BGP_EXT_COM_OSPF_RTYPE:
+    case BGP_EXT_COM_OSPF_RTYPE2:
+        ND_PRINT("area:%s, router-type:%s, metric-type:%s%s",
+                 ipaddr_string(ndo, pptr+2),
+                 tok2str(bgp_extd_comm_ospf_rtype_values,
+                         "unknown (0x%02x)",
+                         GET_U_1((pptr + 6))),
+                 (GET_U_1(pptr + 7) &  BGP_OSPF_RTYPE_METRIC_TYPE) ? "E2" : "",
+                 ((GET_U_1(pptr + 6) == BGP_OSPF_RTYPE_EXT) || (GET_U_1(pptr + 6) == BGP_OSPF_RTYPE_NSSA)) ? "E1" : "");
+        break;
+
+    case BGP_EXT_COM_L2INFO:
+        ND_PRINT("%s Control Flags [0x%02x]:MTU %u",
+                 tok2str(l2vpn_encaps_values,
+                         "unknown encaps",
+                         GET_U_1((pptr + 2))),
+                 GET_U_1((pptr + 3)),
+                 GET_BE_U_2(pptr + 4));
+        break;
+
+    case BGP_EXT_COM_SOURCE_AS:
+        ND_PRINT("AS %u", GET_BE_U_2(pptr + 2));
+        break;
+
+    case BGP_EXT_COM_ENCAP:
+        ND_PRINT("Tunnel type: %s", tok2str(bgp_extd_comm_encap_tunnel_values,
+                                           "unknown encaps",
+                                           GET_BE_U_2(pptr + 6)));
+        break;
+
+    default:
+        ND_PRINT("%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x",
+                 GET_U_1(pptr + 2),
+                 GET_U_1(pptr + 3),
+                 GET_U_1(pptr + 4),
+                 GET_U_1(pptr + 5),
+                 GET_U_1(pptr + 6),
+                 GET_U_1(pptr + 7));
+        break;
+    }
+}
+
+/* RFC 4684 */
 static int
 decode_rt_routing_info(netdissect_options *ndo,
-                       const u_char *pptr, char *buf, u_int buflen)
+                       const u_char *pptr)
 {
-       uint8_t route_target[8];
-       u_int plen;
+    u_int plen;
+    char asbuf[sizeof(astostr)]; /* bgp_vpn_rd_print() overwrites astostr */
 
-       ND_TCHECK(pptr[0]);
-       plen = pptr[0];   /* get prefix length */
+    /* NLRI "prefix length" from RFC 2858 Section 4. */
+    ND_TCHECK_1(pptr);
+    plen = GET_U_1(pptr);   /* get prefix length */
 
-       if (0 == plen) {
-               snprintf(buf, buflen, "default route target");
-               return 1;
-       }
+    /* NLRI "prefix" (ibid), valid lengths are { 0, 32, 33, ..., 96 } bits.
+     * RFC 4684 Section 4 defines the layout of "origin AS" and "route
+     * target" fields inside the "prefix" depending on its length.
+     */
+    if (0 == plen) {
+        /* Without "origin AS", without "route target". */
+        ND_PRINT("\n\t      default route target");
+        return 1;
+    }
 
-       if (32 > plen)
-               return -1;
+    if (32 > plen) {
+        ND_PRINT("\n\t      (illegal prefix length)");
+        return -1;
+    }
 
-        plen-=32; /* adjust prefix length */
+    /* With at least "origin AS", possibly with "route target". */
+    ND_TCHECK_4(pptr + 1);
+    as_printf(ndo, asbuf, sizeof(asbuf), GET_BE_U_4(pptr + 1));
 
-       if (64 < plen)
-               return -1;
+    plen -= 32; /* adjust prefix length */
 
-       memset(&route_target, 0, sizeof(route_target));
-       ND_TCHECK2(pptr[1], (plen + 7) / 8);
-       memcpy(&route_target, &pptr[1], (plen + 7) / 8);
-       if (plen % 8) {
-               ((u_char *)&route_target)[(plen + 7) / 8 - 1] &=
-                       ((0xff00 >> (plen % 8)) & 0xff);
-       }
-       snprintf(buf, buflen, "origin AS: %s, route target %s",
-           as_printf(ndo, astostr, sizeof(astostr), EXTRACT_32BITS(pptr+1)),
-           bgp_vpn_rd_print(ndo, (u_char *)&route_target));
+    /* An extended community is 8 octets, so the remaining prefix
+     * length must be 64.
+     */
+    if (64 != plen) {
+        ND_PRINT("\n\t    (illegal prefix length)");
+        return -1;
+    }
+    ND_TCHECK_LEN(pptr + 5, 8);
+    ND_PRINT("\n\t      origin AS: %s, route target ", asbuf);
+    bgp_extended_community_print(ndo, pptr + 5);
 
-       return 5 + (plen + 7) / 8;
+    return 5 + 8;
 
 trunc:
-       return -2;
+    return -2;
 }
 
 static int
 decode_labeled_vpn_prefix4(netdissect_options *ndo,
-                           const u_char *pptr, char *buf, u_int buflen)
+                           const u_char *pptr, char *buf, size_t buflen)
 {
-       struct in_addr addr;
-       u_int plen;
+    nd_ipv4 addr;
+    u_int plen;
 
-       ND_TCHECK(pptr[0]);
-       plen = pptr[0];   /* get prefix length */
+    ND_TCHECK_1(pptr);
+    plen = GET_U_1(pptr);   /* get prefix length */
 
-       if ((24+64) > plen)
-               return -1;
+    if ((24+64) > plen)
+        return -1;
 
-        plen-=(24+64); /* adjust prefixlen - labellength - RD len*/
+    plen -= (24+64); /* adjust prefixlen - labellength - RD len*/
 
-       if (32 < plen)
-               return -1;
+    if (32 < plen)
+        return -1;
 
-       memset(&addr, 0, sizeof(addr));
-       ND_TCHECK2(pptr[12], (plen + 7) / 8);
-       memcpy(&addr, &pptr[12], (plen + 7) / 8);
-       if (plen % 8) {
-               ((u_char *)&addr)[(plen + 7) / 8 - 1] &=
-                       ((0xff00 >> (plen % 8)) & 0xff);
-       }
-        /* the label may get offsetted by 4 bits so lets shift it right */
-       snprintf(buf, buflen, "RD: %s, %s/%d, label:%u %s",
-                 bgp_vpn_rd_print(ndo, pptr+4),
-                 ipaddr_string(ndo, &addr),
-                 plen,
-                 EXTRACT_24BITS(pptr+1)>>4,
-                 ((pptr[3]&1)==0) ? "(BOGUS: Bottom of Stack NOT set!)" : "(bottom)" );
+    memset(&addr, 0, sizeof(addr));
+    ND_TCHECK_LEN(pptr + 12, (plen + 7) / 8);
+    memcpy(&addr, pptr + 12, (plen + 7) / 8);
+    if (plen % 8) {
+        ((u_char *)&addr)[(plen + 7) / 8 - 1] &=
+            ((0xff00 >> (plen % 8)) & 0xff);
+    }
+    /* the label may get offsetted by 4 bits so lets shift it right */
+    snprintf(buf, buflen, "RD: %s, %s/%u, label:%u %s",
+                bgp_vpn_rd_print(ndo, pptr+4),
+                ipaddr_string(ndo, (const u_char *)&addr),
+                plen,
+                GET_BE_U_3(pptr + 1)>>4,
+                ((GET_U_1(pptr + 3) & 1) == 0) ? "(BOGUS: Bottom of Stack NOT set!)" : "(bottom)" );
 
-       return 12 + (plen + 7) / 8;
+    return 12 + (plen + 7) / 8;
 
 trunc:
-       return -2;
+    return -2;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -848,40 +1008,38 @@ trunc:
 
 static int
 decode_mdt_vpn_nlri(netdissect_options *ndo,
-                    const u_char *pptr, char *buf, u_int buflen)
+                    const u_char *pptr, char *buf, size_t buflen)
 {
-
     const u_char *rd;
     const u_char *vpn_ip;
 
-    ND_TCHECK(pptr[0]);
+    ND_TCHECK_1(pptr);
 
     /* if the NLRI is not predefined length, quit.*/
-    if (*pptr != MDT_VPN_NLRI_LEN * 8)
-       return -1;
+    if (GET_U_1(pptr) != MDT_VPN_NLRI_LEN * 8)
+        return -1;
     pptr++;
 
     /* RD */
-    ND_TCHECK2(pptr[0], 8);
+    ND_TCHECK_8(pptr);
     rd = pptr;
-    pptr+=8;
+    pptr += 8;
 
     /* IPv4 address */
-    ND_TCHECK2(pptr[0], sizeof(struct in_addr));
+    ND_TCHECK_LEN(pptr, sizeof(nd_ipv4));
     vpn_ip = pptr;
-    pptr+=sizeof(struct in_addr);
+    pptr += sizeof(nd_ipv4);
 
     /* MDT Group Address */
-    ND_TCHECK2(pptr[0], sizeof(struct in_addr));
+    ND_TCHECK_LEN(pptr, sizeof(nd_ipv4));
 
     snprintf(buf, buflen, "RD: %s, VPN IP Address: %s, MC Group Address: %s",
-            bgp_vpn_rd_print(ndo, rd), ipaddr_string(ndo, vpn_ip), ipaddr_string(ndo, pptr));
+                bgp_vpn_rd_print(ndo, rd), ipaddr_string(ndo, vpn_ip), ipaddr_string(ndo, pptr));
 
     return MDT_VPN_NLRI_LEN + 1;
 
  trunc:
-
-return -2;
+    return -2;
 }
 
 #define BGP_MULTICAST_VPN_ROUTE_TYPE_INTRA_AS_I_PMSI   1
@@ -905,89 +1063,92 @@ static const struct tok bgp_multicast_vpn_route_type_values[] = {
 
 static int
 decode_multicast_vpn(netdissect_options *ndo,
-                     const u_char *pptr, char *buf, u_int buflen)
+                     const u_char *pptr, char *buf, size_t buflen)
 {
-        uint8_t route_type, route_length, addr_length, sg_length;
-        u_int offset;
-
-       ND_TCHECK2(pptr[0], 2);
-        route_type = *pptr++;
-        route_length = *pptr++;
-
-        snprintf(buf, buflen, "Route-Type: %s (%u), length: %u",
-                 tok2str(bgp_multicast_vpn_route_type_values,
-                         "Unknown", route_type),
-                 route_type, route_length);
-
-        switch(route_type) {
-        case BGP_MULTICAST_VPN_ROUTE_TYPE_INTRA_AS_I_PMSI:
-            ND_TCHECK2(pptr[0], BGP_VPN_RD_LEN);
-            offset = strlen(buf);
-            snprintf(buf + offset, buflen - offset, ", RD: %s, Originator %s",
-                     bgp_vpn_rd_print(ndo, pptr),
-                     bgp_vpn_ip_print(ndo, pptr + BGP_VPN_RD_LEN,
-                                      (route_length - BGP_VPN_RD_LEN) << 3));
-            break;
-        case BGP_MULTICAST_VPN_ROUTE_TYPE_INTER_AS_I_PMSI:
-            ND_TCHECK2(pptr[0], BGP_VPN_RD_LEN + 4);
-            offset = strlen(buf);
-           snprintf(buf + offset, buflen - offset, ", RD: %s, Source-AS %s",
-               bgp_vpn_rd_print(ndo, pptr),
-               as_printf(ndo, astostr, sizeof(astostr),
-               EXTRACT_32BITS(pptr + BGP_VPN_RD_LEN)));
-            break;
+    uint8_t route_type, route_length;
+    u_int addr_length, sg_length;
+    u_int offset;
 
-        case BGP_MULTICAST_VPN_ROUTE_TYPE_S_PMSI:
-            ND_TCHECK2(pptr[0], BGP_VPN_RD_LEN);
-            offset = strlen(buf);
-            snprintf(buf + offset, buflen - offset, ", RD: %s",
-                     bgp_vpn_rd_print(ndo, pptr));
-            pptr += BGP_VPN_RD_LEN;
+    ND_TCHECK_2(pptr);
+    route_type = GET_U_1(pptr);
+    pptr++;
+    route_length = GET_U_1(pptr);
+    pptr++;
 
-            sg_length = bgp_vpn_sg_print(ndo, pptr, buf, buflen);
-            addr_length =  route_length - sg_length;
+    snprintf(buf, buflen, "Route-Type: %s (%u), length: %u",
+         tok2str(bgp_multicast_vpn_route_type_values,
+                 "Unknown", route_type),
+         route_type, route_length);
+
+    switch(route_type) {
+    case BGP_MULTICAST_VPN_ROUTE_TYPE_INTRA_AS_I_PMSI:
+        ND_TCHECK_LEN(pptr, BGP_VPN_RD_LEN);
+        offset = (u_int)strlen(buf);
+        snprintf(buf + offset, buflen - offset, ", RD: %s, Originator %s",
+                    bgp_vpn_rd_print(ndo, pptr),
+                    bgp_vpn_ip_print(ndo, pptr + BGP_VPN_RD_LEN,
+                                     (route_length - BGP_VPN_RD_LEN) << 3));
+        break;
+    case BGP_MULTICAST_VPN_ROUTE_TYPE_INTER_AS_I_PMSI:
+        ND_TCHECK_LEN(pptr, BGP_VPN_RD_LEN + 4);
+        offset = (u_int)strlen(buf);
+        snprintf(buf + offset, buflen - offset, ", RD: %s, Source-AS %s",
+        bgp_vpn_rd_print(ndo, pptr),
+        as_printf(ndo, astostr, sizeof(astostr),
+        GET_BE_U_4(pptr + BGP_VPN_RD_LEN)));
+        break;
 
-            ND_TCHECK2(pptr[0], addr_length);
-            offset = strlen(buf);
-            snprintf(buf + offset, buflen - offset, ", Originator %s",
-                     bgp_vpn_ip_print(ndo, pptr, addr_length << 3));
-            break;
+    case BGP_MULTICAST_VPN_ROUTE_TYPE_S_PMSI:
+        ND_TCHECK_LEN(pptr, BGP_VPN_RD_LEN);
+        offset = (u_int)strlen(buf);
+        snprintf(buf + offset, buflen - offset, ", RD: %s",
+                    bgp_vpn_rd_print(ndo, pptr));
+        pptr += BGP_VPN_RD_LEN;
 
-        case BGP_MULTICAST_VPN_ROUTE_TYPE_SOURCE_ACTIVE:
-            ND_TCHECK2(pptr[0], BGP_VPN_RD_LEN);
-            offset = strlen(buf);
-            snprintf(buf + offset, buflen - offset, ", RD: %s",
-                     bgp_vpn_rd_print(ndo, pptr));
-            pptr += BGP_VPN_RD_LEN;
+        sg_length = bgp_vpn_sg_print(ndo, pptr, buf, buflen);
+        addr_length =  route_length - sg_length;
 
-            bgp_vpn_sg_print(ndo, pptr, buf, buflen);
-            break;
+        ND_TCHECK_LEN(pptr, addr_length);
+        offset = (u_int)strlen(buf);
+        snprintf(buf + offset, buflen - offset, ", Originator %s",
+                    bgp_vpn_ip_print(ndo, pptr, addr_length << 3));
+        break;
 
-        case BGP_MULTICAST_VPN_ROUTE_TYPE_SHARED_TREE_JOIN: /* fall through */
-        case BGP_MULTICAST_VPN_ROUTE_TYPE_SOURCE_TREE_JOIN:
-            ND_TCHECK2(pptr[0], BGP_VPN_RD_LEN);
-            offset = strlen(buf);
-           snprintf(buf + offset, buflen - offset, ", RD: %s, Source-AS %s",
-               bgp_vpn_rd_print(ndo, pptr),
-               as_printf(ndo, astostr, sizeof(astostr),
-               EXTRACT_32BITS(pptr + BGP_VPN_RD_LEN)));
-            pptr += BGP_VPN_RD_LEN;
-
-            bgp_vpn_sg_print(ndo, pptr, buf, buflen);
-            break;
+    case BGP_MULTICAST_VPN_ROUTE_TYPE_SOURCE_ACTIVE:
+        ND_TCHECK_LEN(pptr, BGP_VPN_RD_LEN);
+        offset = (u_int)strlen(buf);
+        snprintf(buf + offset, buflen - offset, ", RD: %s",
+                    bgp_vpn_rd_print(ndo, pptr));
+        pptr += BGP_VPN_RD_LEN;
 
-            /*
-             * no per route-type printing yet.
-             */
-        case BGP_MULTICAST_VPN_ROUTE_TYPE_INTRA_AS_SEG_LEAF:
-        default:
-            break;
-        }
+        bgp_vpn_sg_print(ndo, pptr, buf, buflen);
+        break;
+
+    case BGP_MULTICAST_VPN_ROUTE_TYPE_SHARED_TREE_JOIN: /* fall through */
+    case BGP_MULTICAST_VPN_ROUTE_TYPE_SOURCE_TREE_JOIN:
+        ND_TCHECK_LEN(pptr, BGP_VPN_RD_LEN + 4);
+        offset = (u_int)strlen(buf);
+        snprintf(buf + offset, buflen - offset, ", RD: %s, Source-AS %s",
+                    bgp_vpn_rd_print(ndo, pptr),
+                    as_printf(ndo, astostr, sizeof(astostr),
+                    GET_BE_U_4(pptr + BGP_VPN_RD_LEN)));
+        pptr += BGP_VPN_RD_LEN + 4;
+
+        bgp_vpn_sg_print(ndo, pptr, buf, buflen);
+        break;
+
+        /*
+         * no per route-type printing yet.
+         */
+    case BGP_MULTICAST_VPN_ROUTE_TYPE_INTRA_AS_SEG_LEAF:
+    default:
+        break;
+    }
 
