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[libpcap] / pcap-dpdk.c
index d53928f159034dd4a3eb62de30861b2df8a20b8e..76de9b769084c2aef5728db3eb0b01ee433fe374 100644 (file)
 Date: Dec 16, 2018
 
 Description:
 Date: Dec 16, 2018
 
 Description:
-1. Pcap-dpdk provides libpcap the ability to use DPDK with the device name as dpdk:[portid], such as dpdk:0.
-2. DPDK is a set of libraries and drivers for fast packet processing. (https://www.dpdk.org/) 
+1. Pcap-dpdk provides libpcap the ability to use DPDK with the device name as dpdk:{portid}, such as dpdk:0.
+2. DPDK is a set of libraries and drivers for fast packet processing. (https://www.dpdk.org/)
+3. The testprogs/capturetest provides 6.4Gbps/800,000 pps on Intel 10-Gigabit X540-AT2 with DPDK 18.11.
 
 Limitations:
 
 Limitations:
-1. By default enable_dpdk is no, unless you set inlcudes and lib dir
-by --with-dpdk-includes= --with-dpdk-libraries=
-2. Only support link libdpdk.so dynamicly, because the libdpdk.a will not work correctly.
+1. DPDK support will be on if DPDK is available. Please set DIR for --with-dpdk[=DIR] with ./configure or -DDPDK_DIR[=DIR] with cmake if DPDK is installed manually.
+2. Only support link libdpdk.so dynamically, because the libdpdk.a will not work correctly.
 3. Only support read operation, and packet injection has not been supported yet.
 3. Only support read operation, and packet injection has not been supported yet.
-4. I have tested on DPDK v18.11.
+
 Usage:
 Usage:
-1. compile DPDK as shared library and install.(https://github.com/DPDK/dpdk.git)
+1. Compile DPDK as shared library and install.(https://github.com/DPDK/dpdk.git)
 
 You shall modify the file $RTE_SDK/$RTE_TARGET/.config and set:
 CONFIG_RTE_BUILD_SHARED_LIB=y
 
 You shall modify the file $RTE_SDK/$RTE_TARGET/.config and set:
 CONFIG_RTE_BUILD_SHARED_LIB=y
+By the following command:
+sed -i 's/CONFIG_RTE_BUILD_SHARED_LIB=n/CONFIG_RTE_BUILD_SHARED_LIB=y/' $RTE_SDK/$RTE_TARGET/.config
 
 
-2. launch l2fwd that is one of DPDK examples correctly, and get device information.
+2. Launch l2fwd that is one of DPDK examples correctly, and get device information.
 
 You shall learn how to bind nic with DPDK-compatible driver by $RTE_SDK/usertools/dpdk-devbind.py, such as igb_uio.
 And enable hugepages by dpdk-setup.sh
 
 
 You shall learn how to bind nic with DPDK-compatible driver by $RTE_SDK/usertools/dpdk-devbind.py, such as igb_uio.
 And enable hugepages by dpdk-setup.sh
 
-Then launch the l2fwd with dynamic dirver support. For example:
+Then launch the l2fwd with dynamic driver support. For example:
 $RTE_SDK/examples/l2fwd/$RTE_TARGET/l2fwd -dlibrte_pmd_e1000.so -dlibrte_pmd_ixgbe.so -dlibrte_mempool_ring.so -- -p 0x1
 
 $RTE_SDK/examples/l2fwd/$RTE_TARGET/l2fwd -dlibrte_pmd_e1000.so -dlibrte_pmd_ixgbe.so -dlibrte_mempool_ring.so -- -p 0x1
 
-3. compile libpcap with dpdk options.
+3. Compile libpcap with dpdk options.
+
+If DPDK has not been found automatically, you shall export DPDK environment variable which are used for compiling DPDK. And then pass $RTE_SDK/$RTE_TARGET to --with-dpdk or -DDPDK_DIR
+
+export RTE_SDK={your DPDK base directory}
+export RTE_TARGET={your target name}
 
 
-you shall run the following command to generate a new configure
+3.1 With configure
 
 
-make clean
-autoreconf
+./configure --with-dpdk=$RTE_SDK/$RTE_TARGET && make -s all && make -s testprogs && make install
 
 
-Then, run configure with dpdk options.
-For Ubuntu, they are --with-dpdk-includes=/usr/local/include/dpdk/ --with-dpdk-libraries=/usr/local/lib
+3.2 With cmake
 
 
-4. link your own program with libpcap, and use DPDK with the device name as dpdk:{portid}, such as dpdk:0.
+mkdir -p build && cd build && cmake -DDPDK_DIR=$RTE_SDK/$RTE_TARGET ../ && make -s all && make -s testprogs && make install
+
+4. Link your own program with libpcap, and use DPDK with the device name as dpdk:{portid}, such as dpdk:0.
 And you shall set DPDK configure options by environment variable DPDK_CFG
 And you shall set DPDK configure options by environment variable DPDK_CFG
-For example, the testprogs/capturetest could be lanched by: 
+For example, the testprogs/capturetest could be launched by:
 
 env DPDK_CFG="--log-level=debug -l0 -dlibrte_pmd_e1000.so -dlibrte_pmd_ixgbe.so -dlibrte_mempool_ring.so" ./capturetest -i dpdk:0
 */
 
 
 env DPDK_CFG="--log-level=debug -l0 -dlibrte_pmd_e1000.so -dlibrte_pmd_ixgbe.so -dlibrte_mempool_ring.so" ./capturetest -i dpdk:0
 */
 
-#ifdef HAVE_CONFIG_H
 #include <config.h>
 #include <config.h>
-#endif
 
 
-#include <ctype.h>
 #include <errno.h>
 #include <netdb.h>
 #include <stdio.h>
 #include <stdlib.h>
 #include <string.h>
 #include <unistd.h>
 #include <errno.h>
 #include <netdb.h>
 #include <stdio.h>
 #include <stdlib.h>
 #include <string.h>
 #include <unistd.h>
+#include <limits.h> /* for INT_MAX */
 #include <time.h>
 
 #include <sys/time.h>
 
 //header for calling dpdk
 #include <time.h>
 
 #include <sys/time.h>
 
 //header for calling dpdk
+#include <rte_config.h>
 #include <rte_common.h>
 #include <rte_common.h>
+#include <rte_errno.h>
 #include <rte_log.h>
 #include <rte_malloc.h>
 #include <rte_memory.h>
 #include <rte_log.h>
 #include <rte_malloc.h>
 #include <rte_memory.h>
@@ -107,16 +114,33 @@ env DPDK_CFG="--log-level=debug -l0 -dlibrte_pmd_e1000.so -dlibrte_pmd_ixgbe.so
 #include "pcap-int.h"
 #include "pcap-dpdk.h"
 