-        return route_length + 2;
+    return route_length + 2;
 
 trunc:
-       return -2;
+    return -2;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -1002,290 +1163,310 @@ trunc:
  */
 #define UPDATE_BUF_BUFLEN(buf, buflen, stringlen) \
     if (stringlen<0) \
-               buflen=0; \
+        buflen=0; \
     else if ((u_int)stringlen>buflen) \
         buflen=0; \
     else { \
         buflen-=stringlen; \
-       buf+=stringlen; \
+        buf+=stringlen; \
     }
 
 static int
 decode_labeled_vpn_l2(netdissect_options *ndo,
-                      const u_char *pptr, char *buf, u_int buflen)
+                      const u_char *pptr, char *buf, size_t buflen)
 {
-        int plen,tlen,stringlen,tlv_type,tlv_len,ttlv_len;
-
-       ND_TCHECK2(pptr[0], 2);
-        plen=EXTRACT_16BITS(pptr);
-        tlen=plen;
-        pptr+=2;
-       /* Old and new L2VPN NLRI share AFI/SAFI
-         *   -> Assume a 12 Byte-length NLRI is auto-discovery-only
-         *      and > 17 as old format. Complain for the middle case
-         */
-        if (plen==12) {
-           /* assume AD-only with RD, BGPNH */
-           ND_TCHECK2(pptr[0],12);
-           buf[0]='\0';
-           stringlen=snprintf(buf, buflen, "RD: %s, BGPNH: %s",
-                              bgp_vpn_rd_print(ndo, pptr),
-                              ipaddr_string(ndo, pptr+8)
-                              );
-           UPDATE_BUF_BUFLEN(buf, buflen, stringlen);
-           pptr+=12;
-           tlen-=12;
-           return plen;
-        } else if (plen>17) {
-           /* assume old format */
-           /* RD, ID, LBLKOFF, LBLBASE */
-
-           ND_TCHECK2(pptr[0],15);
-           buf[0]='\0';
-           stringlen=snprintf(buf, buflen, "RD: %s, CE-ID: %u, Label-Block Offset: %u, Label Base %u",
-                              bgp_vpn_rd_print(ndo, pptr),
-                              EXTRACT_16BITS(pptr+8),
-                              EXTRACT_16BITS(pptr+10),
-                              EXTRACT_24BITS(pptr+12)>>4); /* the label is offsetted by 4 bits so lets shift it right */
-           UPDATE_BUF_BUFLEN(buf, buflen, stringlen);
-           pptr+=15;
-           tlen-=15;
-
-           /* ok now the variable part - lets read out TLVs*/
-           while (tlen>0) {
-               if (tlen < 3)
-                   return -1;
-               ND_TCHECK2(pptr[0], 3);
-               tlv_type=*pptr++;
-               tlv_len=EXTRACT_16BITS(pptr);
-               ttlv_len=tlv_len;
-               pptr+=2;
-
-               switch(tlv_type) {
-               case 1:
-                   if (buflen!=0) {
-                       stringlen=snprintf(buf,buflen, "\n\t\tcircuit status vector (%u) length: %u: 0x",
-                                          tlv_type,
-                                          tlv_len);
-                       UPDATE_BUF_BUFLEN(buf, buflen, stringlen);
-                   }
-                   ttlv_len=ttlv_len/8+1; /* how many bytes do we need to read ? */
-                   while (ttlv_len>0) {
-                       ND_TCHECK(pptr[0]);
-                       if (buflen!=0) {
-                           stringlen=snprintf(buf,buflen, "%02x",*pptr++);
-                           UPDATE_BUF_BUFLEN(buf, buflen, stringlen);
-                       }
-                       ttlv_len--;
-                   }
-                   break;
-               default:
-                   if (buflen!=0) {
-                       stringlen=snprintf(buf,buflen, "\n\t\tunknown TLV #%u, length: %u",
-                                          tlv_type,
-                                          tlv_len);
-                       UPDATE_BUF_BUFLEN(buf, buflen, stringlen);
-                   }
-                   break;
-               }
-               tlen-=(tlv_len<<3); /* the tlv-length is expressed in bits so lets shift it right */
-           }
-           return plen+2;
-
-        } else {
-           /* complain bitterly ? */
-           /* fall through */
-            goto trunc;
+    u_int plen, tlen, tlv_type, tlv_len, ttlv_len;
+    int stringlen;
+
+    ND_TCHECK_2(pptr);
+    plen = GET_BE_U_2(pptr);
+    tlen = plen;
+    pptr += 2;
+    /* Old and new L2VPN NLRI share AFI/SAFI
+     *   -> Assume a 12 Byte-length NLRI is auto-discovery-only
+     *      and > 17 as old format. Complain for the middle case
+     */
+    if (plen == 12) {
+        /* assume AD-only with RD, BGPNH */
+        ND_TCHECK_LEN(pptr, 12);
+        buf[0] = '\0';
+        stringlen = snprintf(buf, buflen, "RD: %s, BGPNH: %s",
+                                bgp_vpn_rd_print(ndo, pptr),
+                                ipaddr_string(ndo, pptr+8));
+        UPDATE_BUF_BUFLEN(buf, buflen, stringlen);
+        pptr += 12;
+        tlen -= 12;
+        return plen + 2;
+    } else if (plen > 17) {
+        /* assume old format */
+        /* RD, ID, LBLKOFF, LBLBASE */
+
+        ND_TCHECK_LEN(pptr, 15);
+        buf[0] = '\0';
+        stringlen = snprintf(buf, buflen, "RD: %s, CE-ID: %u, Label-Block Offset: %u, Label Base %u",
+                                bgp_vpn_rd_print(ndo, pptr),
+                                GET_BE_U_2(pptr + 8),
+                                GET_BE_U_2(pptr + 10),
+                                GET_BE_U_3(pptr + 12)>>4); /* the label is offsetted by 4 bits so lets shift it right */
+        UPDATE_BUF_BUFLEN(buf, buflen, stringlen);
+        pptr += 15;
+        tlen -= 15;
+
+        /* ok now the variable part - lets read out TLVs*/
+        while (tlen != 0) {
+            if (tlen < 3) {
+                if (buflen != 0) {
+                    stringlen=snprintf(buf,buflen, "\n\t\tran past the end");
+                    UPDATE_BUF_BUFLEN(buf, buflen, stringlen);
+                }
+                return plen + 2;
+            }
+            ND_TCHECK_3(pptr);
+            tlv_type = GET_U_1(pptr);
+            pptr++;
+            tlv_len = GET_BE_U_2(pptr);  /* length, in *bits* */
+            ttlv_len = (tlv_len + 7)/8;      /* length, in *bytes* */
+            pptr += 2;
+
+            switch(tlv_type) {
+            case 1:
+                if (buflen != 0) {
+                    stringlen=snprintf(buf,buflen, "\n\t\tcircuit status vector (%u) length: %u: 0x",
+                                          tlv_type,
+                                          tlv_len);
+                    UPDATE_BUF_BUFLEN(buf, buflen, stringlen);
+                }
+                while (ttlv_len != 0) {
+                    if (tlen < 1) {
+                        if (buflen != 0) {
+                            stringlen=snprintf(buf,buflen, " (ran past the end)");
+                            UPDATE_BUF_BUFLEN(buf, buflen, stringlen);
+                        }
+                        return plen + 2;
+                    }
+                    ND_TCHECK_1(pptr);
+                    if (buflen != 0) {
+                        stringlen=snprintf(buf,buflen, "%02x",
+                                              GET_U_1(pptr));
+                        pptr++;
+                        UPDATE_BUF_BUFLEN(buf, buflen, stringlen);
+                    }
+                    ttlv_len--;
+                    tlen--;
+                }
+                break;
+            default:
+                if (buflen != 0) {
+                    stringlen=snprintf(buf,buflen, "\n\t\tunknown TLV #%u, length: %u",
+                                          tlv_type,
+                                          tlv_len);
+                    UPDATE_BUF_BUFLEN(buf, buflen, stringlen);
+                }
+                if (tlen < ttlv_len) {
+                    if (buflen != 0) {
+                        stringlen=snprintf(buf,buflen, " (ran past the end)");
+                        UPDATE_BUF_BUFLEN(buf, buflen, stringlen);
+                    }
+                    return plen + 2;
+                }
+                tlen -= ttlv_len;
+                break;
+            }
         }
+        return plen + 2;
+    } else {
+        /* complain bitterly ? */
+        /* fall through */
+        goto trunc;
+    }
 
 trunc:
-        return -2;
+    return -2;
 }
 
 int
 decode_prefix6(netdissect_options *ndo,
-               const u_char *pd, u_int itemlen, char *buf, u_int buflen)
+               const u_char *pd, u_int itemlen, char *buf, size_t buflen)
 {
-       struct in6_addr addr;
-       u_int plen, plenbytes;
-
-       ND_TCHECK(pd[0]);
-       ITEMCHECK(1);
-       plen = pd[0];
-       if (128 < plen)
-               return -1;
-       itemlen -= 1;
-
-       memset(&addr, 0, sizeof(addr));
-       plenbytes = (plen + 7) / 8;
-       ND_TCHECK2(pd[1], plenbytes);
-       ITEMCHECK(plenbytes);
-       memcpy(&addr, &pd[1], plenbytes);
-       if (plen % 8) {
-               addr.s6_addr[plenbytes - 1] &=
-                       ((0xff00 >> (plen % 8)) & 0xff);
-       }
-       snprintf(buf, buflen, "%s/%d", ip6addr_string(ndo, &addr), plen);
-       return 1 + plenbytes;
+    nd_ipv6 addr;
+    u_int plen, plenbytes;
+
+    ND_TCHECK_1(pd);
+    ITEMCHECK(1);
+    plen = GET_U_1(pd);
+    if (128 < plen)
+        return -1;
+    itemlen -= 1;
+
+    memset(&addr, 0, sizeof(addr));
+    plenbytes = (plen + 7) / 8;
+    ND_TCHECK_LEN(pd + 1, plenbytes);
+    ITEMCHECK(plenbytes);
+    memcpy(&addr, pd + 1, plenbytes);
+    if (plen % 8) {
+        addr[plenbytes - 1] &=
+            ((0xff00 >> (plen % 8)) & 0xff);
+    }
+    snprintf(buf, buflen, "%s/%u", ip6addr_string(ndo, (const u_char *)&addr), plen);
+    return 1 + plenbytes;
 
 trunc:
-       return -2;
+    return -2;
 
 badtlv:
-       return -3;
+    return -3;
 }
 
 static int
 decode_labeled_prefix6(netdissect_options *ndo,
-                       const u_char *pptr, u_int itemlen, char *buf, u_int buflen)
+               const u_char *pptr, u_int itemlen, char *buf, size_t buflen)
 {
-       struct in6_addr addr;
-       u_int plen, plenbytes;
-
-       /* prefix length and label = 4 bytes */
-       ND_TCHECK2(pptr[0], 4);
-       ITEMCHECK(4);
-       plen = pptr[0]; /* get prefix length */
-
-       if (24 > plen)
-               return -1;
-
-        plen-=24; /* adjust prefixlen - labellength */
-
-       if (128 < plen)
-               return -1;
-       itemlen -= 4;
-
-       memset(&addr, 0, sizeof(addr));
-       plenbytes = (plen + 7) / 8;
-       ND_TCHECK2(pptr[4], plenbytes);
-       memcpy(&addr, &pptr[4], plenbytes);
-       if (plen % 8) {
-               addr.s6_addr[plenbytes - 1] &=
-                       ((0xff00 >> (plen % 8)) & 0xff);
-       }
-        /* the label may get offsetted by 4 bits so lets shift it right */
-       snprintf(buf, buflen, "%s/%d, label:%u %s",
-                 ip6addr_string(ndo, &addr),
-                 plen,
-                 EXTRACT_24BITS(pptr+1)>>4,
-                 ((pptr[3]&1)==0) ? "(BOGUS: Bottom of Stack NOT set!)" : "(bottom)" );
+    nd_ipv6 addr;
+    u_int plen, plenbytes;
+
+    /* prefix length and label = 4 bytes */
+    ND_TCHECK_4(pptr);
+    ITEMCHECK(4);
+    plen = GET_U_1(pptr); /* get prefix length */
+
+    if (24 > plen)
+        return -1;
+
+    plen -= 24; /* adjust prefixlen - labellength */
+
+    if (128 < plen)
+        return -1;
+    itemlen -= 4;
+
+    memset(&addr, 0, sizeof(addr));
+    plenbytes = (plen + 7) / 8;
+    ND_TCHECK_LEN(pptr + 4, plenbytes);
+    memcpy(&addr, pptr + 4, plenbytes);
+    if (plen % 8) {
+        addr[plenbytes - 1] &=
+            ((0xff00 >> (plen % 8)) & 0xff);
+    }
+    /* the label may get offsetted by 4 bits so lets shift it right */
+    snprintf(buf, buflen, "%s/%u, label:%u %s",
+                ip6addr_string(ndo, (const u_char *)&addr),
+                plen,
+                GET_BE_U_3(pptr + 1)>>4,
+                ((GET_U_1(pptr + 3) & 1) == 0) ? "(BOGUS: Bottom of Stack NOT set!)" : "(bottom)" );
 
-       return 4 + plenbytes;
+    return 4 + plenbytes;
 
 trunc:
-       return -2;
+    return -2;
 
 badtlv:
-       return -3;
+    return -3;
 }
 
 static int
 decode_labeled_vpn_prefix6(netdissect_options *ndo,
-                           const u_char *pptr, char *buf, u_int buflen)
+                           const u_char *pptr, char *buf, size_t buflen)
 {
-       struct in6_addr addr;
-       u_int plen;
+    nd_ipv6 addr;
+    u_int plen;
 
-       ND_TCHECK(pptr[0]);
-       plen = pptr[0];   /* get prefix length */
+    ND_TCHECK_1(pptr);
+    plen = GET_U_1(pptr);   /* get prefix length */
 
-       if ((24+64) > plen)
-               return -1;
+    if ((24+64) > plen)
+        return -1;
 
-        plen-=(24+64); /* adjust prefixlen - labellength - RD len*/
+    plen -= (24+64); /* adjust prefixlen - labellength - RD len*/
 
-       if (128 < plen)
-               return -1;
+    if (128 < plen)
+        return -1;
 
-       memset(&addr, 0, sizeof(addr));
-       ND_TCHECK2(pptr[12], (plen + 7) / 8);
-       memcpy(&addr, &pptr[12], (plen + 7) / 8);
-       if (plen % 8) {
-               addr.s6_addr[(plen + 7) / 8 - 1] &=
-                       ((0xff00 >> (plen % 8)) & 0xff);
-       }
-        /* the label may get offsetted by 4 bits so lets shift it right */
-       snprintf(buf, buflen, "RD: %s, %s/%d, label:%u %s",
-                 bgp_vpn_rd_print(ndo, pptr+4),
-                 ip6addr_string(ndo, &addr),
-                 plen,
-                 EXTRACT_24BITS(pptr+1)>>4,
-                 ((pptr[3]&1)==0) ? "(BOGUS: Bottom of Stack NOT set!)" : "(bottom)" );
+    memset(&addr, 0, sizeof(addr));
+    ND_TCHECK_LEN(pptr + 12, (plen + 7) / 8);
+    memcpy(&addr, pptr + 12, (plen + 7) / 8);
+    if (plen % 8) {
+        addr[(plen + 7) / 8 - 1] &=
+            ((0xff00 >> (plen % 8)) & 0xff);
+    }
+    /* the label may get offsetted by 4 bits so lets shift it right */
+    snprintf(buf, buflen, "RD: %s, %s/%u, label:%u %s",
+                bgp_vpn_rd_print(ndo, pptr+4),
+                ip6addr_string(ndo, (const u_char *)&addr),
+                plen,
+                GET_BE_U_3(pptr + 1)>>4,
+                ((GET_U_1(pptr + 3) & 1) == 0) ? "(BOGUS: Bottom of Stack NOT set!)" : "(bottom)" );
 
-       return 12 + (plen + 7) / 8;
+    return 12 + (plen + 7) / 8;
 
 trunc:
-       return -2;
+    return -2;
 }
 
 static int
 decode_clnp_prefix(netdissect_options *ndo,
-                   const u_char *pptr, char *buf, u_int buflen)
+                   const u_char *pptr, char *buf, size_t buflen)
 {
-        uint8_t addr[19];
-       u_int plen;
+    uint8_t addr[19];
+    u_int plen;
 
-       ND_TCHECK(pptr[0]);
-       plen = pptr[0]; /* get prefix length */
+    ND_TCHECK_1(pptr);
+    plen = GET_U_1(pptr); /* get prefix length */
 
-       if (152 < plen)
-               return -1;
+    if (152 < plen)
+        return -1;
 
-       memset(&addr, 0, sizeof(addr));
-       ND_TCHECK2(pptr[4], (plen + 7) / 8);
-       memcpy(&addr, &pptr[4], (plen + 7) / 8);
-       if (plen % 8) {
-               addr[(plen + 7) / 8 - 1] &=
-                       ((0xff00 >> (plen % 8)) & 0xff);
-       }
-       snprintf(buf, buflen, "%s/%d",
-                 isonsap_string(ndo, addr,(plen + 7) / 8),
-                 plen);
+    memset(&addr, 0, sizeof(addr));
+    ND_TCHECK_LEN(pptr + 4, (plen + 7) / 8);
+    memcpy(&addr, pptr + 4, (plen + 7) / 8);
+    if (plen % 8) {
+        addr[(plen + 7) / 8 - 1] &=
+            ((0xff00 >> (plen % 8)) & 0xff);
+    }
+    snprintf(buf, buflen, "%s/%u",
+                isonsap_string(ndo, addr,(plen + 7) / 8),
+                plen);
 
-       return 1 + (plen + 7) / 8;
+    return 1 + (plen + 7) / 8;
 
 trunc:
-       return -2;
+    return -2;
 }
 
 static int
 decode_labeled_vpn_clnp_prefix(netdissect_options *ndo,
-                               const u_char *pptr, char *buf, u_int buflen)
+                               const u_char *pptr, char *buf, size_t buflen)
 {
-        uint8_t addr[19];
-       u_int plen;
+    uint8_t addr[19];
+    u_int plen;
 
-       ND_TCHECK(pptr[0]);
-       plen = pptr[0];   /* get prefix length */
+    ND_TCHECK_1(pptr);
+    plen = GET_U_1(pptr);   /* get prefix length */
 
-       if ((24+64) > plen)
-               return -1;
+    if ((24+64) > plen)
+        return -1;
 
-        plen-=(24+64); /* adjust prefixlen - labellength - RD len*/
+    plen -= (24+64); /* adjust prefixlen - labellength - RD len*/
 
-       if (152 < plen)
-               return -1;
+    if (152 < plen)
+        return -1;
 
-       memset(&addr, 0, sizeof(addr));
-       ND_TCHECK2(pptr[12], (plen + 7) / 8);
-       memcpy(&addr, &pptr[12], (plen + 7) / 8);
-       if (plen % 8) {
-               addr[(plen + 7) / 8 - 1] &=
-                       ((0xff00 >> (plen % 8)) & 0xff);
-       }
-        /* the label may get offsetted by 4 bits so lets shift it right */
-       snprintf(buf, buflen, "RD: %s, %s/%d, label:%u %s",
-                 bgp_vpn_rd_print(ndo, pptr+4),
-                 isonsap_string(ndo, addr,(plen + 7) / 8),
-                 plen,
-                 EXTRACT_24BITS(pptr+1)>>4,
-                 ((pptr[3]&1)==0) ? "(BOGUS: Bottom of Stack NOT set!)" : "(bottom)" );
+    memset(&addr, 0, sizeof(addr));
+    ND_TCHECK_LEN(pptr + 12, (plen + 7) / 8);
+    memcpy(&addr, pptr + 12, (plen + 7) / 8);
+    if (plen % 8) {
+        addr[(plen + 7) / 8 - 1] &= ((0xff00 >> (plen % 8)) & 0xff);
+    }
+    /* the label may get offsetted by 4 bits so lets shift it right */
+    snprintf(buf, buflen, "RD: %s, %s/%u, label:%u %s",
+                bgp_vpn_rd_print(ndo, pptr+4),
+                isonsap_string(ndo, addr,(plen + 7) / 8),
+                plen,
+                GET_BE_U_3(pptr + 1)>>4,
+                ((GET_U_1(pptr + 3) & 1) == 0) ? "(BOGUS: Bottom of Stack NOT set!)" : "(bottom)" );
 
-       return 12 + (plen + 7) / 8;
+    return 12 + (plen + 7) / 8;
 
 trunc:
-       return -2;
+    return -2;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -1295,9 +1476,9 @@ trunc:
  * both Old speakers that do not support 4 byte AS, and the new speakers that do
  * support, exchange AS-Path with the same path-attribute type value 0x02.
  */
-static int
+static u_int
 bgp_attr_get_as_size(netdissect_options *ndo,
-                     uint8_t bgpa_type, const u_char *pptr, int len)
+                     uint8_t bgpa_type, const u_char *pptr, u_int len)
 {
     const u_char *tptr = pptr;
 
@@ -1315,16 +1496,16 @@ bgp_attr_get_as_size(netdissect_options *ndo,
      * each.
      */
     while (tptr < pptr + len) {
-        ND_TCHECK(tptr[0]);
+        ND_TCHECK_1(tptr);
 
         /*
          * If we do not find a valid segment type, our guess might be wrong.
          */
-        if (tptr[0] < BGP_AS_SEG_TYPE_MIN || tptr[0] > BGP_AS_SEG_TYPE_MAX) {
+        if (GET_U_1(tptr) < BGP_AS_SEG_TYPE_MIN || GET_U_1(tptr) > BGP_AS_SEG_TYPE_MAX) {
             goto trunc;
         }
-        ND_TCHECK(tptr[1]);
-        tptr += 2 + tptr[1] * 2;
+        ND_TCHECK_1(tptr + 1);
+        tptr += 2 + GET_U_1(tptr + 1) * 2;
     }
 
     /*
@@ -1343,1536 +1524,1630 @@ trunc:
      * so that calller can try to decode each AS as of 4 bytes. If indeed
      * there was not enough data, it will crib and end the parse anyways.
      */
-   return 4;
+    return 4;
 }
 