 #include "pcap-int.h"
 #include "pcap-dpdk.h"
 
+/*
+ * Deal with API changes that break source compatibility.
+ */
+
+#ifdef HAVE_STRUCT_RTE_ETHER_ADDR
+#define ETHER_ADDR_TYPE        struct rte_ether_addr
+#else
+#define ETHER_ADDR_TYPE        struct ether_addr
+#endif
+
 #define DPDK_DEF_LOG_LEV RTE_LOG_ERR
 #define DPDK_DEF_LOG_LEV RTE_LOG_ERR
+//
+// This is set to 0 if we haven't initialized DPDK yet, 1 if we've
+// successfully initialized it, a negative value, which is the negative
+// of the rte_errno from rte_eal_init(), if we tried to initialize it
+// and got an error.
+//
 static int is_dpdk_pre_inited=0;
 #define DPDK_LIB_NAME "libpcap_dpdk"
 #define DPDK_DESC "Data Plane Development Kit (DPDK) Interface"
 #define DPDK_ERR_PERM_MSG "permission denied, DPDK needs root permission"
 static int is_dpdk_pre_inited=0;
 #define DPDK_LIB_NAME "libpcap_dpdk"
 #define DPDK_DESC "Data Plane Development Kit (DPDK) Interface"
 #define DPDK_ERR_PERM_MSG "permission denied, DPDK needs root permission"
-#define DPDK_ARGC_MAX 64 
+#define DPDK_ARGC_MAX 64
 #define DPDK_CFG_MAX_LEN 1024
 #define DPDK_DEV_NAME_MAX 32
 #define DPDK_CFG_MAX_LEN 1024
 #define DPDK_DEV_NAME_MAX 32
-#define DPDK_DEV_DESC_MAX 512 
+#define DPDK_DEV_DESC_MAX 512
 #define DPDK_CFG_ENV_NAME "DPDK_CFG"
 #define DPDK_CFG_ENV_NAME "DPDK_CFG"
+#define DPDK_DEF_MIN_SLEEP_MS 1
 static char dpdk_cfg_buf[DPDK_CFG_MAX_LEN];
 #define DPDK_MAC_ADDR_SIZE 32
 #define DPDK_DEF_MAC_ADDR "00:00:00:00:00:00"
 static char dpdk_cfg_buf[DPDK_CFG_MAX_LEN];
 #define DPDK_MAC_ADDR_SIZE 32
 #define DPDK_DEF_MAC_ADDR "00:00:00:00:00:00"
@@ -129,7 +153,7 @@ static char dpdk_cfg_buf[DPDK_CFG_MAX_LEN];
 //The number of elements in the mbuf pool.
 #define DPDK_NB_MBUFS 8192U
 #define MEMPOOL_CACHE_SIZE 256
 //The number of elements in the mbuf pool.
 #define DPDK_NB_MBUFS 8192U
 #define MEMPOOL_CACHE_SIZE 256
-#define MAX_PKT_BURST 32 
+#define MAX_PKT_BURST 32
 // Configurable number of RX/TX ring descriptors
 #define RTE_TEST_RX_DESC_DEFAULT 1024
 #define RTE_TEST_TX_DESC_DEFAULT 1024
 // Configurable number of RX/TX ring descriptors
 #define RTE_TEST_RX_DESC_DEFAULT 1024
 #define RTE_TEST_TX_DESC_DEFAULT 1024
@@ -137,7 +161,11 @@ static char dpdk_cfg_buf[DPDK_CFG_MAX_LEN];
 static uint16_t nb_rxd = RTE_TEST_RX_DESC_DEFAULT;
 static uint16_t nb_txd = RTE_TEST_TX_DESC_DEFAULT;
 
 static uint16_t nb_rxd = RTE_TEST_RX_DESC_DEFAULT;
 static uint16_t nb_txd = RTE_TEST_TX_DESC_DEFAULT;
 
+#ifdef RTE_ETHER_MAX_JUMBO_FRAME_LEN
+#define RTE_ETH_PCAP_SNAPLEN RTE_ETHER_MAX_JUMBO_FRAME_LEN
+#else
 #define RTE_ETH_PCAP_SNAPLEN ETHER_MAX_JUMBO_FRAME_LEN
 #define RTE_ETH_PCAP_SNAPLEN ETHER_MAX_JUMBO_FRAME_LEN
+#endif
 
 static struct rte_eth_dev_tx_buffer *tx_buffer;
 
 
 static struct rte_eth_dev_tx_buffer *tx_buffer;
 
@@ -149,15 +177,10 @@ struct dpdk_ts_helper{
 struct pcap_dpdk{
        pcap_t * orig;
        uint16_t portid; // portid of DPDK
 struct pcap_dpdk{
        pcap_t * orig;
        uint16_t portid; // portid of DPDK
-       pcap_handler cb; //callback and argument
-       u_char *cb_arg;
-       int max_cnt;
        int must_clear_promisc;
        int must_clear_promisc;
-       int filter_in_userland;
-       uint64_t rx_pkts;
        uint64_t bpf_drop;
        uint64_t bpf_drop;
-       struct ether_addr eth_addr;
-       char mac_addr[DPDK_MAC_ADDR_SIZE];
+       int nonblock;
+       struct timeval required_select_timeout;
        struct timeval prev_ts;
        struct rte_eth_stats prev_stats;
        struct timeval curr_ts;
        struct timeval prev_ts;
        struct rte_eth_stats prev_stats;
        struct timeval curr_ts;
@@ -166,9 +189,10 @@ struct pcap_dpdk{
        uint64_t bps;
        struct rte_mempool * pktmbuf_pool;
        struct dpdk_ts_helper ts_helper;
        uint64_t bps;
        struct rte_mempool * pktmbuf_pool;
        struct dpdk_ts_helper ts_helper;
+       ETHER_ADDR_TYPE eth_addr;
+       char mac_addr[DPDK_MAC_ADDR_SIZE];
        char pci_addr[DPDK_PCI_ADDR_SIZE];
        unsigned char pcap_tmp_buf[RTE_ETH_PCAP_SNAPLEN];
        char pci_addr[DPDK_PCI_ADDR_SIZE];
        unsigned char pcap_tmp_buf[RTE_ETH_PCAP_SNAPLEN];
-       volatile sig_atomic_t break_loop;
 };
 
 static struct rte_eth_conf port_conf = {
 };
 
 static struct rte_eth_conf port_conf = {
@@ -180,12 +204,59 @@ static struct rte_eth_conf port_conf = {
        },
 };
 
        },
 };
 