+/*
+ * The only way to know that a BGP UPDATE message is using add path is
+ * by checking if the capability is in the OPEN message which we may have missed.
+ * So this function checks if it is possible that the update could contain add path
+ * and if so it checks that standard BGP doesn't make sense.
+ */
 static int
-bgp_attr_print(netdissect_options *ndo,
-               u_int atype, const u_char *pptr, u_int len)
+check_add_path(netdissect_options *ndo, const u_char *pptr, u_int length,
+               u_int max_prefix_length)
 {
-       int i;
-       uint16_t af;
-       uint8_t safi, snpa, nhlen;
-        union { /* copy buffer for bandwidth values */
-            float f;
-            uint32_t i;
-        } bw;
-       int advance;
-       u_int tlen;
-       const u_char *tptr;
-       char buf[MAXHOSTNAMELEN + 100];
-        int  as_size;
-
-        tptr = pptr;
-        tlen=len;
-
-       switch (atype) {
-       case BGPTYPE_ORIGIN:
-               if (len != 1)
-                       ND_PRINT((ndo, "invalid len"));
-               else {
-                       ND_TCHECK(*tptr);
-                       ND_PRINT((ndo, "%s", tok2str(bgp_origin_values,
-                                               "Unknown Origin Typecode",
-                                               tptr[0])));
-               }
-               break;
+    u_int offset, prefix_length;
+
+    if (length < 5) {
+        return 0;
+    }
 
+    /*
+     * Scan through the NLRI information under the assumpetion that
+     * it doesn't have path IDs.
+     */
+    for (offset = 0; offset < length;) {
+        offset += 4;
+        if (!ND_TTEST_1(pptr + offset)) {
+            /* We ran out of captured data; quit scanning. */
+            break;
+        }
+        prefix_length = GET_U_1(pptr + offset);
         /*
-         * Process AS4 byte path and AS2 byte path attributes here.
+         * Add 4 to cover the path id
+         * and check the prefix length isn't greater than 32/128.
          */
-       case BGPTYPE_AS4_PATH:
-       case BGPTYPE_AS_PATH:
-               if (len % 2) {
-                       ND_PRINT((ndo, "invalid len"));
-                       break;
-               }
-                if (!len) {
-                       ND_PRINT((ndo, "empty"));
-                       break;
-                }
+        if (prefix_length > max_prefix_length) {
+            return 0;
+        }
+        /* Add 1 for the prefix_length byte and prefix_length to cover the address */
+        offset += 1 + ((prefix_length + 7) / 8);
+    }
+    /* check we haven't gone past the end of the section */
+    if (offset > length) {
+        return 0;
+    }
 
-                /*
-                 * BGP updates exchanged between New speakers that support 4
-                 * byte AS, ASs are always encoded in 4 bytes. There is no
-                 * definitive way to find this, just by the packet's
-                 * contents. So, check for packet's TLV's sanity assuming
-                 * 2 bytes first, and it does not pass, assume that ASs are
-                 * encoded in 4 bytes format and move on.
-                 */
-                as_size = bgp_attr_get_as_size(ndo, atype, pptr, len);
-
-               while (tptr < pptr + len) {
-                       ND_TCHECK(tptr[0]);
-                        ND_PRINT((ndo, "%s", tok2str(bgp_as_path_segment_open_values,
-                                               "?", tptr[0])));
-                        for (i = 0; i < tptr[1] * as_size; i += as_size) {
-                            ND_TCHECK2(tptr[2 + i], as_size);
-                           ND_PRINT((ndo, "%s ",
-                               as_printf(ndo, astostr, sizeof(astostr),
-                               as_size == 2 ?
-                               EXTRACT_16BITS(&tptr[2 + i]) :
-                               EXTRACT_32BITS(&tptr[2 + i]))));
-                        }
-                       ND_TCHECK(tptr[0]);
-                        ND_PRINT((ndo, "%s", tok2str(bgp_as_path_segment_close_values,
-                                               "?", tptr[0])));
-                        ND_TCHECK(tptr[1]);
-                        tptr += 2 + tptr[1] * as_size;
-               }
-               break;
-       case BGPTYPE_NEXT_HOP:
-               if (len != 4)
-                       ND_PRINT((ndo, "invalid len"));
-               else {
-                       ND_TCHECK2(tptr[0], 4);
-                       ND_PRINT((ndo, "%s", ipaddr_string(ndo, tptr)));
-               }
-               break;
-       case BGPTYPE_MULTI_EXIT_DISC:
-       case BGPTYPE_LOCAL_PREF:
-               if (len != 4)
-                       ND_PRINT((ndo, "invalid len"));
-               else {
-                       ND_TCHECK2(tptr[0], 4);
-                       ND_PRINT((ndo, "%u", EXTRACT_32BITS(tptr)));
-               }
-               break;
-       case BGPTYPE_ATOMIC_AGGREGATE:
-               if (len != 0)
-                       ND_PRINT((ndo, "invalid len"));
-               break;
-        case BGPTYPE_AGGREGATOR:
-
-                /*
-                 * Depending on the AS encoded is of 2 bytes or of 4 bytes,
-                 * the length of this PA can be either 6 bytes or 8 bytes.
-                 */
-                if (len != 6 && len != 8) {
-                    ND_PRINT((ndo, "invalid len"));
-                    break;
+    /* check it's not standard BGP */
+    for (offset = 0; offset < length; ) {
+        if (!ND_TTEST_1(pptr + offset)) {
+            /* We ran out of captured data; quit scanning. */
+            break;
+        }
+        prefix_length = GET_U_1(pptr + offset);
+        /*
+         * If the prefix_length is zero (0.0.0.0/0)
+         * and since it's not the only address (length >= 5)
+         * then it is add-path
+         */
+        if (prefix_length < 1 || prefix_length > max_prefix_length) {
+            return 1;
+        }
+        offset += 1 + ((prefix_length + 7) / 8);
+    }
+    if (offset > length) {
+        return 1;
+    }
+
+    /* assume not add-path by default */
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static int
+bgp_mp_af_print(netdissect_options *ndo,
+               const u_char *tptr, u_int tlen,
+               uint16_t *afp, uint8_t *safip)
+{
+       uint16_t af;
+       uint8_t safi;
+
+        af = GET_BE_U_2(tptr);
+       *afp = af;
+        safi = GET_U_1(tptr + 2);
+       *safip = safi;
+
+        ND_PRINT("\n\t    AFI: %s (%u), %sSAFI: %s (%u)",
+                  tok2str(af_values, "Unknown AFI", af),
+                  af,
+                  (safi>128) ? "vendor specific " : "", /* 128 is meanwhile wellknown */
+                  tok2str(bgp_safi_values, "Unknown SAFI", safi),
+                  safi);
+
+        switch(af<<8 | safi) {
+        case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_UNICAST):
+        case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_MULTICAST):
+        case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_UNIMULTICAST):
+        case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_LABUNICAST):
+        case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_RT_ROUTING_INFO):
+        case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNICAST):
+        case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNMULTICAST):
+        case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNIMULTICAST):
+        case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_MULTICAST_VPN):
+        case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_MDT):
+        case (AFNUM_INET6<<8 | SAFNUM_UNICAST):
+        case (AFNUM_INET6<<8 | SAFNUM_MULTICAST):
+        case (AFNUM_INET6<<8 | SAFNUM_UNIMULTICAST):
+        case (AFNUM_INET6<<8 | SAFNUM_LABUNICAST):
+        case (AFNUM_INET6<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNICAST):
+        case (AFNUM_INET6<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNMULTICAST):
+        case (AFNUM_INET6<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNIMULTICAST):
+        case (AFNUM_NSAP<<8 | SAFNUM_UNICAST):
+        case (AFNUM_NSAP<<8 | SAFNUM_MULTICAST):
+        case (AFNUM_NSAP<<8 | SAFNUM_UNIMULTICAST):
+        case (AFNUM_NSAP<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNICAST):
+        case (AFNUM_NSAP<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNMULTICAST):
+        case (AFNUM_NSAP<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNIMULTICAST):
+        case (AFNUM_L2VPN<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNICAST):
+        case (AFNUM_L2VPN<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNMULTICAST):
+        case (AFNUM_L2VPN<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNIMULTICAST):
+        case (AFNUM_VPLS<<8 | SAFNUM_VPLS):
+            break;
+        default:
+            ND_TCHECK_LEN(tptr, tlen);
+            ND_PRINT("\n\t    no AFI %u / SAFI %u decoder", af, safi);
+            if (ndo->ndo_vflag <= 1)
+                print_unknown_data(ndo, tptr, "\n\t    ", tlen);
+            return -1;
+        }
+       return 0;
+trunc:
+       return -2;
+}
+
+static int
+bgp_nlri_print(netdissect_options *ndo, uint16_t af, uint8_t safi,
+              const u_char *tptr, u_int len,
+              char *buf, size_t buflen,
+              int add_path4, int add_path6)
+{
+       int advance;
+       u_int path_id = 0;
+
+       switch (af<<8 | safi) {
+            case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_UNICAST):
+            case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_MULTICAST):
+            case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_UNIMULTICAST):
+                if (add_path4) {
+                    path_id = GET_BE_U_4(tptr);
+                    tptr += 4;
                 }
-                ND_TCHECK2(tptr[0], len);
-                if (len == 6) {
-                   ND_PRINT((ndo, " AS #%s, origin %s",
-                       as_printf(ndo, astostr, sizeof(astostr), EXTRACT_16BITS(tptr)),
-                       ipaddr_string(ndo, tptr + 2)));
-                } else {
-                   ND_PRINT((ndo, " AS #%s, origin %s",
-                       as_printf(ndo, astostr, sizeof(astostr),
-                       EXTRACT_32BITS(tptr)), ipaddr_string(ndo, tptr + 4)));
+                advance = decode_prefix4(ndo, tptr, len, buf, buflen);
+                if (advance == -1)
+                    ND_PRINT("\n\t    (illegal prefix length)");
+                else if (advance == -2)
+                    goto trunc;
+                else if (advance == -3)
+                    break; /* bytes left, but not enough */
+                else
+                    ND_PRINT("\n\t      %s", buf);
+                if (add_path4) {
+                    ND_PRINT("   Path Id: %u", path_id);
+                   advance += 4;
                 }
                 break;
-       case BGPTYPE_AGGREGATOR4:
-               if (len != 8) {
-                       ND_PRINT((ndo, "invalid len"));
-                       break;
-               }
-               ND_TCHECK2(tptr[0], 8);
-               ND_PRINT((ndo, " AS #%s, origin %s",
-                   as_printf(ndo, astostr, sizeof(astostr), EXTRACT_32BITS(tptr)),
-                   ipaddr_string(ndo, tptr + 4)));
-               break;
-       case BGPTYPE_COMMUNITIES:
-               if (len % 4) {
-                       ND_PRINT((ndo, "invalid len"));
-                       break;
-               }
-               while (tlen>0) {
-                       uint32_t comm;
-                       ND_TCHECK2(tptr[0], 4);
-                       comm = EXTRACT_32BITS(tptr);
-                       switch (comm) {
-                       case BGP_COMMUNITY_NO_EXPORT:
-                               ND_PRINT((ndo, " NO_EXPORT"));
-                               break;
-                       case BGP_COMMUNITY_NO_ADVERT:
-                               ND_PRINT((ndo, " NO_ADVERTISE"));
-                               break;
-                       case BGP_COMMUNITY_NO_EXPORT_SUBCONFED:
-                               ND_PRINT((ndo, " NO_EXPORT_SUBCONFED"));
-                               break;
-                       default:
-                               ND_PRINT((ndo, "%u:%u%s",
-                                       (comm >> 16) & 0xffff,
-                                       comm & 0xffff,
-                                       (tlen>4) ? ", " : ""));
-                               break;
-                       }
-                        tlen -=4;
-                        tptr +=4;
-               }
-               break;
-        case BGPTYPE_ORIGINATOR_ID:
-               if (len != 4) {
-                       ND_PRINT((ndo, "invalid len"));
-                       break;
-               }
-               ND_TCHECK2(tptr[0], 4);
-                ND_PRINT((ndo, "%s",ipaddr_string(ndo, tptr)));
+            case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_LABUNICAST):
+                advance = decode_labeled_prefix4(ndo, tptr, len, buf, buflen);
+                if (advance == -1)
+                    ND_PRINT("\n\t    (illegal prefix length)");
+                else if (advance == -2)
+                    goto trunc;
+                else if (advance == -3)
+                    break; /* bytes left, but not enough */
+                else
+                    ND_PRINT("\n\t      %s", buf);
+                break;
+            case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNICAST):
+            case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNMULTICAST):
+            case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNIMULTICAST):
+                advance = decode_labeled_vpn_prefix4(ndo, tptr, buf, buflen);
+                if (advance == -1)
+                    ND_PRINT("\n\t    (illegal prefix length)");
+                else if (advance == -2)
+                    goto trunc;
+                else
+                    ND_PRINT("\n\t      %s", buf);
+                break;
+            case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_RT_ROUTING_INFO):
+                advance = decode_rt_routing_info(ndo, tptr);
+                if (advance == -2)
+                    goto trunc;
+                break;
+            case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_MULTICAST_VPN): /* fall through */
+            case (AFNUM_INET6<<8 | SAFNUM_MULTICAST_VPN):
+                advance = decode_multicast_vpn(ndo, tptr, buf, buflen);
+                if (advance == -1)
+                    ND_PRINT("\n\t    (illegal prefix length)");
+                else if (advance == -2)
+                    goto trunc;
+                else
+                    ND_PRINT("\n\t      %s", buf);
                 break;
-        case BGPTYPE_CLUSTER_LIST:
-               if (len % 4) {
-                       ND_PRINT((ndo, "invalid len"));
-                       break;
-               }
-                while (tlen>0) {
-                       ND_TCHECK2(tptr[0], 4);
-                        ND_PRINT((ndo, "%s%s",
-                               ipaddr_string(ndo, tptr),
-                                (tlen>4) ? ", " : ""));
-                        tlen -=4;
-                        tptr +=4;
+
+            case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_MDT):
+                advance = decode_mdt_vpn_nlri(ndo, tptr, buf, buflen);
+                if (advance == -1)
+                    ND_PRINT("\n\t    (illegal prefix length)");
+                else if (advance == -2)
+                    goto trunc;
+                else
+                    ND_PRINT("\n\t      %s", buf);
+                break;
+            case (AFNUM_INET6<<8 | SAFNUM_UNICAST):
+            case (AFNUM_INET6<<8 | SAFNUM_MULTICAST):
+            case (AFNUM_INET6<<8 | SAFNUM_UNIMULTICAST):
+                if (add_path6) {
+                    path_id = GET_BE_U_4(tptr);
+                    tptr += 4;
                 }
+                advance = decode_prefix6(ndo, tptr, len, buf, buflen);
+                if (advance == -1)
+                    ND_PRINT("\n\t    (illegal prefix length)");
+                else if (advance == -2)
+                    goto trunc;
+                else if (advance == -3)
+                    break; /* bytes left, but not enough */
+                else
+                    ND_PRINT("\n\t      %s", buf);
+                if (add_path6) {
+                    ND_PRINT("   Path Id: %u", path_id);
+                   advance += 4;
+                }
+                break;
+            case (AFNUM_INET6<<8 | SAFNUM_LABUNICAST):
+                advance = decode_labeled_prefix6(ndo, tptr, len, buf, buflen);
+                if (advance == -1)
+                    ND_PRINT("\n\t    (illegal prefix length)");
+                else if (advance == -2)
+                    goto trunc;
+                else if (advance == -3)
+                    break; /* bytes left, but not enough */
+                else
+                    ND_PRINT("\n\t      %s", buf);
+                break;
+            case (AFNUM_INET6<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNICAST):
+            case (AFNUM_INET6<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNMULTICAST):
+            case (AFNUM_INET6<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNIMULTICAST):
+                advance = decode_labeled_vpn_prefix6(ndo, tptr, buf, buflen);
+                if (advance == -1)
+                    ND_PRINT("\n\t    (illegal prefix length)");
+                else if (advance == -2)
+                    goto trunc;
+                else
+                    ND_PRINT("\n\t      %s", buf);
+                break;
+            case (AFNUM_VPLS<<8 | SAFNUM_VPLS):
+            case (AFNUM_L2VPN<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNICAST):
+            case (AFNUM_L2VPN<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNMULTICAST):
+            case (AFNUM_L2VPN<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNIMULTICAST):
+                advance = decode_labeled_vpn_l2(ndo, tptr, buf, buflen);
+                if (advance == -1)
+                    ND_PRINT("\n\t    (illegal length)");
+                else if (advance == -2)
+                    goto trunc;
+                else
+                    ND_PRINT("\n\t      %s", buf);
+                break;
+            case (AFNUM_NSAP<<8 | SAFNUM_UNICAST):
+            case (AFNUM_NSAP<<8 | SAFNUM_MULTICAST):
+            case (AFNUM_NSAP<<8 | SAFNUM_UNIMULTICAST):
+                advance = decode_clnp_prefix(ndo, tptr, buf, buflen);
+                if (advance == -1)
+                    ND_PRINT("\n\t    (illegal prefix length)");
+                else if (advance == -2)
+                    goto trunc;
+                else
+                    ND_PRINT("\n\t      %s", buf);
+                break;
+            case (AFNUM_NSAP<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNICAST):
+            case (AFNUM_NSAP<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNMULTICAST):
+            case (AFNUM_NSAP<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNIMULTICAST):
+                advance = decode_labeled_vpn_clnp_prefix(ndo, tptr, buf, buflen);
+                if (advance == -1)
+                    ND_PRINT("\n\t    (illegal prefix length)");
+                else if (advance == -2)
+                    goto trunc;
+                else
+                    ND_PRINT("\n\t      %s", buf);
                 break;
-       case BGPTYPE_MP_REACH_NLRI:
-               ND_TCHECK2(tptr[0], 3);
-               af = EXTRACT_16BITS(tptr);
-               safi = tptr[2];
-
-                ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t    AFI: %s (%u), %sSAFI: %s (%u)",
-                       tok2str(af_values, "Unknown AFI", af),
-                       af,
-                       (safi>128) ? "vendor specific " : "", /* 128 is meanwhile wellknown */
-                       tok2str(bgp_safi_values, "Unknown SAFI", safi),
-                       safi));
+            default:
+               /*
+                * This should not happen, we should have been protected
+                * by bgp_mp_af_print()'s return value.
+                */
+                ND_PRINT("\n\t    ERROR: no AFI %u / SAFI %u decoder", af, safi);
+                advance = -4;
+                break;
+       }
+       return advance;
+trunc: /* we rely on the caller to recognize -2 return value */
+       return -2;
+}
 