+static void    dpdk_fmt_errmsg_for_rte_errno(char *, size_t, int,
+    PCAP_FORMAT_STRING(const char *), ...) PCAP_PRINTFLIKE(4, 5);
+
+/*
+ * Generate an error message based on a format, arguments, and an
+ * rte_errno, with a message for the rte_errno after the formatted output.
+ */
+static void dpdk_fmt_errmsg_for_rte_errno(char *errbuf, size_t errbuflen,
+    int errnum, const char *fmt, ...)
+{
+       va_list ap;
+       size_t msglen;
+       char *p;
+       size_t errbuflen_remaining;
+
+       va_start(ap, fmt);
+       vsnprintf(errbuf, errbuflen, fmt, ap);
+       va_end(ap);
+       msglen = strlen(errbuf);
+
+       /*
+        * Do we have enough space to append ": "?
+        * Including the terminating '\0', that's 3 bytes.
+        */
+       if (msglen + 3 > errbuflen) {
+               /* No - just give them what we've produced. */
+               return;
+       }
+       p = errbuf + msglen;
+       errbuflen_remaining = errbuflen - msglen;
+       *p++ = ':';
+       *p++ = ' ';
+       *p = '\0';
+       msglen += 2;
+       errbuflen_remaining -= 2;
+
+       /*
+        * Now append the string for the error code.
+        * rte_strerror() is thread-safe, at least as of dpdk 18.11,
+        * unlike strerror() - it uses strerror_r() rather than strerror()
+        * for UN*X errno values, and prints to what I assume is a per-thread
+        * buffer (based on the "PER_LCORE" in "RTE_DEFINE_PER_LCORE" used
+        * to declare the buffers statically) for DPDK errors.
+        */
+       snprintf(p, errbuflen_remaining, "%s", rte_strerror(errnum));
+}
+
 static int dpdk_init_timer(struct pcap_dpdk *pd){
        gettimeofday(&(pd->ts_helper.start_time),NULL);
        pd->ts_helper.start_cycles = rte_get_timer_cycles();
        pd->ts_helper.hz = rte_get_timer_hz();
        if (pd->ts_helper.hz == 0){
 static int dpdk_init_timer(struct pcap_dpdk *pd){
        gettimeofday(&(pd->ts_helper.start_time),NULL);
        pd->ts_helper.start_cycles = rte_get_timer_cycles();
        pd->ts_helper.hz = rte_get_timer_hz();
        if (pd->ts_helper.hz == 0){
-               return -1;      
+               return -1;
        }
        return 0;
 }
        }
        return 0;
 }
@@ -200,7 +271,7 @@ static inline void calculate_timestamp(struct dpdk_ts_helper *helper,struct time
        timeradd(&(helper->start_time), &cur_time, ts);
 }
 
        timeradd(&(helper->start_time), &cur_time, ts);
 }
 
-static uint32_t dpdk_gather_data(unsigned char *data, int len, struct rte_mbuf *mbuf)
+static uint32_t dpdk_gather_data(unsigned char *data, uint32_t len, struct rte_mbuf *mbuf)
 {
        uint32_t total_len = 0;
        while (mbuf && (total_len+mbuf->data_len) < len ){
 {
        uint32_t total_len = 0;
        while (mbuf && (total_len+mbuf->data_len) < len ){
@@ -211,65 +282,108 @@ static uint32_t dpdk_gather_data(unsigned char *data, int len, struct rte_mbuf *
        return total_len;
 }
 
        return total_len;
 }
 
-static void pcap_dpdk_breakloop(pcap_t *p)
-{
-       pcap_breakloop_common(p);
+
+static int dpdk_read_with_timeout(pcap_t *p, struct rte_mbuf **pkts_burst, const uint16_t burst_cnt){
        struct pcap_dpdk *pd = (struct pcap_dpdk*)(p->priv);
        struct pcap_dpdk *pd = (struct pcap_dpdk*)(p->priv);
-       pd->break_loop = p->break_loop; 
+       int nb_rx = 0;
+       int timeout_ms = p->opt.timeout;
+       int sleep_ms = 0;
+       if (pd->nonblock){
+               // In non-blocking mode, just read once, no matter how many packets are captured.
+               nb_rx = (int)rte_eth_rx_burst(pd->portid, 0, pkts_burst, burst_cnt);
+       }else{
+               // In blocking mode, read many times until packets are captured or timeout or break_loop is set.
+               // if timeout_ms == 0, it may be blocked forever.
+               while (timeout_ms == 0 || sleep_ms < timeout_ms){
+                       nb_rx = (int)rte_eth_rx_burst(pd->portid, 0, pkts_burst, burst_cnt);
+                       if (nb_rx){ // got packets within timeout_ms
+                               break;
+                       }else{ // no packet arrives at this round.
+                               if (p->break_loop){
+                                       break;
+                               }
+                               // sleep for a very short while.
+                               // block sleep is the only choice, since usleep() will impact performance dramatically.
+                               rte_delay_us_block(DPDK_DEF_MIN_SLEEP_MS*1000);
+                               sleep_ms += DPDK_DEF_MIN_SLEEP_MS;
+                       }
+               }
+       }
+       return nb_rx;
 }
 }
-static void dpdk_dispatch_inter(void *dpdk_user)
+
+static int pcap_dpdk_dispatch(pcap_t *p, int max_cnt, pcap_handler cb, u_char *cb_arg)
 {
 {
-       if (dpdk_user == NULL){
-               return;
-       }
-       pcap_t *p = dpdk_user;
        struct pcap_dpdk *pd = (struct pcap_dpdk*)(p->priv);
        struct pcap_dpdk *pd = (struct pcap_dpdk*)(p->priv);
-       int max_cnt = pd->max_cnt;
-       pcap_handler cb = pd->cb;
-       u_char *cb_arg = pd->cb_arg;
-       int nb_rx=0;
+       int burst_cnt = 0;
+       int nb_rx = 0;
        struct rte_mbuf *pkts_burst[MAX_PKT_BURST];
        struct rte_mbuf *m;
        struct pcap_pkthdr pcap_header;
        struct rte_mbuf *pkts_burst[MAX_PKT_BURST];
        struct rte_mbuf *m;
        struct pcap_pkthdr pcap_header;
-       uint16_t portid = pd->portid;
-       unsigned lcore_id = rte_lcore_id();
-       unsigned master_lcore_id = rte_get_master_lcore();
        // In DPDK, pkt_len is sum of lengths for all segments. And data_len is for one segment
        // In DPDK, pkt_len is sum of lengths for all segments. And data_len is for one segment
-       uint16_t data_len = 0;
        uint32_t pkt_len = 0;
        uint32_t pkt_len = 0;
-       int caplen = 0;
+       uint32_t caplen = 0;
        u_char *bp = NULL;
        int i=0;
        unsigned int gather_len =0;
        int pkt_cnt = 0;
        u_char *bp = NULL;
        int i=0;
        unsigned int gather_len =0;
        int pkt_cnt = 0;
-       int is_accepted=0;
        u_char *large_buffer=NULL;
        u_char *large_buffer=NULL;
-               
-       if(lcore_id == master_lcore_id){
-               RTE_LOG(DEBUG, USER1, "dpdk: lcoreid=%u runs for portid=%u\n", lcore_id, portid);
+       int timeout_ms = p->opt.timeout;
+
+       /*
+        * This can conceivably process more than INT_MAX packets,
+        * which would overflow the packet count, causing it either
+        * to look like a negative number, and thus cause us to
+        * return a value that looks like an error, or overflow
+        * back into positive territory, and thus cause us to
+        * return a too-low count.
+        *
+        * Therefore, if the packet count is unlimited, we clip
+        * it at INT_MAX; this routine is not expected to
+        * process packets indefinitely, so that's not an issue.
+        */
+       if (PACKET_COUNT_IS_UNLIMITED(max_cnt))
+               max_cnt = INT_MAX;
+
+       if (max_cnt < MAX_PKT_BURST){
+               burst_cnt = max_cnt;
        }else{
        }else{
-               RTE_LOG(DEBUG, USER1, "dpdk: lcore %u has nothing to do\n", lcore_id);
-       }
-       //only use master lcore
-       if (lcore_id != master_lcore_id){
-               return;
+               burst_cnt = MAX_PKT_BURST;
        }
        }
-       while( max_cnt==-1 || pkt_cnt < max_cnt){
-               if (pd->break_loop){
+
+       while( pkt_cnt < max_cnt){
+               if (p->break_loop){
+                       p->break_loop = 0;
+                       return PCAP_ERROR_BREAK;
+               }
+               // read once in non-blocking mode, or try many times waiting for timeout_ms.
+               // if timeout_ms == 0, it will be blocked until one packet arrives or break_loop is set.
+               nb_rx = dpdk_read_with_timeout(p, pkts_burst, burst_cnt);
+               if (nb_rx == 0){
+                       if (pd->nonblock){
+                               RTE_LOG(DEBUG, USER1, "dpdk: no packets available in non-blocking mode.\n");
+                       }else{
+                               if (p->break_loop){
+                                       RTE_LOG(DEBUG, USER1, "dpdk: no packets available and break_loop is set in blocking mode.\n");
+                                       p->break_loop = 0;
+                                       return PCAP_ERROR_BREAK;
+
+                               }
+                               RTE_LOG(DEBUG, USER1, "dpdk: no packets available for timeout %d ms in blocking mode.\n", timeout_ms);
+                       }
+                       // break if dpdk reads 0 packet, no matter in blocking(timeout) or non-blocking mode.
                        break;
                }
                        break;
                }
-               nb_rx = (int)rte_eth_rx_burst(portid, 0, pkts_burst, MAX_PKT_BURST);
                pkt_cnt += nb_rx;
                for ( i = 0; i < nb_rx; i++) {
                        m = pkts_burst[i];
                        calculate_timestamp(&(pd->ts_helper),&(pcap_header.ts));
                pkt_cnt += nb_rx;
                for ( i = 0; i < nb_rx; i++) {
                        m = pkts_burst[i];
                        calculate_timestamp(&(pd->ts_helper),&(pcap_header.ts));
-                       data_len = rte_pktmbuf_data_len(m);
                        pkt_len = rte_pktmbuf_pkt_len(m);
                        // caplen = min(pkt_len, p->snapshot);
                        // caplen will not be changed, no matter how long the rte_pktmbuf
                        pkt_len = rte_pktmbuf_pkt_len(m);
                        // caplen = min(pkt_len, p->snapshot);
                        // caplen will not be changed, no matter how long the rte_pktmbuf
-                       caplen = pkt_len < p->snapshot ? pkt_len: p->snapshot; 
+                       caplen = pkt_len < (uint32_t)p->snapshot ? pkt_len: (uint32_t)p->snapshot;
                        pcap_header.caplen = caplen;
                        pcap_header.caplen = caplen;
-                       pcap_header.len = pkt_len; 
+                       pcap_header.len = pkt_len;
                        // volatile prefetch
                        rte_prefetch0(rte_pktmbuf_mtod(m, void *));
                        bp = NULL;
                        // volatile prefetch
                        rte_prefetch0(rte_pktmbuf_mtod(m, void *));
                        bp = NULL;
@@ -278,29 +392,20 @@ static void dpdk_dispatch_inter(void *dpdk_user)
                                bp = rte_pktmbuf_mtod(m, u_char *);
                        }else{
                                // use fast buffer pcap_tmp_buf if pkt_len is small, no need to call malloc and free
                                bp = rte_pktmbuf_mtod(m, u_char *);
                        }else{
                                // use fast buffer pcap_tmp_buf if pkt_len is small, no need to call malloc and free
-                               if ( pkt_len <= ETHER_MAX_JUMBO_FRAME_LEN)
+                               if ( pkt_len <= RTE_ETH_PCAP_SNAPLEN)
                                {
                                        gather_len = dpdk_gather_data(pd->pcap_tmp_buf, RTE_ETH_PCAP_SNAPLEN, m);
                                        bp = pd->pcap_tmp_buf;
                                {
                                        gather_len = dpdk_gather_data(pd->pcap_tmp_buf, RTE_ETH_PCAP_SNAPLEN, m);
                                        bp = pd->pcap_tmp_buf;
-                               }else{ 
+                               }else{
                                        // need call free later
                                        large_buffer = (u_char *)malloc(caplen*sizeof(u_char));
                                        // need call free later
                                        large_buffer = (u_char *)malloc(caplen*sizeof(u_char));
-                                       gather_len = dpdk_gather_data(large_buffer, caplen, m); 
+                                       gather_len = dpdk_gather_data(large_buffer, caplen, m);
                                        bp = large_buffer;
                                }
                                        bp = large_buffer;
                                }
-                               
+
                        }
                        if (bp){
                        }
                        if (bp){
-                               //default accpet all
-                               is_accepted=1;
-                               if (pd->filter_in_userland && p->fcode.bf_insns!=NULL)
-                               {
-                                       if (!pcap_filter(p->fcode.bf_insns, bp, pcap_header.len, pcap_header.caplen)){
-                                               //rejected
-                                               is_accepted=0;
-                                       }
-                               }
-                               if (is_accepted){
+                               if (p->fcode.bf_insns==NULL || pcapint_filter(p->fcode.bf_insns, bp, pcap_header.len, pcap_header.caplen)){
                                        cb(cb_arg, &pcap_header, bp);
                                }else{
                                        pd->bpf_drop++;
                                        cb(cb_arg, &pcap_header, bp);
                                }else{
                                        pd->bpf_drop++;
@@ -313,39 +418,16 @@ static void dpdk_dispatch_inter(void *dpdk_user)
                                large_buffer=NULL;
                        }
                }
                                large_buffer=NULL;
                        }
                }
-       }       
-       pd->rx_pkts = pkt_cnt;
-}
-static int launch_one_lcore(void *dpdk_user)
-{
-       dpdk_dispatch_inter(dpdk_user);
-       return 0;
-}
-static int pcap_dpdk_dispatch(pcap_t *p, int max_cnt, pcap_handler cb, u_char *pcap_user)
-{
-       unsigned lcore_id = 0;  
-       struct pcap_dpdk *pd = (struct pcap_dpdk*)(p->priv);
-       pd->rx_pkts=0;
-       pd->cb = cb;
-       pd->cb_arg = pcap_user;
-       pd->max_cnt = max_cnt;
-       pd->orig = p;
-       void *dpdk_user = p;    
-       // launch_one_lcore func will be called on every lcore include master core.
-       rte_eal_mp_remote_launch(launch_one_lcore, dpdk_user, CALL_MASTER);
-       RTE_LCORE_FOREACH_SLAVE(lcore_id) {
-               if (rte_eal_wait_lcore(lcore_id) < 0) {
-                       break;
-               }
        }
        }
-       return pd->rx_pkts;     
+       return pkt_cnt;
 }
 