+static int
+bgp_attr_print(netdissect_options *ndo,
+               uint8_t atype, const u_char *pptr, u_int len,
+               const unsigned attr_set_level)
+{
+    u_int i;
+    uint16_t af;
+    uint8_t safi, snpa, nhlen;
+    int advance;
+    u_int tlen;
+    const u_char *tptr;
+    char buf[MAXHOSTNAMELEN + 100];
+    u_int as_size;
+    int add_path4, add_path6;
+    int ret;
+
+    tptr = pptr;
+    tlen = len;
+
+    switch (atype) {
+    case BGPTYPE_ORIGIN:
+        if (len != 1)
+            ND_PRINT("invalid len");
+        else {
+            ND_TCHECK_1(tptr);
+            ND_PRINT("%s", tok2str(bgp_origin_values,
+                      "Unknown Origin Typecode",
+                      GET_U_1(tptr)));
+        }
+        break;
+
+    /*
+     * Process AS4 byte path and AS2 byte path attributes here.
+     */
+    case BGPTYPE_AS4_PATH:
+    case BGPTYPE_AS_PATH:
+        if (len % 2) {
+            ND_PRINT("invalid len");
+            break;
+        }
+        if (!len) {
+            ND_PRINT("empty");
+            break;
+        }
+
+        /*
+         * BGP updates exchanged between New speakers that support 4
+         * byte AS, ASs are always encoded in 4 bytes. There is no
+         * definitive way to find this, just by the packet's
+         * contents. So, check for packet's TLV's sanity assuming
+         * 2 bytes first, and it does not pass, assume that ASs are
+         * encoded in 4 bytes format and move on.
+         */
+        as_size = bgp_attr_get_as_size(ndo, atype, pptr, len);
+
+        while (tptr < pptr + len) {
+            ND_TCHECK_1(tptr);
+            ND_PRINT("%s", tok2str(bgp_as_path_segment_open_values,
+                      "?", GET_U_1(tptr)));
+            ND_TCHECK_1(tptr + 1);
+            for (i = 0; i < GET_U_1(tptr + 1) * as_size; i += as_size) {
+                ND_TCHECK_LEN(tptr + 2 + i, as_size);
+                ND_PRINT("%s ",
+                          as_printf(ndo, astostr, sizeof(astostr),
+                          as_size == 2 ?
+                              GET_BE_U_2(tptr + i + 2) :
+                              GET_BE_U_4(tptr + i + 2)));
+            }
+            ND_TCHECK_1(tptr);
+            ND_PRINT("%s", tok2str(bgp_as_path_segment_close_values,
+                      "?", GET_U_1(tptr)));
+            ND_TCHECK_1(tptr + 1);
+            tptr += 2 + GET_U_1(tptr + 1) * as_size;
+        }
+        break;
+    case BGPTYPE_NEXT_HOP:
+        if (len != 4)
+            ND_PRINT("invalid len");
+        else {
+            ND_TCHECK_4(tptr);
+            ND_PRINT("%s", ipaddr_string(ndo, tptr));
+        }
+        break;
+    case BGPTYPE_MULTI_EXIT_DISC:
+    case BGPTYPE_LOCAL_PREF:
+        if (len != 4)
+            ND_PRINT("invalid len");
+        else {
+            ND_TCHECK_4(tptr);
+            ND_PRINT("%u", GET_BE_U_4(tptr));
+        }
+        break;
+    case BGPTYPE_ATOMIC_AGGREGATE:
+        if (len != 0)
+            ND_PRINT("invalid len");
+        break;
+    case BGPTYPE_AGGREGATOR:
+
+        /*
+         * Depending on the AS encoded is of 2 bytes or of 4 bytes,
+         * the length of this PA can be either 6 bytes or 8 bytes.
+         */
+        if (len != 6 && len != 8) {
+            ND_PRINT("invalid len");
+            break;
+        }
+        ND_TCHECK_LEN(tptr, len);
+        if (len == 6) {
+            ND_PRINT(" AS #%s, origin %s",
+                      as_printf(ndo, astostr, sizeof(astostr), GET_BE_U_2(tptr)),
+                      ipaddr_string(ndo, tptr + 2));
+        } else {
+            ND_PRINT(" AS #%s, origin %s",
+                      as_printf(ndo, astostr, sizeof(astostr),
+                      GET_BE_U_4(tptr)), ipaddr_string(ndo, tptr + 4));
+        }
+        break;
+    case BGPTYPE_AGGREGATOR4:
+        if (len != 8) {
+            ND_PRINT("invalid len");
+            break;
+        }
+        ND_TCHECK_8(tptr);
+        ND_PRINT(" AS #%s, origin %s",
+                  as_printf(ndo, astostr, sizeof(astostr), GET_BE_U_4(tptr)),
+                  ipaddr_string(ndo, tptr + 4));
+        break;
+    case BGPTYPE_COMMUNITIES:
+        if (len % 4) {
+            ND_PRINT("invalid len");
+            break;
+        }
+        while (tlen != 0) {
+            uint32_t comm;
+            ND_TCHECK_4(tptr);
+            if (tlen < 4)
+                goto trunc;
+            comm = GET_BE_U_4(tptr);
+            switch (comm) {
+            case BGP_COMMUNITY_NO_EXPORT:
+                ND_PRINT(" NO_EXPORT");
+                break;
+            case BGP_COMMUNITY_NO_ADVERT:
+                ND_PRINT(" NO_ADVERTISE");
+                break;
+            case BGP_COMMUNITY_NO_EXPORT_SUBCONFED:
+                ND_PRINT(" NO_EXPORT_SUBCONFED");
+                break;
+            default:
+                ND_PRINT("%u:%u%s",
+                         (comm >> 16) & 0xffff,
+                         comm & 0xffff,
+                         (tlen>4) ? ", " : "");
+                break;
+            }
+            tlen -=4;
+            tptr +=4;
+        }
+        break;
+    case BGPTYPE_ORIGINATOR_ID:
+        if (len != 4) {
+            ND_PRINT("invalid len");
+            break;
+        }
+        ND_TCHECK_4(tptr);
+        ND_PRINT("%s",ipaddr_string(ndo, tptr));
+        break;
+    case BGPTYPE_CLUSTER_LIST:
+        if (len % 4) {
+            ND_PRINT("invalid len");
+            break;
+        }
+        while (tlen != 0) {
+            ND_TCHECK_4(tptr);
+            if (tlen < 4)
+                goto trunc;
+            ND_PRINT("%s%s",
+                      ipaddr_string(ndo, tptr),
+                      (tlen>4) ? ", " : "");
+            tlen -=4;
+            tptr +=4;
+        }
+        break;
+    case BGPTYPE_MP_REACH_NLRI:
+        ND_TCHECK_3(tptr);
+        if (tlen < 3)
+            goto trunc;
+       ret = bgp_mp_af_print(ndo, tptr, tlen, &af, &safi);
+       if (ret == -2)
+           goto trunc;
+       if (ret < 0)
+           break;
+
+        tptr += 3;
+        tlen -= 3;
+
+        ND_TCHECK_1(tptr);
+        nhlen = GET_U_1(tptr);
+        tptr++;
+        tlen--;
+
+        if (nhlen) {
+            u_int nnh = 0;
+            uint8_t tnhlen = nhlen;
+            if (tlen < tnhlen)
+                goto trunc;
+            ND_PRINT("\n\t    nexthop: ");
+            while (tnhlen != 0) {
+                if (nnh++ > 0) {
+                    ND_PRINT(", " );
+                }
                 switch(af<<8 | safi) {
                 case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_UNICAST):
                 case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_MULTICAST):
                 case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_UNIMULTICAST):
                 case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_LABUNICAST):
                 case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_RT_ROUTING_INFO):
+                case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_MULTICAST_VPN):
+                case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_MDT):
+                    if (tnhlen < sizeof(nd_ipv4)) {
+                        ND_PRINT("invalid len");
+                        tptr += tnhlen;
+                        tlen -= tnhlen;
+                        tnhlen = 0;
+                    } else {
+                        ND_TCHECK_LEN(tptr, sizeof(nd_ipv4));
+                        ND_PRINT("%s",ipaddr_string(ndo, tptr));
+                        tptr += sizeof(nd_ipv4);
+                        tnhlen -= sizeof(nd_ipv4);
+                        tlen -= sizeof(nd_ipv4);
+                    }
+                    break;
                 case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNICAST):
                 case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNMULTICAST):
                 case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNIMULTICAST):
-                case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_MULTICAST_VPN):
-               case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_MDT):
+                    if (tnhlen < sizeof(nd_ipv4)+BGP_VPN_RD_LEN) {
+                        ND_PRINT("invalid len");
+                        tptr += tnhlen;
+                        tlen -= tnhlen;
+                        tnhlen = 0;
+                    } else {
+                        ND_TCHECK_LEN(tptr,
+                                      sizeof(nd_ipv4) + BGP_VPN_RD_LEN);
+                        ND_PRINT("RD: %s, %s",
+                                  bgp_vpn_rd_print(ndo, tptr),
+                                  ipaddr_string(ndo, tptr+BGP_VPN_RD_LEN));
+                        tptr += (sizeof(nd_ipv4)+BGP_VPN_RD_LEN);
+                        tlen -= (sizeof(nd_ipv4)+BGP_VPN_RD_LEN);
+                        tnhlen -= (sizeof(nd_ipv4)+BGP_VPN_RD_LEN);
+                    }
+                    break;
                 case (AFNUM_INET6<<8 | SAFNUM_UNICAST):
                 case (AFNUM_INET6<<8 | SAFNUM_MULTICAST):
                 case (AFNUM_INET6<<8 | SAFNUM_UNIMULTICAST):
                 case (AFNUM_INET6<<8 | SAFNUM_LABUNICAST):
+                    if (tnhlen < sizeof(nd_ipv6)) {
+                        ND_PRINT("invalid len");
+                        tptr += tnhlen;
+                        tlen -= tnhlen;
+                        tnhlen = 0;
+                    } else {
+                        ND_TCHECK_LEN(tptr, sizeof(nd_ipv6));
+                        ND_PRINT("%s", ip6addr_string(ndo, tptr));
+                        tptr += sizeof(nd_ipv6);
+                        tlen -= sizeof(nd_ipv6);
+                        tnhlen -= sizeof(nd_ipv6);
+                    }
+                    break;
                 case (AFNUM_INET6<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNICAST):
                 case (AFNUM_INET6<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNMULTICAST):
                 case (AFNUM_INET6<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNIMULTICAST):
+                    if (tnhlen < sizeof(nd_ipv6)+BGP_VPN_RD_LEN) {
+                        ND_PRINT("invalid len");
+                        tptr += tnhlen;
+                        tlen -= tnhlen;
+                        tnhlen = 0;
+                    } else {
+                        ND_TCHECK_LEN(tptr,
+                                      sizeof(nd_ipv6) + BGP_VPN_RD_LEN);
+                        ND_PRINT("RD: %s, %s",
+                                  bgp_vpn_rd_print(ndo, tptr),
+                                  ip6addr_string(ndo, tptr+BGP_VPN_RD_LEN));
+                        tptr += (sizeof(nd_ipv6)+BGP_VPN_RD_LEN);
+                        tlen -= (sizeof(nd_ipv6)+BGP_VPN_RD_LEN);
+                        tnhlen -= (sizeof(nd_ipv6)+BGP_VPN_RD_LEN);
+                    }
+                    break;
+                case (AFNUM_VPLS<<8 | SAFNUM_VPLS):
+                case (AFNUM_L2VPN<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNICAST):
+                case (AFNUM_L2VPN<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNMULTICAST):
+                case (AFNUM_L2VPN<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNIMULTICAST):
+                    if (tnhlen < sizeof(nd_ipv4)) {
+                        ND_PRINT("invalid len");
+                        tptr += tnhlen;
+                        tlen -= tnhlen;
+                        tnhlen = 0;
+                    } else {
+                        ND_TCHECK_LEN(tptr, sizeof(nd_ipv4));
+                        ND_PRINT("%s", ipaddr_string(ndo, tptr));
+                        tptr += (sizeof(nd_ipv4));
+                        tlen -= (sizeof(nd_ipv4));
+                        tnhlen -= (sizeof(nd_ipv4));
+                    }
+                    break;
                 case (AFNUM_NSAP<<8 | SAFNUM_UNICAST):
                 case (AFNUM_NSAP<<8 | SAFNUM_MULTICAST):
                 case (AFNUM_NSAP<<8 | SAFNUM_UNIMULTICAST):
+                    ND_TCHECK_LEN(tptr, tnhlen);
+                    ND_PRINT("%s", isonsap_string(ndo, tptr, tnhlen));
+                    tptr += tnhlen;
+                    tlen -= tnhlen;
+                    tnhlen = 0;
+                    break;
+
                 case (AFNUM_NSAP<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNICAST):
                 case (AFNUM_NSAP<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNMULTICAST):
                 case (AFNUM_NSAP<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNIMULTICAST):
-                case (AFNUM_L2VPN<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNICAST):
-                case (AFNUM_L2VPN<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNMULTICAST):
-                case (AFNUM_L2VPN<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNIMULTICAST):
-                case (AFNUM_VPLS<<8 | SAFNUM_VPLS):
+                    if (tnhlen < BGP_VPN_RD_LEN+1) {
+                        ND_PRINT("invalid len");
+                        tptr += tnhlen;
+                        tlen -= tnhlen;
+                        tnhlen = 0;
+                    } else {
+                        ND_TCHECK_LEN(tptr, tnhlen);
+                        ND_PRINT("RD: %s, %s",
+                                  bgp_vpn_rd_print(ndo, tptr),
+                                  isonsap_string(ndo, tptr+BGP_VPN_RD_LEN,tnhlen-BGP_VPN_RD_LEN));
+                        /* rfc986 mapped IPv4 address ? */
+                        if (GET_BE_U_4(tptr + BGP_VPN_RD_LEN) ==  0x47000601)
+                            ND_PRINT(" = %s", ipaddr_string(ndo, tptr+BGP_VPN_RD_LEN+4));
+                        /* rfc1888 mapped IPv6 address ? */
+                        else if (GET_BE_U_3(tptr + BGP_VPN_RD_LEN) ==  0x350000)
+                            ND_PRINT(" = %s", ip6addr_string(ndo, tptr+BGP_VPN_RD_LEN+3));
+                        tptr += tnhlen;
+                        tlen -= tnhlen;
+                        tnhlen = 0;
+                    }
                     break;
                 default:
-                    ND_TCHECK2(tptr[0], tlen);
-                    ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t    no AFI %u / SAFI %u decoder", af, safi));
-                    if (ndo->ndo_vflag <= 1)
-                        print_unknown_data(ndo, tptr, "\n\t    ", tlen);
+                   /*
+                    * bgp_mp_af_print() should have saved us from
+                    * an unsupported AFI/SAFI.
+                    */
+                    ND_PRINT("ERROR: no AFI %u/SAFI %u nexthop decoder", af, safi);
+                    tptr += tnhlen;
+                    tlen -= tnhlen;
+                    tnhlen = 0;
                     goto done;
                     break;
                 }
+            }
+        }
+        ND_PRINT(", nh-length: %u", nhlen);
 
-                tptr +=3;
-
-               ND_TCHECK(tptr[0]);
-               nhlen = tptr[0];
-                tlen = nhlen;
+        /* As per RFC 2858; this is reserved in RFC 4760 */
+        if (tlen < 1)
+            goto trunc;
+        ND_TCHECK_1(tptr);
+        snpa = GET_U_1(tptr);
+        tptr++;
+        tlen--;
+
+        if (snpa) {
+            ND_PRINT("\n\t    %u SNPA", snpa);
+            for (/*nothing*/; snpa != 0; snpa--) {
+                uint8_t snpalen;
+               if (tlen < 1)
+                   goto trunc;
+                ND_TCHECK_1(tptr);
+                snpalen = GET_U_1(tptr);
+                ND_PRINT("\n\t      %u bytes", snpalen);
                 tptr++;
+                tlen--;
+                if (tlen < snpalen)
+                    goto trunc;
+                tptr += snpalen;
+                tlen -= snpalen;
+            }
+        } else {
+            ND_PRINT(", no SNPA");
+        }
 
-               if (tlen) {
-                    int nnh = 0;
-                    ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t    nexthop: "));
-                    while (tlen > 0) {
-                        if ( nnh++ > 0 ) {
-                            ND_PRINT((ndo,  ", " ));
-                        }
-                        switch(af<<8 | safi) {
-                        case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_UNICAST):
-                        case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_MULTICAST):
-                        case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_UNIMULTICAST):
-                        case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_LABUNICAST):
-                        case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_RT_ROUTING_INFO):
-                        case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_MULTICAST_VPN):
-                        case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_MDT):
-                           if (tlen < (int)sizeof(struct in_addr)) {
-                                ND_PRINT((ndo, "invalid len"));
-                                tlen = 0;
-                            } else {
-                                ND_TCHECK2(tptr[0], sizeof(struct in_addr));
-                                ND_PRINT((ndo, "%s",ipaddr_string(ndo, tptr)));
-                                tlen -= sizeof(struct in_addr);
-                                tptr += sizeof(struct in_addr);
-                            }
-                            break;
-                        case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNICAST):
-                        case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNMULTICAST):
-                        case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNIMULTICAST):
-                            if (tlen < (int)(sizeof(struct in_addr)+BGP_VPN_RD_LEN)) {
-                                ND_PRINT((ndo, "invalid len"));
-                                tlen = 0;
-                            } else {
-                                ND_TCHECK2(tptr[0], sizeof(struct in_addr)+BGP_VPN_RD_LEN);
-                                ND_PRINT((ndo, "RD: %s, %s",
-                                       bgp_vpn_rd_print(ndo, tptr),
-                                       ipaddr_string(ndo, tptr+BGP_VPN_RD_LEN)));
-                                tlen -= (sizeof(struct in_addr)+BGP_VPN_RD_LEN);
-                                tptr += (sizeof(struct in_addr)+BGP_VPN_RD_LEN);
-                            }
-                            break;
-                        case (AFNUM_INET6<<8 | SAFNUM_UNICAST):
-                        case (AFNUM_INET6<<8 | SAFNUM_MULTICAST):
-                        case (AFNUM_INET6<<8 | SAFNUM_UNIMULTICAST):
-                        case (AFNUM_INET6<<8 | SAFNUM_LABUNICAST):
-                            if (tlen < (int)sizeof(struct in6_addr)) {
-                                ND_PRINT((ndo, "invalid len"));
-                                tlen = 0;
-                            } else {
-                                ND_TCHECK2(tptr[0], sizeof(struct in6_addr));
-                                ND_PRINT((ndo, "%s", ip6addr_string(ndo, tptr)));
-                                tlen -= sizeof(struct in6_addr);
-                                tptr += sizeof(struct in6_addr);
-                            }
-                            break;
-                        case (AFNUM_INET6<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNICAST):
-                        case (AFNUM_INET6<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNMULTICAST):
-                        case (AFNUM_INET6<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNIMULTICAST):
-                            if (tlen < (int)(sizeof(struct in6_addr)+BGP_VPN_RD_LEN)) {
-                                ND_PRINT((ndo, "invalid len"));
-                                tlen = 0;
-                            } else {
-                                ND_TCHECK2(tptr[0], sizeof(struct in6_addr)+BGP_VPN_RD_LEN);
-                                ND_PRINT((ndo, "RD: %s, %s",
-                                       bgp_vpn_rd_print(ndo, tptr),
-                                       ip6addr_string(ndo, tptr+BGP_VPN_RD_LEN)));
-                                tlen -= (sizeof(struct in6_addr)+BGP_VPN_RD_LEN);
-                                tptr += (sizeof(struct in6_addr)+BGP_VPN_RD_LEN);
-                            }
-                            break;
-                        case (AFNUM_VPLS<<8 | SAFNUM_VPLS):
-                        case (AFNUM_L2VPN<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNICAST):
-                        case (AFNUM_L2VPN<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNMULTICAST):
-                        case (AFNUM_L2VPN<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNIMULTICAST):
-                            if (tlen < (int)sizeof(struct in_addr)) {
-                                ND_PRINT((ndo, "invalid len"));
-                                tlen = 0;
-                            } else {
-                                ND_TCHECK2(tptr[0], sizeof(struct in_addr));
-                                ND_PRINT((ndo, "%s", ipaddr_string(ndo, tptr)));
-                                tlen -= (sizeof(struct in_addr));
-                                tptr += (sizeof(struct in_addr));
-                            }
-                            break;
-                        case (AFNUM_NSAP<<8 | SAFNUM_UNICAST):
-                        case (AFNUM_NSAP<<8 | SAFNUM_MULTICAST):
-                        case (AFNUM_NSAP<<8 | SAFNUM_UNIMULTICAST):
-                            ND_TCHECK2(tptr[0], tlen);
-                            ND_PRINT((ndo, "%s", isonsap_string(ndo, tptr, tlen)));
-                            tptr += tlen;
-                            tlen = 0;
-                            break;
-
-                        case (AFNUM_NSAP<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNICAST):
-                        case (AFNUM_NSAP<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNMULTICAST):
-                        case (AFNUM_NSAP<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNIMULTICAST):
-                            if (tlen < BGP_VPN_RD_LEN+1) {
-                                ND_PRINT((ndo, "invalid len"));
-                                tlen = 0;
-                            } else {
-                                ND_TCHECK2(tptr[0], tlen);
-                                ND_PRINT((ndo, "RD: %s, %s",
-                                       bgp_vpn_rd_print(ndo, tptr),
-                                       isonsap_string(ndo, tptr+BGP_VPN_RD_LEN,tlen-BGP_VPN_RD_LEN)));
-                                /* rfc986 mapped IPv4 address ? */
-                                if (EXTRACT_32BITS(tptr+BGP_VPN_RD_LEN) ==  0x47000601)
-                                    ND_PRINT((ndo, " = %s", ipaddr_string(ndo, tptr+BGP_VPN_RD_LEN+4)));
-                                /* rfc1888 mapped IPv6 address ? */
-                                else if (EXTRACT_24BITS(tptr+BGP_VPN_RD_LEN) ==  0x350000)
-                                    ND_PRINT((ndo, " = %s", ip6addr_string(ndo, tptr+BGP_VPN_RD_LEN+3)));
-                                tptr += tlen;
-                                tlen = 0;
-                            }
-                            break;
-                        default:
-                            ND_TCHECK2(tptr[0], tlen);
-                            ND_PRINT((ndo, "no AFI %u/SAFI %u decoder", af, safi));
-                            if (ndo->ndo_vflag <= 1)
-                                print_unknown_data(ndo, tptr, "\n\t    ", tlen);
-                            tptr += tlen;
-                            tlen = 0;
-                            goto done;
-                            break;
-                        }
-                    }
-               }
-               ND_PRINT((ndo, ", nh-length: %u", nhlen));
-               tptr += tlen;
-
-               ND_TCHECK(tptr[0]);
-               snpa = tptr[0];
-               tptr++;
-
-               if (snpa) {
-                       ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t    %u SNPA", snpa));
-                       for (/*nothing*/; snpa > 0; snpa--) {
-                               ND_TCHECK(tptr[0]);
-                               ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t      %d bytes", tptr[0]));
-                               tptr += tptr[0] + 1;
-                       }
-               } else {
-                       ND_PRINT((ndo, ", no SNPA"));
-                }
+        add_path4 = check_add_path(ndo, tptr, (len-ND_BYTES_BETWEEN(tptr, pptr)), 32);
+        add_path6 = check_add_path(ndo, tptr, (len-ND_BYTES_BETWEEN(tptr, pptr)), 128);
 
-               while (len - (tptr - pptr) > 0) {
-                    switch (af<<8 | safi) {
-                    case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_UNICAST):
-                    case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_MULTICAST):
-                    case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_UNIMULTICAST):
-                        advance = decode_prefix4(ndo, tptr, len, buf, sizeof(buf));
-                        if (advance == -1)
-                            ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t    (illegal prefix length)"));
-                        else if (advance == -2)
-                            goto trunc;
-                        else if (advance == -3)
-                            break; /* bytes left, but not enough */
-                        else
-                            ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t      %s", buf));
-                        break;
-                    case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_LABUNICAST):
-                        advance = decode_labeled_prefix4(ndo, tptr, len, buf, sizeof(buf));
-                        if (advance == -1)
-                            ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t    (illegal prefix length)"));
-                        else if (advance == -2)
-                            goto trunc;
-                        else if (advance == -3)
-                            break; /* bytes left, but not enough */
-                        else
-                            ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t      %s", buf));
-                        break;
-                    case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNICAST):
-                    case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNMULTICAST):
-                    case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNIMULTICAST):
-                        advance = decode_labeled_vpn_prefix4(ndo, tptr, buf, sizeof(buf));
-                        if (advance == -1)
-                            ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t    (illegal prefix length)"));
-                        else if (advance == -2)
-                            goto trunc;
-                        else
-                            ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t      %s", buf));
-                        break;
-                    case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_RT_ROUTING_INFO):
-                        advance = decode_rt_routing_info(ndo, tptr, buf, sizeof(buf));
-                        if (advance == -1)
-                            ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t    (illegal prefix length)"));
-                        else if (advance == -2)
-                            goto trunc;
-                        else
-                            ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t      %s", buf));
-                        break;
-                    case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_MULTICAST_VPN): /* fall through */
-                    case (AFNUM_INET6<<8 | SAFNUM_MULTICAST_VPN):
-                        advance = decode_multicast_vpn(ndo, tptr, buf, sizeof(buf));
-                        if (advance == -1)
-                            ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t    (illegal prefix length)"));
-                        else if (advance == -2)
-                            goto trunc;
-                        else
-                            ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t      %s", buf));
-                        break;
-
-                   case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_MDT):
-                     advance = decode_mdt_vpn_nlri(ndo, tptr, buf, sizeof(buf));
-                     if (advance == -1)
-                            ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t    (illegal prefix length)"));
-                        else if (advance == -2)
-                            goto trunc;
-                        else
-                            ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t      %s", buf));
-                      break;
-                    case (AFNUM_INET6<<8 | SAFNUM_UNICAST):
-                    case (AFNUM_INET6<<8 | SAFNUM_MULTICAST):
-                    case (AFNUM_INET6<<8 | SAFNUM_UNIMULTICAST):
-                        advance = decode_prefix6(ndo, tptr, len, buf, sizeof(buf));
-                        if (advance == -1)
-                            ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t    (illegal prefix length)"));
-                        else if (advance == -2)
-                            goto trunc;
-                        else if (advance == -3)
-                            break; /* bytes left, but not enough */
-                        else
-                            ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t      %s", buf));
-                        break;
-                    case (AFNUM_INET6<<8 | SAFNUM_LABUNICAST):
-                        advance = decode_labeled_prefix6(ndo, tptr, len, buf, sizeof(buf));
-                        if (advance == -1)
-                            ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t    (illegal prefix length)"));
-                        else if (advance == -2)
-                            goto trunc;
-                        else if (advance == -3)
-                            break; /* bytes left, but not enough */
-                        else
-                            ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t      %s", buf));
-                        break;
-                    case (AFNUM_INET6<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNICAST):
-                    case (AFNUM_INET6<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNMULTICAST):
-                    case (AFNUM_INET6<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNIMULTICAST):
-                        advance = decode_labeled_vpn_prefix6(ndo, tptr, buf, sizeof(buf));
-                        if (advance == -1)
-                            ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t    (illegal prefix length)"));
-                        else if (advance == -2)
-                            goto trunc;
-                        else
-                            ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t      %s", buf));
-                        break;
-                    case (AFNUM_VPLS<<8 | SAFNUM_VPLS):
-                    case (AFNUM_L2VPN<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNICAST):
-                    case (AFNUM_L2VPN<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNMULTICAST):
-                    case (AFNUM_L2VPN<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNIMULTICAST):
-                        advance = decode_labeled_vpn_l2(ndo, tptr, buf, sizeof(buf));
-                        if (advance == -1)
-                            ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t    (illegal length)"));
-                        else if (advance == -2)
-                            goto trunc;
-                        else
-                            ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t      %s", buf));
-                        break;
-                    case (AFNUM_NSAP<<8 | SAFNUM_UNICAST):
-                    case (AFNUM_NSAP<<8 | SAFNUM_MULTICAST):
-                    case (AFNUM_NSAP<<8 | SAFNUM_UNIMULTICAST):
-                        advance = decode_clnp_prefix(ndo, tptr, buf, sizeof(buf));
-                        if (advance == -1)
-                            ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t    (illegal prefix length)"));
-                        else if (advance == -2)
-                            goto trunc;
-                        else
-                            ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t      %s", buf));
-                        break;
-                    case (AFNUM_NSAP<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNICAST):
-                    case (AFNUM_NSAP<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNMULTICAST):
-                    case (AFNUM_NSAP<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNIMULTICAST):
-                        advance = decode_labeled_vpn_clnp_prefix(ndo, tptr, buf, sizeof(buf));
-                        if (advance == -1)
-                            ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t    (illegal prefix length)"));
-                        else if (advance == -2)
-                            goto trunc;
-                        else
-                            ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t      %s", buf));
-                        break;
-                    default:
-                        ND_TCHECK2(*tptr,tlen);
-                        ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t    no AFI %u / SAFI %u decoder", af, safi));
-                        if (ndo->ndo_vflag <= 1)
-                            print_unknown_data(ndo, tptr, "\n\t    ", tlen);
-                        advance = 0;
-                        tptr = pptr + len;
-                        break;
-                    }
-                    if (advance < 0)
-                        break;
-                    tptr += advance;
-               }
-        done:
-               break;
-
-       case BGPTYPE_MP_UNREACH_NLRI:
-               ND_TCHECK2(tptr[0], BGP_MP_NLRI_MINSIZE);
-               af = EXTRACT_16BITS(tptr);
-               safi = tptr[2];
-
-                ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t    AFI: %s (%u), %sSAFI: %s (%u)",
-                       tok2str(af_values, "Unknown AFI", af),
-                       af,
-                       (safi>128) ? "vendor specific " : "", /* 128 is meanwhile wellknown */
-                       tok2str(bgp_safi_values, "Unknown SAFI", safi),
-                       safi));
-
-                if (len == BGP_MP_NLRI_MINSIZE)
-                    ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t      End-of-Rib Marker (empty NLRI)"));
-
-               tptr += 3;
-
-               while (len - (tptr - pptr) > 0) {
-                    switch (af<<8 | safi) {
-                    case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_UNICAST):
-                    case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_MULTICAST):
-                    case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_UNIMULTICAST):
-                        advance = decode_prefix4(ndo, tptr, len, buf, sizeof(buf));
-                        if (advance == -1)
-                            ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t    (illegal prefix length)"));
-                        else if (advance == -2)
-                            goto trunc;
-                        else if (advance == -3)
-                            break; /* bytes left, but not enough */
-                        else
-                            ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t      %s", buf));
-                        break;
-                    case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_LABUNICAST):
-                        advance = decode_labeled_prefix4(ndo, tptr, len, buf, sizeof(buf));
-                        if (advance == -1)
-                            ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t    (illegal prefix length)"));
-                        else if (advance == -2)
-                            goto trunc;
-                        else if (advance == -3)
-                            break; /* bytes left, but not enough */
-                        else
-                            ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t      %s", buf));
-                        break;
-                    case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNICAST):
-                    case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNMULTICAST):
-                    case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNIMULTICAST):
-                        advance = decode_labeled_vpn_prefix4(ndo, tptr, buf, sizeof(buf));
-                        if (advance == -1)
-                            ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t    (illegal prefix length)"));
-                        else if (advance == -2)
-                            goto trunc;
-                        else
-                            ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t      %s", buf));
-                        break;
-                    case (AFNUM_INET6<<8 | SAFNUM_UNICAST):
-                    case (AFNUM_INET6<<8 | SAFNUM_MULTICAST):
-                    case (AFNUM_INET6<<8 | SAFNUM_UNIMULTICAST):
-                        advance = decode_prefix6(ndo, tptr, len, buf, sizeof(buf));
-                        if (advance == -1)
-                            ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t    (illegal prefix length)"));
-                        else if (advance == -2)
-                            goto trunc;
-                        else if (advance == -3)
-                            break; /* bytes left, but not enough */
-                        else
-                            ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t      %s", buf));
-                        break;
-                    case (AFNUM_INET6<<8 | SAFNUM_LABUNICAST):
-                        advance = decode_labeled_prefix6(ndo, tptr, len, buf, sizeof(buf));
-                        if (advance == -1)
-                            ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t    (illegal prefix length)"));
-                        else if (advance == -2)
-                            goto trunc;
-                        else if (advance == -3)
-                            break; /* bytes left, but not enough */
-                        else
-                            ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t      %s", buf));
-                        break;
-                    case (AFNUM_INET6<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNICAST):
-                    case (AFNUM_INET6<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNMULTICAST):
-                    case (AFNUM_INET6<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNIMULTICAST):
-                        advance = decode_labeled_vpn_prefix6(ndo, tptr, buf, sizeof(buf));
-                        if (advance == -1)
-                            ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t    (illegal prefix length)"));
-                        else if (advance == -2)
-                            goto trunc;
-                        else
-                            ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t      %s", buf));
-                        break;
-                    case (AFNUM_VPLS<<8 | SAFNUM_VPLS):
-                    case (AFNUM_L2VPN<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNICAST):
-                    case (AFNUM_L2VPN<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNMULTICAST):
-                    case (AFNUM_L2VPN<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNIMULTICAST):
-                        advance = decode_labeled_vpn_l2(ndo, tptr, buf, sizeof(buf));
-                        if (advance == -1)
-                            ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t    (illegal length)"));
-                        else if (advance == -2)
-                            goto trunc;
-                        else
-                            ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t      %s", buf));
-                        break;
-                    case (AFNUM_NSAP<<8 | SAFNUM_UNICAST):
-                    case (AFNUM_NSAP<<8 | SAFNUM_MULTICAST):
-                    case (AFNUM_NSAP<<8 | SAFNUM_UNIMULTICAST):
-                        advance = decode_clnp_prefix(ndo, tptr, buf, sizeof(buf));
-                        if (advance == -1)
-                            ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t    (illegal prefix length)"));
-                        else if (advance == -2)
-                            goto trunc;
-                        else
-                            ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t      %s", buf));
-                        break;
-                    case (AFNUM_NSAP<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNICAST):
-                    case (AFNUM_NSAP<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNMULTICAST):
-                    case (AFNUM_NSAP<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNIMULTICAST):
-                        advance = decode_labeled_vpn_clnp_prefix(ndo, tptr, buf, sizeof(buf));
-                        if (advance == -1)
-                            ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t    (illegal prefix length)"));
-                        else if (advance == -2)
-                            goto trunc;
-                        else
-                            ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t      %s", buf));
-                        break;
-                   case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_MDT):
-                     advance = decode_mdt_vpn_nlri(ndo, tptr, buf, sizeof(buf));
-                     if (advance == -1)
-                            ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t    (illegal prefix length)"));
-                        else if (advance == -2)
-                            goto trunc;
-                        else
-                            ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t      %s", buf));
-                      break;
-                    case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_MULTICAST_VPN): /* fall through */
-                    case (AFNUM_INET6<<8 | SAFNUM_MULTICAST_VPN):
-                        advance = decode_multicast_vpn(ndo, tptr, buf, sizeof(buf));
-                        if (advance == -1)
-                            ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t    (illegal prefix length)"));
-                        else if (advance == -2)
-                            goto trunc;
-                        else
-                            ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t      %s", buf));
-                        break;
-                    default:
-                        ND_TCHECK2(*(tptr-3),tlen);
-                        ND_PRINT((ndo, "no AFI %u / SAFI %u decoder", af, safi));
-                        if (ndo->ndo_vflag <= 1)
-                            print_unknown_data(ndo, tptr-3, "\n\t    ", tlen);
-                        advance = 0;
-                        tptr = pptr + len;
-                        break;
-                    }
-                    if (advance < 0)
-                        break;
-                    tptr += advance;
-               }
-               break;
-        case BGPTYPE_EXTD_COMMUNITIES:
-               if (len % 8) {
-                       ND_PRINT((ndo, "invalid len"));
-                       break;
-               }
-                while (tlen>0) {
-                    uint16_t extd_comm;
-
-                    ND_TCHECK2(tptr[0], 2);
-                    extd_comm=EXTRACT_16BITS(tptr);
-
-                   ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t    %s (0x%04x), Flags [%s]",
-                          tok2str(bgp_extd_comm_subtype_values,
-                                     "unknown extd community typecode",
-                                     extd_comm),
-                          extd_comm,
-                          bittok2str(bgp_extd_comm_flag_values, "none", extd_comm)));
-
-                    ND_TCHECK2(*(tptr+2), 6);
-                    switch(extd_comm) {
-                    case BGP_EXT_COM_RT_0:
-                    case BGP_EXT_COM_RO_0:
-                    case BGP_EXT_COM_L2VPN_RT_0:
-                        ND_PRINT((ndo, ": %u:%u (= %s)",
-                               EXTRACT_16BITS(tptr+2),
-                               EXTRACT_32BITS(tptr+4),
-                               ipaddr_string(ndo, tptr+4)));
-                        break;
-                    case BGP_EXT_COM_RT_1:
-                    case BGP_EXT_COM_RO_1:
-                    case BGP_EXT_COM_L2VPN_RT_1:
-                    case BGP_EXT_COM_VRF_RT_IMP:
-                        ND_PRINT((ndo, ": %s:%u",
-                               ipaddr_string(ndo, tptr+2),
-                               EXTRACT_16BITS(tptr+6)));
-                        break;
-                    case BGP_EXT_COM_RT_2:
-                    case BGP_EXT_COM_RO_2:
-                       ND_PRINT((ndo, ": %s:%u",
-                           as_printf(ndo, astostr, sizeof(astostr),
-                           EXTRACT_32BITS(tptr+2)), EXTRACT_16BITS(tptr+6)));
-                       break;
-                    case BGP_EXT_COM_LINKBAND:
-                       bw.i = EXTRACT_32BITS(tptr+2);
-                        ND_PRINT((ndo, ": bandwidth: %.3f Mbps",
-                               bw.f*8/1000000));
-                        break;
-                    case BGP_EXT_COM_VPN_ORIGIN:
-                    case BGP_EXT_COM_VPN_ORIGIN2:
-                    case BGP_EXT_COM_VPN_ORIGIN3:
-                    case BGP_EXT_COM_VPN_ORIGIN4:
-                    case BGP_EXT_COM_OSPF_RID:
-                    case BGP_EXT_COM_OSPF_RID2:
-                        ND_PRINT((ndo, "%s", ipaddr_string(ndo, tptr+2)));
-                        break;
-                    case BGP_EXT_COM_OSPF_RTYPE:
-                    case BGP_EXT_COM_OSPF_RTYPE2:
-                        ND_PRINT((ndo, ": area:%s, router-type:%s, metric-type:%s%s",
-                               ipaddr_string(ndo, tptr+2),
-                               tok2str(bgp_extd_comm_ospf_rtype_values,
-                                         "unknown (0x%02x)",
-                                         *(tptr+6)),
-                               (*(tptr+7) &  BGP_OSPF_RTYPE_METRIC_TYPE) ? "E2" : "",
-                               ((*(tptr+6) == BGP_OSPF_RTYPE_EXT) || (*(tptr+6) == BGP_OSPF_RTYPE_NSSA)) ? "E1" : ""));
-                        break;
-                    case BGP_EXT_COM_L2INFO:
-                        ND_PRINT((ndo, ": %s Control Flags [0x%02x]:MTU %u",
-                               tok2str(l2vpn_encaps_values,
-                                         "unknown encaps",
-                                         *(tptr+2)),
-                                       *(tptr+3),
-                               EXTRACT_16BITS(tptr+4)));
-                        break;
-                    case BGP_EXT_COM_SOURCE_AS:
-                        ND_PRINT((ndo, ": AS %u", EXTRACT_16BITS(tptr+2)));
-                        break;
-                    default:
-                        ND_TCHECK2(*tptr,8);
-                        print_unknown_data(ndo, tptr, "\n\t      ", 8);
-                        break;
-                    }
-                    tlen -=8;
-                    tptr +=8;
-                }
+        while (tptr < pptr + len) {
+            advance = bgp_nlri_print(ndo, af, safi, tptr, len, buf, sizeof(buf),
+                    add_path4, add_path6);
+            if (advance == -2)
+                goto trunc;
+            if (advance < 0)
                 break;
+            tptr += advance;
+        }
+        break;
 
-        case BGPTYPE_PMSI_TUNNEL:
-        {
-                uint8_t tunnel_type, flags;
-
-                tunnel_type = *(tptr+1);
-                flags = *tptr;
-                tlen = len;
-
-                ND_TCHECK2(tptr[0], 5);
-                ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t    Tunnel-type %s (%u), Flags [%s], MPLS Label %u",
-                       tok2str(bgp_pmsi_tunnel_values, "Unknown", tunnel_type),
-                       tunnel_type,
-                       bittok2str(bgp_pmsi_flag_values, "none", flags),
-                       EXTRACT_24BITS(tptr+2)>>4));
-
-                tptr +=5;
-                tlen -= 5;
-
-                switch (tunnel_type) {
-                case BGP_PMSI_TUNNEL_PIM_SM: /* fall through */
-                case BGP_PMSI_TUNNEL_PIM_BIDIR:
-                    ND_TCHECK2(tptr[0], 8);
-                    ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t      Sender %s, P-Group %s",
-                           ipaddr_string(ndo, tptr),
-                           ipaddr_string(ndo, tptr+4)));
-                    break;
+    case BGPTYPE_MP_UNREACH_NLRI:
+        ND_TCHECK_LEN(tptr, BGP_MP_NLRI_MINSIZE);
+       ret = bgp_mp_af_print(ndo, tptr, tlen, &af, &safi);
+       if (ret == -2)
+           goto trunc;
+       if (ret < 0)
+           break;
 