 static int pcap_dpdk_inject(pcap_t *p, const void *buf _U_, int size _U_)
 {
        //not implemented yet
 }
 
 static int pcap_dpdk_inject(pcap_t *p, const void *buf _U_, int size _U_)
 {
        //not implemented yet
-       pcap_fmt_errmsg_for_errno(p->errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
-               errno, "dpdk error: Inject function has not be implemented yet");
+       pcapint_strlcpy(p->errbuf,
+           "dpdk error: Inject function has not been implemented yet",
+           PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE);
        return PCAP_ERROR;
 }
 
        return PCAP_ERROR;
 }
 
@@ -355,16 +437,15 @@ static void pcap_dpdk_close(pcap_t *p)
        if (pd==NULL)
        {
                return;
        if (pd==NULL)
        {
                return;
-       } 
+       }
        if (pd->must_clear_promisc)
        {
                rte_eth_promiscuous_disable(pd->portid);
        }
        rte_eth_dev_stop(pd->portid);
        rte_eth_dev_close(pd->portid);
        if (pd->must_clear_promisc)
        {
                rte_eth_promiscuous_disable(pd->portid);
        }
        rte_eth_dev_stop(pd->portid);
        rte_eth_dev_close(pd->portid);
-       // free pcap_dpdk?
-       pcap_cleanup_live_common(p);
-} 
+       pcapint_cleanup_live_common(p);
+}
 
 static void nic_stats_display(struct pcap_dpdk *pd)
 {
 
 static void nic_stats_display(struct pcap_dpdk *pd)
 {
@@ -382,12 +463,12 @@ static int pcap_dpdk_stats(pcap_t *p, struct pcap_stat *ps)
        struct pcap_dpdk *pd = p->priv;
        calculate_timestamp(&(pd->ts_helper), &(pd->curr_ts));
        rte_eth_stats_get(pd->portid,&(pd->curr_stats));
        struct pcap_dpdk *pd = p->priv;
        calculate_timestamp(&(pd->ts_helper), &(pd->curr_ts));
        rte_eth_stats_get(pd->portid,&(pd->curr_stats));
-
-       ps->ps_recv = pd->curr_stats.ipackets;
-       ps->ps_drop = pd->curr_stats.ierrors;
-       ps->ps_drop += pd->bpf_drop;
-       ps->ps_ifdrop = pd->curr_stats.imissed;
-       
+       if (ps){
+               ps->ps_recv = pd->curr_stats.ipackets;
+               ps->ps_drop = pd->curr_stats.ierrors;
+               ps->ps_drop += pd->bpf_drop;
+               ps->ps_ifdrop = pd->curr_stats.imissed;
+       }
        uint64_t delta_pkt = pd->curr_stats.ipackets - pd->prev_stats.ipackets;
        struct timeval delta_tm;
        timersub(&(pd->curr_ts),&(pd->prev_ts), &delta_tm);
        uint64_t delta_pkt = pd->curr_stats.ipackets - pd->prev_stats.ipackets;
        struct timeval delta_tm;
        timersub(&(pd->curr_ts),&(pd->prev_ts), &delta_tm);
@@ -402,16 +483,15 @@ static int pcap_dpdk_stats(pcap_t *p, struct pcap_stat *ps)
        return 0;
 }
 
        return 0;
 }
 
-static int pcap_dpdk_setnonblock(pcap_t *p, int fd _U_){
-       pcap_fmt_errmsg_for_errno(p->errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
-               errno, "dpdk error: setnonblock not support");
+static int pcap_dpdk_setnonblock(pcap_t *p, int nonblock){
+       struct pcap_dpdk *pd = (struct pcap_dpdk*)(p->priv);
+       pd->nonblock = nonblock;
        return 0;
 }
 
 static int pcap_dpdk_getnonblock(pcap_t *p){
        return 0;
 }
 
 static int pcap_dpdk_getnonblock(pcap_t *p){
-       pcap_fmt_errmsg_for_errno(p->errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
-               errno, "dpdk error: getnonblock not support");
-       return 0;
+       struct pcap_dpdk *pd = (struct pcap_dpdk*)(p->priv);
+       return pd->nonblock;
 }
 static int check_link_status(uint16_t portid, struct rte_eth_link *plink)
 {
 }
 static int check_link_status(uint16_t portid, struct rte_eth_link *plink)
 {
@@ -419,11 +499,11 @@ static int check_link_status(uint16_t portid, struct rte_eth_link *plink)
        rte_eth_link_get(portid, plink);
        return plink->link_status == ETH_LINK_UP;
 }
        rte_eth_link_get(portid, plink);
        return plink->link_status == ETH_LINK_UP;
 }
-static void eth_addr_str(struct ether_addr *addrp, char* mac_str, int len)
+static void eth_addr_str(ETHER_ADDR_TYPE *addrp, char* mac_str, int len)
 {
        int offset=0;
        if (addrp == NULL){
 {
        int offset=0;
        if (addrp == NULL){
-               pcap_snprintf(mac_str, len-1, DPDK_DEF_MAC_ADDR);
+               snprintf(mac_str, len-1, DPDK_DEF_MAC_ADDR);
                return;
        }
        for (int i=0; i<6; i++)
                return;
        }
        for (int i=0; i<6; i++)
@@ -434,10 +514,10 @@ static void eth_addr_str(struct ether_addr *addrp, char* mac_str, int len)
                }
                if (i==0)
                {
                }
                if (i==0)
                {
-                       pcap_snprintf(mac_str+offset, len-1-offset, "%02X",addrp->addr_bytes[i]);
+                       snprintf(mac_str+offset, len-1-offset, "%02X",addrp->addr_bytes[i]);
                        offset+=2; // FF
                }else{
                        offset+=2; // FF
                }else{
-                       pcap_snprintf(mac_str+offset, len-1-offset, ":%02X", addrp->addr_bytes[i]);
+                       snprintf(mac_str+offset, len-1-offset, ":%02X", addrp->addr_bytes[i]);
                        offset+=3; // :FF
                }
        }
                        offset+=3; // :FF
                }
        }
@@ -446,9 +526,9 @@ static void eth_addr_str(struct ether_addr *addrp, char* mac_str, int len)
 // return portid by device name, otherwise return -1
 static uint16_t portid_by_device(char * device)
 {
 // return portid by device name, otherwise return -1
 static uint16_t portid_by_device(char * device)
 {
-       uint16_t ret = DPDK_PORTID_MAX; 
-       int len = strlen(device);
-       int prefix_len = strlen(DPDK_PREFIX);
+       uint16_t ret = DPDK_PORTID_MAX;
+       size_t len = strlen(device);
+       size_t prefix_len = strlen(DPDK_PREFIX);
        unsigned long ret_ul = 0L;
        char *pEnd;
        if (len<=prefix_len || strncmp(device, DPDK_PREFIX, prefix_len)) // check prefix dpdk:
        unsigned long ret_ul = 0L;
        char *pEnd;
        if (len<=prefix_len || strncmp(device, DPDK_PREFIX, prefix_len)) // check prefix dpdk:
@@ -458,12 +538,15 @@ static uint16_t portid_by_device(char * device)
        //check all chars are digital
        for (int i=prefix_len; device[i]; i++){
                if (device[i]<'0' || device[i]>'9'){
        //check all chars are digital
        for (int i=prefix_len; device[i]; i++){
                if (device[i]<'0' || device[i]>'9'){
-                       return ret;     
+                       return ret;
                }
        }
        ret_ul = strtoul(&(device[prefix_len]), &pEnd, 10);
                }
        }
        ret_ul = strtoul(&(device[prefix_len]), &pEnd, 10);
+       if (pEnd == &(device[prefix_len]) || *pEnd != '\0'){
+               return ret;
+       }
        // too large for portid
        // too large for portid
-       if (ret_ul >= DPDK_PORTID_MAX){ 
+       if (ret_ul >= DPDK_PORTID_MAX){
                return ret;
        }
        ret = (uint16_t)ret_ul;
                return ret;
        }
        ret = (uint16_t)ret_ul;
@@ -473,7 +556,7 @@ static uint16_t portid_by_device(char * device)
 static int parse_dpdk_cfg(char* dpdk_cfg,char** dargv)
 {
        int cnt=0;
 static int parse_dpdk_cfg(char* dpdk_cfg,char** dargv)
 {
        int cnt=0;
-       memset(dargv,0,sizeof(dargv[0])*DPDK_ARGC_MAX); 
+       memset(dargv,0,sizeof(dargv[0])*DPDK_ARGC_MAX);
        //current process name
        int skip_space = 1;
        int i=0;
        //current process name
        int skip_space = 1;
        int i=0;
@@ -481,11 +564,11 @@ static int parse_dpdk_cfg(char* dpdk_cfg,char** dargv)
        // find first non space char
        // The last opt is NULL
        for (i=0;dpdk_cfg[i] && cnt<DPDK_ARGC_MAX-1;i++){
        // find first non space char
        // The last opt is NULL
        for (i=0;dpdk_cfg[i] && cnt<DPDK_ARGC_MAX-1;i++){
-               if (skip_space && dpdk_cfg[i]!=0x20){ // not space
+               if (skip_space && dpdk_cfg[i]!=' '){ // not space
                        skip_space=!skip_space; // skip normal char
                        dargv[cnt++] = dpdk_cfg+i;
                }
                        skip_space=!skip_space; // skip normal char
                        dargv[cnt++] = dpdk_cfg+i;
                }
-               if (!skip_space && dpdk_cfg[i]==0x20){ // fint a space
+               if (!skip_space && dpdk_cfg[i]==' '){ // find a space
                        dpdk_cfg[i]=0x00; // end of this opt
                        skip_space=!skip_space; // skip space char
                }
                        dpdk_cfg[i]=0x00; // end of this opt
                        skip_space=!skip_space; // skip space char
                }
@@ -495,27 +578,40 @@ static int parse_dpdk_cfg(char* dpdk_cfg,char** dargv)
 }
 