-                case BGP_PMSI_TUNNEL_PIM_SSM:
-                    ND_TCHECK2(tptr[0], 8);
-                    ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t      Root-Node %s, P-Group %s",
-                           ipaddr_string(ndo, tptr),
-                           ipaddr_string(ndo, tptr+4)));
-                    break;
-                case BGP_PMSI_TUNNEL_INGRESS:
-                    ND_TCHECK2(tptr[0], 4);
-                    ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t      Tunnel-Endpoint %s",
-                           ipaddr_string(ndo, tptr)));
-                    break;
-                case BGP_PMSI_TUNNEL_LDP_P2MP: /* fall through */
-                case BGP_PMSI_TUNNEL_LDP_MP2MP:
-                    ND_TCHECK2(tptr[0], 8);
-                    ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t      Root-Node %s, LSP-ID 0x%08x",
-                           ipaddr_string(ndo, tptr),
-                           EXTRACT_32BITS(tptr+4)));
-                    break;
-                case BGP_PMSI_TUNNEL_RSVP_P2MP:
-                    ND_TCHECK2(tptr[0], 8);
-                    ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t      Extended-Tunnel-ID %s, P2MP-ID 0x%08x",
-                           ipaddr_string(ndo, tptr),
-                           EXTRACT_32BITS(tptr+4)));
-                    break;
-                default:
-                    if (ndo->ndo_vflag <= 1) {
-                        print_unknown_data(ndo, tptr, "\n\t      ", tlen);
-                    }
-                }
+        if (len == BGP_MP_NLRI_MINSIZE)
+            ND_PRINT("\n\t      End-of-Rib Marker (empty NLRI)");
+
+        tptr += 3;
+
+        add_path4 = check_add_path(ndo, tptr, (len-ND_BYTES_BETWEEN(tptr, pptr)), 32);
+        add_path6 = check_add_path(ndo, tptr, (len-ND_BYTES_BETWEEN(tptr, pptr)), 128);
+
+        while (tptr < pptr + len) {
+            advance = bgp_nlri_print(ndo, af, safi, tptr, len, buf, sizeof(buf),
+                    add_path4, add_path6);
+            if (advance == -2)
+                goto trunc;
+            if (advance < 0)
                 break;
+            tptr += advance;
+        }
+        break;
+    case BGPTYPE_EXTD_COMMUNITIES:
+        if (len % 8) {
+            ND_PRINT("invalid len");
+            break;
         }
-       case BGPTYPE_AIGP:
-       {
-               uint8_t type;
-               uint16_t length;
+        while (tlen != 0) {
+            uint16_t extd_comm;
+
+            ND_TCHECK_2(tptr);
+            if (tlen < 2)
+                goto trunc;
+            extd_comm=GET_BE_U_2(tptr);
+
+            ND_PRINT("\n\t    %s (0x%04x), Flags [%s]",
+                      tok2str(bgp_extd_comm_subtype_values,
+                              "unknown extd community typecode",
+                              extd_comm),
+                      extd_comm,
+                      bittok2str(bgp_extd_comm_flag_values, "none", extd_comm));
+
+            ND_TCHECK_8(tptr);
+            if (tlen < 8)
+                goto trunc;
+            ND_PRINT(": ");
+            bgp_extended_community_print(ndo, tptr);
+            tlen -= 8;
+            tptr += 8;
+        }
+        break;
 
-               ND_TCHECK2(tptr[0], 3);
+    case BGPTYPE_PMSI_TUNNEL:
+    {
+        uint8_t tunnel_type, flags;
 
-               tlen = len;
+        ND_TCHECK_5(tptr);
+        if (tlen < 5)
+            goto trunc;
+        flags = GET_U_1(tptr);
+        tunnel_type = GET_U_1(tptr + 1);
+        tlen = len;
+
+        ND_PRINT("\n\t    Tunnel-type %s (%u), Flags [%s], MPLS Label %u",
+                  tok2str(bgp_pmsi_tunnel_values, "Unknown", tunnel_type),
+                  tunnel_type,
+                  bittok2str(bgp_pmsi_flag_values, "none", flags),
+                  GET_BE_U_3(tptr + 2)>>4);
+
+        tptr +=5;
+        tlen -= 5;
+
+        switch (tunnel_type) {
+        case BGP_PMSI_TUNNEL_PIM_SM: /* fall through */
+        case BGP_PMSI_TUNNEL_PIM_BIDIR:
+            ND_TCHECK_8(tptr);
+            ND_PRINT("\n\t      Sender %s, P-Group %s",
+                      ipaddr_string(ndo, tptr),
+                      ipaddr_string(ndo, tptr+4));
+            break;
 
-               while (tlen >= 3) {
+        case BGP_PMSI_TUNNEL_PIM_SSM:
+            ND_TCHECK_8(tptr);
+            ND_PRINT("\n\t      Root-Node %s, P-Group %s",
+                      ipaddr_string(ndo, tptr),
+                      ipaddr_string(ndo, tptr+4));
+            break;
+        case BGP_PMSI_TUNNEL_INGRESS:
+            ND_TCHECK_4(tptr);
+            ND_PRINT("\n\t      Tunnel-Endpoint %s",
+                      ipaddr_string(ndo, tptr));
+            break;
+        case BGP_PMSI_TUNNEL_LDP_P2MP: /* fall through */
+        case BGP_PMSI_TUNNEL_LDP_MP2MP:
+            ND_TCHECK_8(tptr);
+            ND_PRINT("\n\t      Root-Node %s, LSP-ID 0x%08x",
+                      ipaddr_string(ndo, tptr),
+                      GET_BE_U_4(tptr + 4));
+            break;
+        case BGP_PMSI_TUNNEL_RSVP_P2MP:
+            ND_TCHECK_8(tptr);
+            ND_PRINT("\n\t      Extended-Tunnel-ID %s, P2MP-ID 0x%08x",
+                      ipaddr_string(ndo, tptr),
+                      GET_BE_U_4(tptr + 4));
+            break;
+        default:
+            if (ndo->ndo_vflag <= 1) {
+                print_unknown_data(ndo, tptr, "\n\t      ", tlen);
+            }
+        }
+        break;
+    }
+    case BGPTYPE_AIGP:
+    {
+        uint8_t type;
+        uint16_t length;
 
-                   type = *tptr;
-                   length = EXTRACT_16BITS(tptr+1);
+        tlen = len;
 
-                   ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t    %s TLV (%u), length %u",
-                             tok2str(bgp_aigp_values, "Unknown", type),
-                             type, length));
+        while (tlen >= 3) {
 
-                   /*
-                    * Check if we can read the TLV data.
-                    */
-                   ND_TCHECK2(tptr[3], length - 3);
-
-                   switch (type) {
-
-                   case BGP_AIGP_TLV:
-                       ND_TCHECK2(tptr[3], 8);
-                       ND_PRINT((ndo, ", metric %" PRIu64,
-                                 EXTRACT_64BITS(tptr+3)));
-                       break;
-
-                   default:
-                       if (ndo->ndo_vflag <= 1) {
-                           print_unknown_data(ndo, tptr+3,"\n\t      ", length-3);
-                       }
-                   }
-
-                   tptr += length;
-                   tlen -= length;
-               }
-               break;
-       }
-        case BGPTYPE_ATTR_SET:
-                ND_TCHECK2(tptr[0], 4);
-                if (len < 4)
-                       goto trunc;
-               ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t    Origin AS: %s",
-                   as_printf(ndo, astostr, sizeof(astostr), EXTRACT_32BITS(tptr))));
-               tptr+=4;
-                len -=4;
-
-                while (len) {
-                    u_int aflags, alenlen, alen;
-
-                    ND_TCHECK2(tptr[0], 2);
-                    if (len < 2)
-                        goto trunc;
-                    aflags = *tptr;
-                    atype = *(tptr + 1);
-                    tptr += 2;
-                    len -= 2;
-                    alenlen = bgp_attr_lenlen(aflags, tptr);
-                    ND_TCHECK2(tptr[0], alenlen);
-                    if (len < alenlen)
-                        goto trunc;
-                    alen = bgp_attr_len(aflags, tptr);
-                    tptr += alenlen;
-                    len -= alenlen;
-
-                    ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t      %s (%u), length: %u",
-                           tok2str(bgp_attr_values,
-                                      "Unknown Attribute", atype),
-                           atype,
-                           alen));
-
-                    if (aflags) {
-                        ND_PRINT((ndo, ", Flags [%s%s%s%s",
-                               aflags & 0x80 ? "O" : "",
-                               aflags & 0x40 ? "T" : "",
-                               aflags & 0x20 ? "P" : "",
-                               aflags & 0x10 ? "E" : ""));
-                        if (aflags & 0xf)
-                            ND_PRINT((ndo, "+%x", aflags & 0xf));
-                        ND_PRINT((ndo, "]: "));
-                    }
-                    /* FIXME check for recursion */
-                    if (!bgp_attr_print(ndo, atype, tptr, alen))
-                        return 0;
-                    tptr += alen;
-                    len -= alen;
-               }
+            ND_TCHECK_3(tptr);
+
+            type = GET_U_1(tptr);
+            length = GET_BE_U_2(tptr + 1);
+            tptr += 3;
+            tlen -= 3;
+
+            ND_PRINT("\n\t    %s TLV (%u), length %u",
+                      tok2str(bgp_aigp_values, "Unknown", type),
+                      type, length);
+
+            if (length < 3)
+                goto trunc;
+            length -= 3;
+
+            /*
+             * Check if we can read the TLV data.
+             */
+            ND_TCHECK_LEN(tptr + 3, length);
+            if (tlen < length)
+                goto trunc;
+
+            switch (type) {
+
+            case BGP_AIGP_TLV:
+                if (length < 8)
+                    goto trunc;
+                ND_PRINT(", metric %" PRIu64,
+                          GET_BE_U_8(tptr));
                 break;
 
-       case BGPTYPE_LARGE_COMMUNITY:
-               if (len == 0 || len % 12) {
-                       ND_PRINT((ndo, "invalid len"));
-                       break;
-               }
-               ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t    "));
-               while (len > 0) {
-                       ND_TCHECK2(*tptr, 12);
-                       ND_PRINT((ndo, "%u:%u:%u%s",
-                                EXTRACT_32BITS(tptr),
-                                EXTRACT_32BITS(tptr + 4),
-                                EXTRACT_32BITS(tptr + 8),
-                                (len > 12) ? ", " : ""));
-                        tptr += 12;
-                        len -= 12;
-               }
-               break;
-       default:
-           ND_TCHECK2(*pptr,len);
-            ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t    no Attribute %u decoder", atype)); /* we have no decoder for the attribute */
-            if (ndo->ndo_vflag <= 1)
-                print_unknown_data(ndo, pptr, "\n\t    ", len);
+            default:
+                if (ndo->ndo_vflag <= 1) {
+                    print_unknown_data(ndo, tptr,"\n\t      ", length);
+                }
+            }
+
+            tptr += length;
+            tlen -= length;
+        }
+        break;
+    }
+    case BGPTYPE_ATTR_SET:
+        ND_TCHECK_4(tptr);
+        if (len < 4)
+            goto trunc;
+        ND_PRINT("\n\t    Origin AS: %s",
+                  as_printf(ndo, astostr, sizeof(astostr), GET_BE_U_4(tptr)));
+        tptr += 4;
+        len -= 4;
+
+        while (len) {
+            u_int aflags, alenlen, alen;
+
+            ND_TCHECK_2(tptr);
+            if (len < 2) {
+                ND_PRINT(" [path attr too short]");
+                tptr += len;
+                break;
+            }
+            aflags = GET_U_1(tptr);
+            atype = GET_U_1(tptr + 1);
+            tptr += 2;
+            len -= 2;
+            alenlen = bgp_attr_lenlen(aflags, tptr);
+            ND_TCHECK_LEN(tptr, alenlen);
+            if (len < alenlen) {
+                ND_PRINT(" [path attr too short]");
+                tptr += len;
+                break;
+            }
+            alen = bgp_attr_len(aflags, tptr);
+            tptr += alenlen;
+            len -= alenlen;
+
+            ND_PRINT("\n\t      %s (%u), length: %u",
+                      tok2str(bgp_attr_values,
+                              "Unknown Attribute", atype),
+                      atype,
+                      alen);
+
+            if (aflags) {
+                ND_PRINT(", Flags [%s%s%s%s",
+                          aflags & 0x80 ? "O" : "",
+                          aflags & 0x40 ? "T" : "",
+                          aflags & 0x20 ? "P" : "",
+                          aflags & 0x10 ? "E" : "");
+                if (aflags & 0xf)
+                    ND_PRINT("+%x", aflags & 0xf);
+                ND_PRINT("]");
+            }
+            ND_PRINT(": ");
+            if (len < alen) {
+                ND_PRINT(" [path attr too short]");
+                tptr += len;
+                break;
+            }
+            /*
+             * The protocol encoding per se allows ATTR_SET to be nested
+             * as many times as the message can accommodate. This printer
+             * used to be able to recurse into ATTR_SET contents until the
+             * stack exhaustion, but now there is a limit on that (if live
+             * protocol exchange goes that many levels deep, something is
+             * probably wrong anyway). Feel free to refine this value if
+             * you can find the spec with respective normative text.
+             */
+            if (attr_set_level == 10)
+                ND_PRINT("(too many nested levels, not recursing)");
+            else if (!bgp_attr_print(ndo, atype, tptr, alen, attr_set_level + 1))
+                return 0;
+            tptr += alen;
+            len -= alen;
+        }
+        break;
+
+    case BGPTYPE_LARGE_COMMUNITY:
+        if (len == 0 || len % 12) {
+            ND_PRINT("invalid len");
             break;
-       }
-        if (ndo->ndo_vflag > 1 && len) { /* omit zero length attributes*/
-            ND_TCHECK2(*pptr,len);
-            print_unknown_data(ndo, pptr, "\n\t    ", len);
         }
-        return 1;
+        ND_PRINT("\n\t    ");
+        while (len != 0) {
+            ND_TCHECK_LEN(tptr, 12);
+            ND_PRINT("%u:%u:%u%s",
+                      GET_BE_U_4(tptr),
+                      GET_BE_U_4(tptr + 4),
+                      GET_BE_U_4(tptr + 8),
+                      (len > 12) ? ", " : "");
+            tptr += 12;
+            /*
+             * len will always be a multiple of 12, as per the above,
+             * so this will never underflow.
+             */
+            len -= 12;
+        }
+        break;
+    default:
+        ND_TCHECK_LEN(pptr, len);
+        ND_PRINT("\n\t    no Attribute %u decoder", atype); /* we have no decoder for the attribute */
+        if (ndo->ndo_vflag <= 1)
+            print_unknown_data(ndo, pptr, "\n\t    ", len);
+        break;
+    }
+done:
+    if (ndo->ndo_vflag > 1 && len) { /* omit zero length attributes*/
+        ND_TCHECK_LEN(pptr, len);
+        print_unknown_data(ndo, pptr, "\n\t    ", len);
+    }
+    return 1;
 
 trunc:
-        return 0;
+    return 0;
 }
 
 static void
 bgp_capabilities_print(netdissect_options *ndo,
-                       const u_char *opt, int caps_len)
+                       const u_char *opt, u_int caps_len)
 {
-       int cap_type, cap_len, tcap_len, cap_offset;
-        int i = 0;
-
-        while (i < caps_len) {
-                ND_TCHECK2(opt[i], BGP_CAP_HEADER_SIZE);
-                cap_type=opt[i];
-                cap_len=opt[i+1];
-                tcap_len=cap_len;
-                ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t      %s (%u), length: %u",
-                       tok2str(bgp_capcode_values, "Unknown",
-                                  cap_type),
-                       cap_type,
-                       cap_len));
-                ND_TCHECK2(opt[i+2], cap_len);
-                switch (cap_type) {
-                case BGP_CAPCODE_MP:
-                    ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t\tAFI %s (%u), SAFI %s (%u)",
-                           tok2str(af_values, "Unknown",
-                                      EXTRACT_16BITS(opt+i+2)),
-                           EXTRACT_16BITS(opt+i+2),
-                           tok2str(bgp_safi_values, "Unknown",
-                                      opt[i+5]),
-                           opt[i+5]));
-                    break;
-                case BGP_CAPCODE_RESTART:
-                    ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t\tRestart Flags: [%s], Restart Time %us",
-                           ((opt[i+2])&0x80) ? "R" : "none",
-                           EXTRACT_16BITS(opt+i+2)&0xfff));
-                    tcap_len-=2;
-                    cap_offset=4;
-                    while(tcap_len>=4) {
-                        ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t\t  AFI %s (%u), SAFI %s (%u), Forwarding state preserved: %s",
-                               tok2str(af_values,"Unknown",
-                                          EXTRACT_16BITS(opt+i+cap_offset)),
-                               EXTRACT_16BITS(opt+i+cap_offset),
-                               tok2str(bgp_safi_values,"Unknown",
-                                          opt[i+cap_offset+2]),
-                               opt[i+cap_offset+2],
-                               ((opt[i+cap_offset+3])&0x80) ? "yes" : "no" ));
-                        tcap_len-=4;
-                        cap_offset+=4;
-                    }
-                    break;
-                case BGP_CAPCODE_RR:
-                case BGP_CAPCODE_RR_CISCO:
-                    break;
-                case BGP_CAPCODE_AS_NEW:
-
-                    /*
-                     * Extract the 4 byte AS number encoded.
-                     */
-                    if (cap_len == 4) {
-                        ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t\t 4 Byte AS %s",
-                            as_printf(ndo, astostr, sizeof(astostr),
-                            EXTRACT_32BITS(opt + i + 2))));
-                    }
-                    break;
-                case BGP_CAPCODE_ADD_PATH:
-                    cap_offset=2;
-                    if (tcap_len == 0) {
-                        ND_PRINT((ndo, " (bogus)")); /* length */
-                        break;
-                    }
-                    while (tcap_len > 0) {
-                        if (tcap_len < 4) {
-                            ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t\t(invalid)"));
-                            break;
-                        }
-                        ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t\tAFI %s (%u), SAFI %s (%u), Send/Receive: %s",
-                                  tok2str(af_values,"Unknown",EXTRACT_16BITS(opt+i+cap_offset)),
-                                  EXTRACT_16BITS(opt+i+cap_offset),
-                                  tok2str(bgp_safi_values,"Unknown",opt[i+cap_offset+2]),
-                                  opt[i+cap_offset+2],
-                                  tok2str(bgp_add_path_recvsend,"Bogus (0x%02x)",opt[i+cap_offset+3])
-                        ));
-                        tcap_len-=4;
-                        cap_offset+=4;
-                    }
-                    break;
-                default:
-                    ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t\tno decoder for Capability %u",
-                           cap_type));
-                    if (ndo->ndo_vflag <= 1)
-                        print_unknown_data(ndo, &opt[i+2], "\n\t\t", cap_len);
+    u_int cap_type, cap_len, tcap_len, cap_offset;
+    u_int i = 0;
+
+    while (i < caps_len) {
+        ND_TCHECK_LEN(opt + i, BGP_CAP_HEADER_SIZE);
+        cap_type=GET_U_1(opt + i);
+        cap_len=GET_U_1(opt + i + 1);
+        ND_PRINT("\n\t      %s (%u), length: %u",
+                  tok2str(bgp_capcode_values, "Unknown", cap_type),
+                  cap_type,
+                  cap_len);
+        ND_TCHECK_LEN(opt + 2 + i, cap_len);
+        switch (cap_type) {
+        case BGP_CAPCODE_MP:
+            /* AFI (16 bits), Reserved (8 bits), SAFI (8 bits) */
+            if (cap_len < 4) {
+                ND_PRINT(" (too short, < 4)");
+                return;
+            }
+            ND_PRINT("\n\t\tAFI %s (%u), SAFI %s (%u)",
+               tok2str(af_values, "Unknown", GET_BE_U_2(opt + i + 2)),
+               GET_BE_U_2(opt + i + 2),
+               tok2str(bgp_safi_values, "Unknown", GET_U_1(opt + i + 5)),
+               GET_U_1(opt + i + 5));
+            break;
+        case BGP_CAPCODE_ML:
+            cap_offset = 2;
+            tcap_len = cap_len;
+            while (tcap_len >= 4) {
+                ND_PRINT( "\n\t\tAFI %s (%u), SAFI %s (%u), Count: %u",
+                       tok2str(af_values, "Unknown",
+                                  GET_BE_U_2(opt + i + cap_offset)),
+                       GET_BE_U_2(opt + i + cap_offset),
+                       tok2str(bgp_safi_values, "Unknown",
+                                  GET_U_1(opt + i + cap_offset + 2)),
+                       GET_U_1(opt + i + cap_offset + 2),
+                       GET_U_1(opt + i + cap_offset + 3));
+                tcap_len -= 4;
+                cap_offset += 4;
+            }
+            break;
+        case BGP_CAPCODE_RESTART:
+            /* Restart Flags (4 bits), Restart Time in seconds (12 bits) */
+            if (cap_len < 2) {
+                ND_PRINT(" (too short, < 2)");
+                return;
+            }
+            tcap_len=cap_len;
+            ND_PRINT("\n\t\tRestart Flags: [%s], Restart Time %us",
+                      ((GET_U_1(opt + i + 2))&0x80) ? "R" : "none",
+                      GET_BE_U_2(opt + i + 2)&0xfff);
+            tcap_len-=2;
+            cap_offset=4;
+            while(tcap_len>=4) {
+                ND_PRINT("\n\t\t  AFI %s (%u), SAFI %s (%u), Forwarding state preserved: %s",
+                          tok2str(af_values,"Unknown",
+                                  GET_BE_U_2(opt + i + cap_offset)),
+                          GET_BE_U_2(opt + i + cap_offset),
+                          tok2str(bgp_safi_values,"Unknown",
+                                  GET_U_1(opt + i + cap_offset + 2)),
+                          GET_U_1(opt + (i + cap_offset + 2)),
+                          ((GET_U_1(opt + (i + cap_offset + 3)))&0x80) ? "yes" : "no" );
+                tcap_len -= 4;
+                cap_offset += 4;
+            }
+            break;
+        case BGP_CAPCODE_RR:
+        case BGP_CAPCODE_LLGR:
+        case BGP_CAPCODE_RR_CISCO:
+            break;
+        case BGP_CAPCODE_AS_NEW:
+            /*
+             * Extract the 4 byte AS number encoded.
+             */
+            if (cap_len < 4) {
+                ND_PRINT(" (too short, < 4)");
+                return;
+            }
+            ND_PRINT("\n\t\t 4 Byte AS %s",
+                      as_printf(ndo, astostr, sizeof(astostr),
+                      GET_BE_U_4(opt + i + 2)));
+            break;
+        case BGP_CAPCODE_ADD_PATH:
+            if (cap_len == 0) {
+                ND_PRINT(" (bogus)"); /* length */
+                break;
+            }
+            tcap_len=cap_len;
+            cap_offset=2;
+            while (tcap_len != 0) {
+                if (tcap_len < 4) {
+                    nd_print_invalid(ndo);
                     break;
                 }
-                if (ndo->ndo_vflag > 1 && cap_len > 0) {
-                    print_unknown_data(ndo, &opt[i+2], "\n\t\t", cap_len);
-                }
-                i += BGP_CAP_HEADER_SIZE + cap_len;
+                ND_PRINT("\n\t\tAFI %s (%u), SAFI %s (%u), Send/Receive: %s",
+                          tok2str(af_values,"Unknown",GET_BE_U_2(opt + i + cap_offset)),
+                          GET_BE_U_2(opt + i + cap_offset),
+                          tok2str(bgp_safi_values,"Unknown",GET_U_1(opt + i + cap_offset + 2)),
+                          GET_U_1(opt + (i + cap_offset + 2)),
+                          tok2str(bgp_add_path_recvsend,"Bogus (0x%02x)",GET_U_1(opt + i + cap_offset + 3))
+                );
+                tcap_len -= 4;
+                cap_offset += 4;
+            }
+            break;
+        default:
+            ND_PRINT("\n\t\tno decoder for Capability %u",
+                      cap_type);
+            if (ndo->ndo_vflag <= 1)
+                print_unknown_data(ndo, opt + i + 2, "\n\t\t",
+                                   cap_len);
+            break;
         }
-        return;
+        if (ndo->ndo_vflag > 1 && cap_len != 0) {
+            print_unknown_data(ndo, opt + i + 2, "\n\t\t", cap_len);
+        }
+        i += BGP_CAP_HEADER_SIZE + cap_len;
+    }
+    return;
 