 // only called once
 }
 
 // only called once
-static int dpdk_pre_init(char * ebuf)
+// Returns:
+//
+//    1 on success;
+//
+//    0 if "the EAL cannot initialize on this system", which we treat as
+//    meaning "DPDK isn't available";
+//
+//    a PCAP_ERROR_ code for other errors.
+//
+// If eaccess_not_fatal is non-zero, treat "a permissions issue" the way
+// we treat "the EAL cannot initialize on this system".  We use that
+// when trying to find DPDK devices, as we don't want to fail to return
+// *any* devices just because we can't support DPDK; when we're trying
+// to open a device, we need to return a permissions error in that case.
+static int dpdk_pre_init(char * ebuf, int eaccess_not_fatal)
 {
        int dargv_cnt=0;
        char *dargv[DPDK_ARGC_MAX];
        char *ptr_dpdk_cfg = NULL;
 {
        int dargv_cnt=0;
        char *dargv[DPDK_ARGC_MAX];
        char *ptr_dpdk_cfg = NULL;
-       int ret = PCAP_ERROR; 
-       // globale var
-       if (is_dpdk_pre_inited)
+       int ret;
+       // global var
+       if (is_dpdk_pre_inited != 0)
        {
        {
-               // already inited
-               return 0;
-       }
-       // check for root permission
-       if( geteuid() != 0)
-       {
-               RTE_LOG(ERR, USER1, "%s\n", DPDK_ERR_PERM_MSG);
-               pcap_fmt_errmsg_for_errno(ebuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
-                           errno, "dpdk error: %s",
-                           DPDK_ERR_PERM_MSG);
-               ret = PCAP_ERROR_PERM_DENIED;
-               return ret;     
+               // already inited; did that succeed?
+               if (is_dpdk_pre_inited < 0)
+               {
+                       // failed
+                       goto error;
+               }
+               else
+               {
+                       // succeeded
+                       return 1;
+               }
        }
        // init EAL
        ptr_dpdk_cfg = getenv(DPDK_CFG_ENV_NAME);
        }
        // init EAL
        ptr_dpdk_cfg = getenv(DPDK_CFG_ENV_NAME);
@@ -530,11 +626,127 @@ static int dpdk_pre_init(char * ebuf)
        snprintf(dpdk_cfg_buf,DPDK_CFG_MAX_LEN-1,"%s %s",DPDK_LIB_NAME,ptr_dpdk_cfg);
        dargv_cnt = parse_dpdk_cfg(dpdk_cfg_buf,dargv);
        ret = rte_eal_init(dargv_cnt,dargv);
        snprintf(dpdk_cfg_buf,DPDK_CFG_MAX_LEN-1,"%s %s",DPDK_LIB_NAME,ptr_dpdk_cfg);
        dargv_cnt = parse_dpdk_cfg(dpdk_cfg_buf,dargv);
        ret = rte_eal_init(dargv_cnt,dargv);
-       // if init successed, we do not need to do it again later.
-       if (ret == 0){
-               is_dpdk_pre_inited = 1;
+       if (ret == -1)
+       {
+               // Indicate that we've called rte_eal_init() by setting
+               // is_dpdk_pre_inited to the negative of the error code,
+               // and process the error.
+               is_dpdk_pre_inited = -rte_errno;
+               goto error;
        }
        }
-       return ret;
+       // init succeeded, so we do not need to do it again later.
+       is_dpdk_pre_inited = 1;
+       return 1;
+
+error:
+       switch (-is_dpdk_pre_inited)
+       {
+               case EACCES:
+                       // This "indicates a permissions issue.".
+                       RTE_LOG(ERR, USER1, "%s\n", DPDK_ERR_PERM_MSG);
+                       // If we were told to treat this as just meaning
+                       // DPDK isn't available, do so.
+                       if (eaccess_not_fatal)
+                               return 0;
+                       // Otherwise report a fatal error.
+                       snprintf(ebuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
+                           "DPDK requires that it run as root");
+                       return PCAP_ERROR_PERM_DENIED;
+
+               case EAGAIN:
+                       // This "indicates either a bus or system
+                       // resource was not available, setup may
+                       // be attempted again."
+                       // There's no such error in pcap, so I'm
+                       // not sure what we should do here.
+                       snprintf(ebuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
+                           "Bus or system resource was not available");
+                       break;
+
+               case EALREADY:
+                       // This "indicates that the rte_eal_init
+                       // function has already been called, and
+                       // cannot be called again."
+                       // That's not an error; set the "we've
+                       // been here before" flag and return
+                       // success.
+                       is_dpdk_pre_inited = 1;
+                       return 1;
+
+               case EFAULT:
+                       // This "indicates the tailq configuration
+                       // name was not found in memory configuration."
+                       snprintf(ebuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
+                           "The tailq configuration name was not found in the memory configuration");
+                       return PCAP_ERROR;
+
+               case EINVAL:
+                       // This "indicates invalid parameters were
+                       // passed as argv/argc."  Those came from
+                       // the configuration file.
+                       snprintf(ebuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
+                           "The configuration file has invalid parameters");
+                       break;
+
+               case ENOMEM:
+                       // This "indicates failure likely caused by
+                       // an out-of-memory condition."
+                       snprintf(ebuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
+                           "Out of memory");
+                       break;
+
+               case ENODEV:
+                       // This "indicates memory setup issues."
+                       snprintf(ebuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
+                           "An error occurred setting up memory");
+                       break;
+
+               case ENOTSUP:
+                       // This "indicates that the EAL cannot
+                       // initialize on this system."  We treat
+                       // that as meaning DPDK isn't available
+                       // on this machine, rather than as a
+                       // fatal error, and let our caller decide
+                       // whether that's a fatal error (if trying
+                       // to activate a DPDK device) or not (if
+                       // trying to enumerate devices).
+                       return 0;
+
+               case EPROTO:
+                       // This "indicates that the PCI bus is
+                       // either not present, or is not readable
+                       // by the eal."  Does "the PCI bus is not
+                       // present" mean "this machine has no PCI
+                       // bus", which strikes me as a "not available"
+                       // case?  If so, should "is not readable by
+                       // the EAL" also something we should treat
+                       // as a "not available" case?  If not, we
+                       // can't distinguish between the two, so
+                       // we're stuck.
+                       snprintf(ebuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
+                           "PCI bus is not present or not readable by the EAL");
+                       break;
+
+               case ENOEXEC:
+                       // This "indicates that a service core
+                       // failed to launch successfully."
+                       snprintf(ebuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
+                           "A service core failed to launch successfully");
+                       break;
+
+               default:
+                       //
+                       // That's not in the list of errors in
+                       // the documentation; let it be reported
+                       // as an error.
+                       //
+                       dpdk_fmt_errmsg_for_rte_errno(ebuf,
+                           PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE, -is_dpdk_pre_inited,
+                           "dpdk error: dpdk_pre_init failed");
+                       break;
+       }
+       // Error.
+       return PCAP_ERROR;
 }
 
 static int pcap_dpdk_activate(pcap_t *p)
 }
 
 static int pcap_dpdk_activate(pcap_t *p)
@@ -552,21 +764,32 @@ static int pcap_dpdk_activate(pcap_t *p)
        int is_port_up = 0;
        struct rte_eth_link link;
        do{
        int is_port_up = 0;
        struct rte_eth_link link;
        do{
-               //init EAL
-               ret = dpdk_pre_init(p->errbuf);
+               //init EAL; fail if we have insufficient permission
+               char dpdk_pre_init_errbuf[PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE];
+               ret = dpdk_pre_init(dpdk_pre_init_errbuf, 0);
                if (ret < 0)
                {
                if (ret < 0)
                {
-                       pcap_fmt_errmsg_for_errno(p->errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
-                           errno, "dpdk error: Init failed with device %s",
-                           p->opt.device);
-                       ret = PCAP_ERROR;
+                       // This returns a negative value on an error.
+                       snprintf(p->errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
+                           "Can't open device %s: %s",
+                           p->opt.device, dpdk_pre_init_errbuf);
+                       // ret is set to the correct error
                        break;
                }
                        break;
                }
+               if (ret == 0)
+               {
+                       // This means DPDK isn't available on this machine.
+                       snprintf(p->errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
+                           "Can't open device %s: DPDK is not available on this machine",
+                           p->opt.device);
+                       return PCAP_ERROR_NO_SUCH_DEVICE;
+               }
+
                ret = dpdk_init_timer(pd);
                if (ret<0)
                {
                ret = dpdk_init_timer(pd);
                if (ret<0)
                {
-                       pcap_fmt_errmsg_for_errno(p->errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
-                               errno, "dpdk error: Init timer error with device %s",
+                       snprintf(p->errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
+                               "dpdk error: Init timer is zero with device %s",
                                p->opt.device);
                        ret = PCAP_ERROR;
                        break;
                                p->opt.device);
                        ret = PCAP_ERROR;
                        break;
@@ -575,16 +798,16 @@ static int pcap_dpdk_activate(pcap_t *p)
                nb_ports = rte_eth_dev_count_avail();
                if (nb_ports == 0)
                {
                nb_ports = rte_eth_dev_count_avail();
                if (nb_ports == 0)
                {
-                       pcap_fmt_errmsg_for_errno(p->errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
-                           errno, "dpdk error: No Ethernet ports");
+                       snprintf(p->errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
+                           "dpdk error: No Ethernet ports");
                        ret = PCAP_ERROR;
                        break;
                }
 