 trunc:
-       ND_PRINT((ndo, "[|BGP]"));
+    nd_print_trunc(ndo);
 }
 
 static void
 bgp_open_print(netdissect_options *ndo,
-               const u_char *dat, int length)
+               const u_char *dat, u_int length)
 {
-       struct bgp_open bgpo;
-       struct bgp_opt bgpopt;
-       const u_char *opt;
-       int i;
-
-       ND_TCHECK2(dat[0], BGP_OPEN_SIZE);
-       memcpy(&bgpo, dat, BGP_OPEN_SIZE);
-
-       ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t  Version %d, ", bgpo.bgpo_version));
-       ND_PRINT((ndo, "my AS %s, ",
-           as_printf(ndo, astostr, sizeof(astostr), ntohs(bgpo.bgpo_myas))));
-       ND_PRINT((ndo, "Holdtime %us, ", ntohs(bgpo.bgpo_holdtime)));
-       ND_PRINT((ndo, "ID %s", ipaddr_string(ndo, &bgpo.bgpo_id)));
-       ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t  Optional parameters, length: %u", bgpo.bgpo_optlen));
-
-        /* some little sanity checking */
-        if (length < bgpo.bgpo_optlen+BGP_OPEN_SIZE)
-            return;
-
-       /* ugly! */
-       opt = &((const struct bgp_open *)dat)->bgpo_optlen;
-       opt++;
-
-       i = 0;
-       while (i < bgpo.bgpo_optlen) {
-               ND_TCHECK2(opt[i], BGP_OPT_SIZE);
-               memcpy(&bgpopt, &opt[i], BGP_OPT_SIZE);
-               if (i + 2 + bgpopt.bgpopt_len > bgpo.bgpo_optlen) {
-                       ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t     Option %d, length: %u", bgpopt.bgpopt_type, bgpopt.bgpopt_len));
-                       break;
-               }
-
-               ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t    Option %s (%u), length: %u",
-                      tok2str(bgp_opt_values,"Unknown",
-                                 bgpopt.bgpopt_type),
-                      bgpopt.bgpopt_type,
-                      bgpopt.bgpopt_len));
-
-               /* now let's decode the options we know*/
-               switch(bgpopt.bgpopt_type) {
-
-               case BGP_OPT_CAP:
-                       bgp_capabilities_print(ndo, &opt[i+BGP_OPT_SIZE],
-                           bgpopt.bgpopt_len);
-                       break;
-
-               case BGP_OPT_AUTH:
-               default:
-                      ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t      no decoder for option %u",
-                          bgpopt.bgpopt_type));
-                      break;
-               }
-               i += BGP_OPT_SIZE + bgpopt.bgpopt_len;
-       }
-       return;
+    const struct bgp_open *bgp_open_header;
+    u_int optslen;
+    const struct bgp_opt *bgpopt;
+    const u_char *opt;
+    u_int i;
+
+    ND_TCHECK_LEN(dat, BGP_OPEN_SIZE);
+    if (length < BGP_OPEN_SIZE)
+        goto trunc;
+
+    bgp_open_header = (const struct bgp_open *)dat;
+
+    ND_PRINT("\n\t  Version %u, ",
+        GET_U_1(bgp_open_header->bgpo_version));
+    ND_PRINT("my AS %s, ",
+        as_printf(ndo, astostr, sizeof(astostr), GET_BE_U_2(bgp_open_header->bgpo_myas)));
+    ND_PRINT("Holdtime %us, ",
+        GET_BE_U_2(bgp_open_header->bgpo_holdtime));
+    ND_PRINT("ID %s", ipaddr_string(ndo, bgp_open_header->bgpo_id));
+    optslen = GET_U_1(bgp_open_header->bgpo_optlen);
+    ND_PRINT("\n\t  Optional parameters, length: %u", optslen);
+
+    opt = dat + BGP_OPEN_SIZE;
+    length -= BGP_OPEN_SIZE;
+
+    i = 0;
+    while (i < optslen) {
+        uint8_t opt_type, opt_len;
+
+        ND_TCHECK_LEN(opt + i, BGP_OPT_SIZE);
+        if (length < BGP_OPT_SIZE + i)
+            goto trunc;
+        bgpopt = (const struct bgp_opt *)(opt + i);
+        opt_type = GET_U_1(bgpopt->bgpopt_type);
+        opt_len = GET_U_1(bgpopt->bgpopt_len);
+        if (BGP_OPT_SIZE + i + opt_len > optslen) {
+            ND_PRINT("\n\t     Option %u, length: %u, goes past the end of the options",
+                      opt_type, opt_len);
+            break;
+        }
+
+        ND_PRINT("\n\t    Option %s (%u), length: %u",
+                  tok2str(bgp_opt_values,"Unknown",opt_type),
+                  opt_type,
+                  opt_len);
+
+        /* now let's decode the options we know*/
+        switch(opt_type) {
+
+        case BGP_OPT_CAP:
+            bgp_capabilities_print(ndo, opt + BGP_OPT_SIZE + i,
+                                   opt_len);
+            break;
+
+        case BGP_OPT_AUTH:
+        default:
+               ND_PRINT("\n\t      no decoder for option %u",
+               opt_type);
+               break;
+        }
+        i += BGP_OPT_SIZE + opt_len;
+    }
+    return;
 trunc:
-       ND_PRINT((ndo, "[|BGP]"));
+    nd_print_trunc(ndo);
 }
 
 static void
 bgp_update_print(netdissect_options *ndo,
-                 const u_char *dat, int length)
+                 const u_char *dat, u_int length)
 {
-       struct bgp bgp;
-       const u_char *p;
-       int withdrawn_routes_len;
-       int len;
-       int i;
-
-       ND_TCHECK2(dat[0], BGP_SIZE);
-       if (length < BGP_SIZE)
-               goto trunc;
-       memcpy(&bgp, dat, BGP_SIZE);
-       p = dat + BGP_SIZE;     /*XXX*/
-       length -= BGP_SIZE;
-
-       /* Unfeasible routes */
-       ND_TCHECK2(p[0], 2);
-       if (length < 2)
-               goto trunc;
-       withdrawn_routes_len = EXTRACT_16BITS(p);
-       p += 2;
-       length -= 2;
-       if (withdrawn_routes_len) {
-               /*
-                * Without keeping state from the original NLRI message,
-                * it's not possible to tell if this a v4 or v6 route,
-                * so only try to decode it if we're not v6 enabled.
-                */
-               ND_TCHECK2(p[0], withdrawn_routes_len);
-               if (length < withdrawn_routes_len)
-                       goto trunc;
-               ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t  Withdrawn routes: %d bytes", withdrawn_routes_len));
-               p += withdrawn_routes_len;
-               length -= withdrawn_routes_len;
-       }
-
-       ND_TCHECK2(p[0], 2);
-       if (length < 2)
-               goto trunc;
-       len = EXTRACT_16BITS(p);
-       p += 2;
-       length -= 2;
-
-        if (withdrawn_routes_len == 0 && len == 0 && length == 0) {
-            /* No withdrawn routes, no path attributes, no NLRI */
-            ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t  End-of-Rib Marker (empty NLRI)"));
-            return;
+    const u_char *p;
+    u_int withdrawn_routes_len;
+    char buf[MAXHOSTNAMELEN + 100];
+    int wpfx;
+    u_int len;
+    int i;
+    int add_path;
+    u_int path_id = 0;
+
+    ND_TCHECK_LEN(dat, BGP_SIZE);
+    if (length < BGP_SIZE)
+        goto trunc;
+    p = dat + BGP_SIZE;
+    length -= BGP_SIZE;
+
+    /* Unfeasible routes */
+    ND_TCHECK_2(p);
+    if (length < 2)
+        goto trunc;
+    withdrawn_routes_len = GET_BE_U_2(p);
+    p += 2;
+    length -= 2;
+    if (withdrawn_routes_len > 1) {
+        /*
+         * Without keeping state from the original NLRI message,
+         * it's not possible to tell if this a v4 or v6 route,
+         * so only try to decode it if we're not v6 enabled.
+         */
+        ND_TCHECK_LEN(p, withdrawn_routes_len);
+        if (length < withdrawn_routes_len)
+            goto trunc;
+        ND_PRINT("\n\t  Withdrawn routes:");
+        add_path = check_add_path(ndo, p, withdrawn_routes_len, 32);
+        while (withdrawn_routes_len != 0) {
+            if (add_path) {
+                if (withdrawn_routes_len < 4) {
+                    p += withdrawn_routes_len;
+                    length -= withdrawn_routes_len;
+                    break;
+                }
+                path_id = GET_BE_U_4(p);
+                p += 4;
+                length -= 4;
+                withdrawn_routes_len -= 4;
+            }
+            wpfx = decode_prefix4(ndo, p, withdrawn_routes_len, buf, sizeof(buf));
+            if (wpfx == -1) {
+                ND_PRINT("\n\t    (illegal prefix length)");
+                break;
+            } else if (wpfx == -2)
+                goto trunc;
+            else if (wpfx == -3)
+                goto trunc; /* bytes left, but not enough */
+            else {
+                ND_PRINT("\n\t    %s", buf);
+                if (add_path) {
+                    ND_PRINT("   Path Id: %u", path_id);
+                }
+                p += wpfx;
+                length -= wpfx;
+                withdrawn_routes_len -= wpfx;
+            }
         }
+    } else {
+        ND_TCHECK_LEN(p, withdrawn_routes_len);
+        if (length < withdrawn_routes_len)
+            goto trunc;
+        p += withdrawn_routes_len;
+        length -= withdrawn_routes_len;
+    }
 
-       if (len) {
-               /* do something more useful!*/
-               while (len) {
-                       int aflags, atype, alenlen, alen;
-
-                       ND_TCHECK2(p[0], 2);
-                       if (len < 2)
-                           goto trunc;
-                       if (length < 2)
-                           goto trunc;
-                       aflags = *p;
-                       atype = *(p + 1);
-                       p += 2;
-                       len -= 2;
-                       length -= 2;
-                       alenlen = bgp_attr_lenlen(aflags, p);
-                       ND_TCHECK2(p[0], alenlen);
-                       if (len < alenlen)
-                           goto trunc;
-                       if (length < alenlen)
-                           goto trunc;
-                       alen = bgp_attr_len(aflags, p);
-                       p += alenlen;
-                       len -= alenlen;
-                       length -= alenlen;
-
-                       ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t  %s (%u), length: %u",
-                              tok2str(bgp_attr_values, "Unknown Attribute",
-                                        atype),
-                              atype,
-                              alen));
-
-                       if (aflags) {
-                               ND_PRINT((ndo, ", Flags [%s%s%s%s",
-                                       aflags & 0x80 ? "O" : "",
-                                       aflags & 0x40 ? "T" : "",
-                                       aflags & 0x20 ? "P" : "",
-                                       aflags & 0x10 ? "E" : ""));
-                               if (aflags & 0xf)
-                                       ND_PRINT((ndo, "+%x", aflags & 0xf));
-                               ND_PRINT((ndo, "]: "));
-                       }
-                       if (len < alen)
-                               goto trunc;
-                       if (length < alen)
-                               goto trunc;
-                       if (!bgp_attr_print(ndo, atype, p, alen))
-                               goto trunc;
-                       p += alen;
-                       len -= alen;
-                       length -= alen;
-               }
-       }
+    ND_TCHECK_2(p);
+    if (length < 2)
+        goto trunc;
+    len = GET_BE_U_2(p);
+    p += 2;
+    length -= 2;
 
-       if (length) {
-               /*
-                * XXX - what if they're using the "Advertisement of
-                * Multiple Paths in BGP" feature:
-                *
-                * https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-ietf-idr-add-paths/
-                *
-                * http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-idr-add-paths-06
-                */
-               ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t  Updated routes:"));
-               while (length) {
-                       char buf[MAXHOSTNAMELEN + 100];
-                       i = decode_prefix4(ndo, p, length, buf, sizeof(buf));
-                       if (i == -1) {
-                               ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t    (illegal prefix length)"));
-                               break;
-                       } else if (i == -2)
-                               goto trunc;
-                       else if (i == -3)
-                               goto trunc; /* bytes left, but not enough */
-                       else {
-                               ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t    %s", buf));
-                               p += i;
-                               length -= i;
-                       }
-               }
-       }
-       return;
+    if (withdrawn_routes_len == 0 && len == 0 && length == 0) {
+        /* No withdrawn routes, no path attributes, no NLRI */
+        ND_PRINT("\n\t  End-of-Rib Marker (empty NLRI)");
+        return;
+    }
+
+    if (len) {
+        /* do something more useful!*/
+        while (len) {
+            uint8_t aflags, atype, alenlen;
+            uint16_t alen;
+
+            ND_TCHECK_2(p);
+            if (length < 2)
+                goto trunc;
+            if (len < 2) {
+                ND_PRINT("\n\t  [path attrs too short]");
+                p += len;
+                length -= len;
+                break;
+            }
+            aflags = GET_U_1(p);
+            atype = GET_U_1(p + 1);
+            p += 2;
+            len -= 2;
+            length -= 2;
+            alenlen = bgp_attr_lenlen(aflags, p);
+            ND_TCHECK_LEN(p, alenlen);
+            if (length < alenlen)
+                goto trunc;
+            if (len < alenlen) {
+                ND_PRINT("\n\t  [path attrs too short]");
+                p += len;
+                length -= len;
+                break;
+            }
+            alen = bgp_attr_len(aflags, p);
+            p += alenlen;
+            len -= alenlen;
+            length -= alenlen;
+
+            ND_PRINT("\n\t  %s (%u), length: %u",
+                      tok2str(bgp_attr_values, "Unknown Attribute", atype),
+                      atype,
+                      alen);
+
+            if (aflags) {
+                ND_PRINT(", Flags [%s%s%s%s",
+                          aflags & 0x80 ? "O" : "",
+                          aflags & 0x40 ? "T" : "",
+                          aflags & 0x20 ? "P" : "",
+                          aflags & 0x10 ? "E" : "");
+                if (aflags & 0xf)
+                    ND_PRINT("+%x", aflags & 0xf);
+                ND_PRINT("]: ");
+            }
+            if (len < alen) {
+                ND_PRINT(" [path attrs too short]");
+                p += len;
+                length -= len;
+                break;
+            }
+            if (length < alen)
+                goto trunc;
+            if (!bgp_attr_print(ndo, atype, p, alen, 0))
+                goto trunc;
+            p += alen;
+            len -= alen;
+            length -= alen;
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (length) {
+        add_path = check_add_path(ndo, p, length, 32);
+        ND_PRINT("\n\t  Updated routes:");
+        while (length != 0) {
+            if (add_path) {
+                ND_TCHECK_4(p);
+                if (length < 4)
+                    goto trunc;
+                path_id = GET_BE_U_4(p);
+                p += 4;
+                length -= 4;
+            }
+            i = decode_prefix4(ndo, p, length, buf, sizeof(buf));
+            if (i == -1) {
+                ND_PRINT("\n\t    (illegal prefix length)");
+                break;
+            } else if (i == -2)
+                goto trunc;
+            else if (i == -3)
+                goto trunc; /* bytes left, but not enough */
+            else {
+                ND_PRINT("\n\t    %s", buf);
+                if (add_path) {
+                    ND_PRINT("   Path Id: %u", path_id);
+                }
+                p += i;
+                length -= i;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    return;
 trunc:
-       ND_PRINT((ndo, "[|BGP]"));
+    nd_print_trunc(ndo);
 }
 
 static void
 bgp_notification_print(netdissect_options *ndo,
-                       const u_char *dat, int length)
+                       const u_char *dat, u_int length)
 {
-       struct bgp_notification bgpn;
-       const u_char *tptr;
-       uint8_t shutdown_comm_length;
-       uint8_t remainder_offset;
-
-       ND_TCHECK2(dat[0], BGP_NOTIFICATION_SIZE);
-       memcpy(&bgpn, dat, BGP_NOTIFICATION_SIZE);
-
-        /* some little sanity checking */
-        if (length<BGP_NOTIFICATION_SIZE)
-            return;
-
-       ND_PRINT((ndo, ", %s (%u)",
-              tok2str(bgp_notify_major_values, "Unknown Error",
-                         bgpn.bgpn_major),
-              bgpn.bgpn_major));
-
-        switch (bgpn.bgpn_major) {
-
-        case BGP_NOTIFY_MAJOR_MSG:
-            ND_PRINT((ndo, ", subcode %s (%u)",
-                  tok2str(bgp_notify_minor_msg_values, "Unknown",
-                             bgpn.bgpn_minor),
-                  bgpn.bgpn_minor));
-            break;
-        case BGP_NOTIFY_MAJOR_OPEN:
-            ND_PRINT((ndo, ", subcode %s (%u)",
-                  tok2str(bgp_notify_minor_open_values, "Unknown",
-                             bgpn.bgpn_minor),
-                  bgpn.bgpn_minor));
-            break;
-        case BGP_NOTIFY_MAJOR_UPDATE:
-            ND_PRINT((ndo, ", subcode %s (%u)",
-                  tok2str(bgp_notify_minor_update_values, "Unknown",
-                             bgpn.bgpn_minor),
-                  bgpn.bgpn_minor));
-            break;
-        case BGP_NOTIFY_MAJOR_FSM:
-            ND_PRINT((ndo, " subcode %s (%u)",
-                  tok2str(bgp_notify_minor_fsm_values, "Unknown",
-                             bgpn.bgpn_minor),
-                  bgpn.bgpn_minor));
-            break;
-        case BGP_NOTIFY_MAJOR_CAP:
-            ND_PRINT((ndo, " subcode %s (%u)",
-                  tok2str(bgp_notify_minor_cap_values, "Unknown",
-                             bgpn.bgpn_minor),
-                  bgpn.bgpn_minor));
-            break;
-        case BGP_NOTIFY_MAJOR_CEASE:
-            ND_PRINT((ndo, ", subcode %s (%u)",
-                  tok2str(bgp_notify_minor_cease_values, "Unknown",
-                             bgpn.bgpn_minor),
-                  bgpn.bgpn_minor));
-
-           /* draft-ietf-idr-cease-subcode-02 mentions optionally 7 bytes
-             * for the maxprefix subtype, which may contain AFI, SAFI and MAXPREFIXES
-             */
-           if(bgpn.bgpn_minor == BGP_NOTIFY_MINOR_CEASE_MAXPRFX && length >= BGP_NOTIFICATION_SIZE + 7) {
-               tptr = dat + BGP_NOTIFICATION_SIZE;
-               ND_TCHECK2(*tptr, 7);
-               ND_PRINT((ndo, ", AFI %s (%u), SAFI %s (%u), Max Prefixes: %u",
-                      tok2str(af_values, "Unknown",
-                                 EXTRACT_16BITS(tptr)),
-                      EXTRACT_16BITS(tptr),
-                      tok2str(bgp_safi_values, "Unknown", *(tptr+2)),
-                      *(tptr+2),
-                      EXTRACT_32BITS(tptr+3)));
-           }
-           /*
-            * draft-ietf-idr-shutdown describes a method to send a communication
-            * intended for human consumption regarding the Administrative Shutdown
-            */
-           if ((bgpn.bgpn_minor == BGP_NOTIFY_MINOR_CEASE_SHUT ||
-               bgpn.bgpn_minor == BGP_NOTIFY_MINOR_CEASE_RESET) &&
-               length >= BGP_NOTIFICATION_SIZE + 1) {
-                   tptr = dat + BGP_NOTIFICATION_SIZE;
-                   ND_TCHECK2(*tptr, 1);
-                   shutdown_comm_length = *(tptr);
-                   remainder_offset = 0;
-                   /* garbage, hexdump it all */
-                   if (shutdown_comm_length > BGP_NOTIFY_MINOR_CEASE_ADMIN_SHUTDOWN_LEN ||
-                       shutdown_comm_length > length - (BGP_NOTIFICATION_SIZE + 1)) {
-                           ND_PRINT((ndo, ", invalid Shutdown Communication length"));
-                   }
-                   else if (shutdown_comm_length == 0) {
-                           ND_PRINT((ndo, ", empty Shutdown Communication"));
-                           remainder_offset += 1;
-                   }
-                   /* a proper shutdown communication */
-                   else {
-                           ND_TCHECK2(*(tptr+1), shutdown_comm_length);
-                           ND_PRINT((ndo, ", Shutdown Communication (length: %u): \"", shutdown_comm_length));
-                           (void)fn_printn(ndo, tptr+1, shutdown_comm_length, NULL);
-                           ND_PRINT((ndo, "\""));
-                           remainder_offset += shutdown_comm_length + 1;
-                   }
-                   /* if there is trailing data, hexdump it */
-                   if(length - (remainder_offset + BGP_NOTIFICATION_SIZE) > 0) {
-                           ND_PRINT((ndo, ", Data: (length: %u)", length - (remainder_offset + BGP_NOTIFICATION_SIZE)));
-                           hex_print(ndo, "\n\t\t", tptr + remainder_offset, length - (remainder_offset + BGP_NOTIFICATION_SIZE));
-                   }
-           }
-           break;
-       default:
-            break;
+    const struct bgp_notification *bgp_notification_header;
+    const u_char *tptr;
+    uint8_t bgpn_major, bgpn_minor;
+    uint8_t shutdown_comm_length;
+    uint8_t remainder_offset;
+
+    ND_TCHECK_LEN(dat, BGP_NOTIFICATION_SIZE);
+    if (length<BGP_NOTIFICATION_SIZE)
+        return;
+
+    bgp_notification_header = (const struct bgp_notification *)dat;
+    bgpn_major = GET_U_1(bgp_notification_header->bgpn_major);
+    bgpn_minor = GET_U_1(bgp_notification_header->bgpn_minor);
+
+    ND_PRINT(", %s (%u)",
+              tok2str(bgp_notify_major_values, "Unknown Error",
+                      bgpn_major),
+              bgpn_major);
+
+    switch (bgpn_major) {
+
+    case BGP_NOTIFY_MAJOR_MSG:
+        ND_PRINT(", subcode %s (%u)",
+                  tok2str(bgp_notify_minor_msg_values, "Unknown",
+                          bgpn_minor),
+                  bgpn_minor);
+        break;
+    case BGP_NOTIFY_MAJOR_OPEN:
+        ND_PRINT(", subcode %s (%u)",
+                  tok2str(bgp_notify_minor_open_values, "Unknown",
+                          bgpn_minor),
+                  bgpn_minor);
+        break;
+    case BGP_NOTIFY_MAJOR_UPDATE:
+        ND_PRINT(", subcode %s (%u)",
+                  tok2str(bgp_notify_minor_update_values, "Unknown",
+                          bgpn_minor),
+                  bgpn_minor);
+        break;
+    case BGP_NOTIFY_MAJOR_FSM:
+        ND_PRINT(" subcode %s (%u)",
+                  tok2str(bgp_notify_minor_fsm_values, "Unknown",
+                          bgpn_minor),
+                  bgpn_minor);
+        break;
+    case BGP_NOTIFY_MAJOR_CAP:
+        ND_PRINT(" subcode %s (%u)",
+                  tok2str(bgp_notify_minor_cap_values, "Unknown",
+                          bgpn_minor),
+                  bgpn_minor);
+        break;
+    case BGP_NOTIFY_MAJOR_CEASE:
+        ND_PRINT(", subcode %s (%u)",
+                  tok2str(bgp_notify_minor_cease_values, "Unknown",
+                          bgpn_minor),
+                  bgpn_minor);
+
+        /* draft-ietf-idr-cease-subcode-02 mentions optionally 7 bytes
+         * for the maxprefix subtype, which may contain AFI, SAFI and MAXPREFIXES
+         */
+        if(bgpn_minor == BGP_NOTIFY_MINOR_CEASE_MAXPRFX && length >= BGP_NOTIFICATION_SIZE + 7) {
+            tptr = dat + BGP_NOTIFICATION_SIZE;
+            ND_TCHECK_7(tptr);
+            ND_PRINT(", AFI %s (%u), SAFI %s (%u), Max Prefixes: %u",
+                      tok2str(af_values, "Unknown", GET_BE_U_2(tptr)),
+                      GET_BE_U_2(tptr),
+                      tok2str(bgp_safi_values, "Unknown", GET_U_1((tptr + 2))),
+                      GET_U_1((tptr + 2)),
+                      GET_BE_U_4(tptr + 3));
+        }
+        /*
+         * draft-ietf-idr-shutdown describes a method to send a communication
+         * intended for human consumption regarding the Administrative Shutdown
+         */
+        if ((bgpn_minor == BGP_NOTIFY_MINOR_CEASE_SHUT ||
+             bgpn_minor == BGP_NOTIFY_MINOR_CEASE_RESET) &&
+             length >= BGP_NOTIFICATION_SIZE + 1) {
+            tptr = dat + BGP_NOTIFICATION_SIZE;
+            ND_TCHECK_1(tptr);
+            shutdown_comm_length = GET_U_1(tptr);
+            remainder_offset = 0;
+            /* garbage, hexdump it all */
+            if (shutdown_comm_length > BGP_NOTIFY_MINOR_CEASE_ADMIN_SHUTDOWN_LEN ||
+                shutdown_comm_length > length - (BGP_NOTIFICATION_SIZE + 1)) {
+                ND_PRINT(", invalid Shutdown Communication length");
+            }
+            else if (shutdown_comm_length == 0) {
+                ND_PRINT(", empty Shutdown Communication");
+                remainder_offset += 1;
+            }
+            /* a proper shutdown communication */
+            else {
+                ND_TCHECK_LEN(tptr + 1, shutdown_comm_length);
+                ND_PRINT(", Shutdown Communication (length: %u): \"", shutdown_comm_length);
+                (void)nd_printn(ndo, tptr+1, shutdown_comm_length, NULL);
+                ND_PRINT("\"");
+                remainder_offset += shutdown_comm_length + 1;
+            }
+            /* if there is trailing data, hexdump it */
+            if(length - (remainder_offset + BGP_NOTIFICATION_SIZE) > 0) {
+                ND_PRINT(", Data: (length: %u)", length - (remainder_offset + BGP_NOTIFICATION_SIZE));
+                hex_print(ndo, "\n\t\t", tptr + remainder_offset, length - (remainder_offset + BGP_NOTIFICATION_SIZE));
+            }
         }
+        break;
+    default:
+        break;
+    }
 
-       return;
+    return;
 trunc:
-       ND_PRINT((ndo, "[|BGP]"));
+    nd_print_trunc(ndo);
 }
 
 static void
 bgp_route_refresh_print(netdissect_options *ndo,
-                        const u_char *pptr, int len)
+                        const u_char *pptr, u_int len)
 {
-        const struct bgp_route_refresh *bgp_route_refresh_header;
+    const struct bgp_route_refresh *bgp_route_refresh_header;
 
-       ND_TCHECK2(pptr[0], BGP_ROUTE_REFRESH_SIZE);
+    ND_TCHECK_LEN(pptr, BGP_ROUTE_REFRESH_SIZE);
 
-        /* some little sanity checking */
-        if (len<BGP_ROUTE_REFRESH_SIZE)
-            return;
+    /* some little sanity checking */
+    if (len<BGP_ROUTE_REFRESH_SIZE)
+        return;
 
-        bgp_route_refresh_header = (const struct bgp_route_refresh *)pptr;
+    bgp_route_refresh_header = (const struct bgp_route_refresh *)pptr;
 
-        ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t  AFI %s (%u), SAFI %s (%u)",
-               tok2str(af_values,"Unknown",
-                         /* this stinks but the compiler pads the structure
-                          * weird */
-                         EXTRACT_16BITS(&bgp_route_refresh_header->afi)),
-               EXTRACT_16BITS(&bgp_route_refresh_header->afi),
-               tok2str(bgp_safi_values,"Unknown",
-                         bgp_route_refresh_header->safi),
-               bgp_route_refresh_header->safi));
+    ND_PRINT("\n\t  AFI %s (%u), SAFI %s (%u)",
+              tok2str(af_values,"Unknown",
+                      GET_BE_U_2(bgp_route_refresh_header->afi)),
+              GET_BE_U_2(bgp_route_refresh_header->afi),
+              tok2str(bgp_safi_values,"Unknown",
+                      GET_U_1(bgp_route_refresh_header->safi)),
+              GET_U_1(bgp_route_refresh_header->safi));
 
-        if (ndo->ndo_vflag > 1) {
-            ND_TCHECK2(*pptr, len);
-            print_unknown_data(ndo, pptr, "\n\t  ", len);
-        }
+    if (ndo->ndo_vflag > 1) {
+        ND_TCHECK_LEN(pptr, len);
+        print_unknown_data(ndo, pptr, "\n\t  ", len);
+    }
 
-        return;
+    return;
 trunc:
-       ND_PRINT((ndo, "[|BGP]"));
+    nd_print_trunc(ndo);
 }
 
 static int
-bgp_header_print(netdissect_options *ndo,
-                 const u_char *dat, int length)
+bgp_pdu_print(netdissect_options *ndo,
+              const u_char *dat, u_int length)
 {
-       struct bgp bgp;
-
-       ND_TCHECK2(dat[0], BGP_SIZE);
-       memcpy(&bgp, dat, BGP_SIZE);
-       ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t%s Message (%u), length: %u",
-               tok2str(bgp_msg_values, "Unknown", bgp.bgp_type),
-               bgp.bgp_type,
-               length));
-
-       switch (bgp.bgp_type) {
-       case BGP_OPEN:
-               bgp_open_print(ndo, dat, length);
-               break;
-       case BGP_UPDATE:
-               bgp_update_print(ndo, dat, length);
-               break;
-       case BGP_NOTIFICATION:
-               bgp_notification_print(ndo, dat, length);
-               break;
-        case BGP_KEEPALIVE:
-                break;
-        case BGP_ROUTE_REFRESH:
-                bgp_route_refresh_print(ndo, dat, length);
-                break;
-        default:
-                /* we have no decoder for the BGP message */
-                ND_TCHECK2(*dat, length);
-                ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t  no Message %u decoder", bgp.bgp_type));
-                print_unknown_data(ndo, dat, "\n\t  ", length);
-                break;
-       }
-       return 1;
+    const struct bgp *bgp_header;
+    uint8_t bgp_type;
+
+    ND_TCHECK_LEN(dat, BGP_SIZE);
+    bgp_header = (const struct bgp *)dat;
+    bgp_type = GET_U_1(bgp_header->bgp_type);
+
+    ND_PRINT("\n\t%s Message (%u), length: %u",
+              tok2str(bgp_msg_values, "Unknown", bgp_type),
+              bgp_type,
+              length);
+
+    switch (bgp_type) {
+    case BGP_OPEN:
+        bgp_open_print(ndo, dat, length);
+        break;
+    case BGP_UPDATE:
+        bgp_update_print(ndo, dat, length);
+        break;
+    case BGP_NOTIFICATION:
+        bgp_notification_print(ndo, dat, length);
+        break;
+    case BGP_KEEPALIVE:
+        break;
+    case BGP_ROUTE_REFRESH:
+        bgp_route_refresh_print(ndo, dat, length);
+        break;
+    default:
+        /* we have no decoder for the BGP message */
+        ND_TCHECK_LEN(dat, length);
+        ND_PRINT("\n\t  no Message %u decoder", bgp_type);
+        print_unknown_data(ndo, dat, "\n\t  ", length);
+        break;
+    }
+    return 1;
 trunc:
-       ND_PRINT((ndo, "[|BGP]"));
-       return 0;
+    nd_print_trunc(ndo);
+    return 0;
 }
 
 void
 bgp_print(netdissect_options *ndo,
-          const u_char *dat, int length)
+          const u_char *dat, u_int length _U_)
 {
-       const u_char *p;
-       const u_char *ep;
-       const u_char *start;
-       const u_char marker[] = {
-               0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff,
-               0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff,
-       };
-       struct bgp bgp;
-       uint16_t hlen;
-
-       ep = dat + length;
-       if (ndo->ndo_snapend < dat + length)
-               ep = ndo->ndo_snapend;
-
-       ND_PRINT((ndo, ": BGP"));
-
-        if (ndo->ndo_vflag < 1) /* lets be less chatty */
-                return;
+    const u_char *p;
+    const u_char *ep = ndo->ndo_snapend;
+    const u_char *start;
+    const u_char marker[] = {
+        0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff,
+        0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff,
+    };
+    const struct bgp *bgp_header;
+    uint16_t hlen;
+
+    ndo->ndo_protocol = "bgp";
+    ND_PRINT(": BGP");
+
+    if (ndo->ndo_vflag < 1) /* lets be less chatty */
+        return;
 
-       p = dat;
-       start = p;
-       while (p < ep) {
-               if (!ND_TTEST2(p[0], 1))
-                       break;
-               if (p[0] != 0xff) {
-                       p++;
-                       continue;
-               }
-
-               if (!ND_TTEST2(p[0], sizeof(marker)))
-                       break;
-               if (memcmp(p, marker, sizeof(marker)) != 0) {
-                       p++;
-                       continue;
-               }
-
-               /* found BGP header */
-               ND_TCHECK2(p[0], BGP_SIZE);     /*XXX*/
-               memcpy(&bgp, p, BGP_SIZE);
-
-               if (start != p)
-                       ND_PRINT((ndo, " [|BGP]"));
-
-               hlen = ntohs(bgp.bgp_len);
-               if (hlen < BGP_SIZE) {
-                       ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n[|BGP Bogus header length %u < %u]", hlen,
-                           BGP_SIZE));
-                       break;
-               }
-
-               if (ND_TTEST2(p[0], hlen)) {
-                       if (!bgp_header_print(ndo, p, hlen))
-                               return;
-                       p += hlen;
-                       start = p;
-               } else {
-                       ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n[|BGP %s]",
-                              tok2str(bgp_msg_values,
-                                         "Unknown Message Type",
-                                         bgp.bgp_type)));
-                       break;
-               }
-       }
+    p = dat;
+    start = p;
+    while (p < ep) {
+        if (!ND_TTEST_1(p))
+            break;
+        if (GET_U_1(p) != 0xff) {
+            p++;
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        if (!ND_TTEST_LEN(p, sizeof(marker)))
+            break;
+        if (memcmp(p, marker, sizeof(marker)) != 0) {
+            p++;
+            continue;
+        }
 
-       return;
+        /* found BGP header */
+        ND_TCHECK_LEN(p, BGP_SIZE);
+        bgp_header = (const struct bgp *)p;
+
+        if (start != p)
+            nd_print_trunc(ndo);
+
+        hlen = GET_BE_U_2(bgp_header->bgp_len);
+        if (hlen < BGP_SIZE) {
+            ND_PRINT("\nmessage length %u < %u", hlen, BGP_SIZE);
+            nd_print_invalid(ndo);
+            break;
+        }
+
+        if (ND_TTEST_LEN(p, hlen)) {
+            if (!bgp_pdu_print(ndo, p, hlen))
+                return;
+            p += hlen;
+            start = p;
+        } else {
+            ND_PRINT("\n[|BGP %s]",
+                      tok2str(bgp_msg_values,
+                              "Unknown Message Type",
+                              GET_U_1(bgp_header->bgp_type)));
+            break;
+        }
+    }
+
+    return;
 
 trunc:
-       ND_PRINT((ndo, " [|BGP]"));
+    nd_print_trunc(ndo);
 }
-
-/*
- * Local Variables:
- * c-style: whitesmith
- * c-basic-offset: 4
- * End:
- */