                portid = portid_by_device(p->opt.device);
                if (portid == DPDK_PORTID_MAX){
                        ret = PCAP_ERROR;
                        break;
                }
 
                portid = portid_by_device(p->opt.device);
                if (portid == DPDK_PORTID_MAX){
-                       pcap_fmt_errmsg_for_errno(p->errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
-                           errno, "dpdk error: portid is invalid. device %s",
+                       snprintf(p->errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
+                           "dpdk error: portid is invalid. device %s",
                            p->opt.device);
                        ret = PCAP_ERROR_NO_SUCH_DEVICE;
                        break;
                            p->opt.device);
                        ret = PCAP_ERROR_NO_SUCH_DEVICE;
                        break;
@@ -596,14 +819,15 @@ static int pcap_dpdk_activate(pcap_t *p)
                {
                        p->snapshot = MAXIMUM_SNAPLEN;
                }
                {
                        p->snapshot = MAXIMUM_SNAPLEN;
                }
-               // create the mbuf pool 
+               // create the mbuf pool
                pd->pktmbuf_pool = rte_pktmbuf_pool_create(MBUF_POOL_NAME, nb_mbufs,
                        MEMPOOL_CACHE_SIZE, 0, RTE_MBUF_DEFAULT_BUF_SIZE,
                        rte_socket_id());
                if (pd->pktmbuf_pool == NULL)
                {
                pd->pktmbuf_pool = rte_pktmbuf_pool_create(MBUF_POOL_NAME, nb_mbufs,
                        MEMPOOL_CACHE_SIZE, 0, RTE_MBUF_DEFAULT_BUF_SIZE,
                        rte_socket_id());
                if (pd->pktmbuf_pool == NULL)
                {
-                       pcap_fmt_errmsg_for_errno(p->errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
-                           errno, "dpdk error: Cannot init mbuf pool");
+                       dpdk_fmt_errmsg_for_rte_errno(p->errbuf,
+                           PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE, rte_errno,
+                           "dpdk error: Cannot init mbuf pool");
                        ret = PCAP_ERROR;
                        break;
                }
                        ret = PCAP_ERROR;
                        break;
                }
@@ -617,21 +841,23 @@ static int pcap_dpdk_activate(pcap_t *p)
                ret = rte_eth_dev_configure(portid, 1, 1, &local_port_conf);
                if (ret < 0)
                {
                ret = rte_eth_dev_configure(portid, 1, 1, &local_port_conf);
                if (ret < 0)
                {
-                       pcap_fmt_errmsg_for_errno(p->errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
-                           errno, "dpdk error: Cannot configure device: err=%d, port=%u",
-                           ret, portid);
+                       dpdk_fmt_errmsg_for_rte_errno(p->errbuf,
+                           PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE, -ret,
+                           "dpdk error: Cannot configure device: port=%u",
+                           portid);
                        ret = PCAP_ERROR;
                        ret = PCAP_ERROR;
-                       break;  
+                       break;
                }
                // adjust rx tx
                ret = rte_eth_dev_adjust_nb_rx_tx_desc(portid, &nb_rxd, &nb_txd);
                if (ret < 0)
                {
                }
                // adjust rx tx
                ret = rte_eth_dev_adjust_nb_rx_tx_desc(portid, &nb_rxd, &nb_txd);
                if (ret < 0)
                {
-                       pcap_fmt_errmsg_for_errno(p->errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
-                           errno, "dpdk error: Cannot adjust number of descriptors: err=%d, port=%u",
-                           ret, portid);
+                       dpdk_fmt_errmsg_for_rte_errno(p->errbuf,
+                           PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE, -ret,
+                           "dpdk error: Cannot adjust number of descriptors: port=%u",
+                           portid);
                        ret = PCAP_ERROR;
                        ret = PCAP_ERROR;
-                       break;  
+                       break;
                }
                // get MAC addr
                rte_eth_macaddr_get(portid, &(pd->eth_addr));
                }
                // get MAC addr
                rte_eth_macaddr_get(portid, &(pd->eth_addr));
@@ -646,14 +872,15 @@ static int pcap_dpdk_activate(pcap_t *p)
                                             pd->pktmbuf_pool);
                if (ret < 0)
                {
                                             pd->pktmbuf_pool);
                if (ret < 0)
                {
-                       pcap_fmt_errmsg_for_errno(p->errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
-                           errno, "dpdk error: rte_eth_rx_queue_setup:err=%d, port=%u",
-                           ret, portid);
+                       dpdk_fmt_errmsg_for_rte_errno(p->errbuf,
+                           PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE, -ret,
+                           "dpdk error: rte_eth_rx_queue_setup:port=%u",
+                           portid);
                        ret = PCAP_ERROR;
                        ret = PCAP_ERROR;
-                       break;  
+                       break;
                }
 
                }
 
-               // init one TX queue 
+               // init one TX queue
                txq_conf = dev_info.default_txconf;
                txq_conf.offloads = local_port_conf.txmode.offloads;
                ret = rte_eth_tx_queue_setup(portid, 0, nb_txd,
                txq_conf = dev_info.default_txconf;
                txq_conf.offloads = local_port_conf.txmode.offloads;
                ret = rte_eth_tx_queue_setup(portid, 0, nb_txd,
@@ -661,31 +888,33 @@ static int pcap_dpdk_activate(pcap_t *p)
                                &txq_conf);
                if (ret < 0)
                {
                                &txq_conf);
                if (ret < 0)
                {
-                       pcap_fmt_errmsg_for_errno(p->errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
-                           errno, "dpdk error: rte_eth_tx_queue_setup:err=%d, port=%u",
-                           ret, portid);
+                       dpdk_fmt_errmsg_for_rte_errno(p->errbuf,
+                           PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE, -ret,
+                           "dpdk error: rte_eth_tx_queue_setup:port=%u",
+                           portid);
                        ret = PCAP_ERROR;
                        ret = PCAP_ERROR;
-                       break;  
+                       break;
                }
                }
-               // Initialize TX buffers 
+               // Initialize TX buffers
                tx_buffer = rte_zmalloc_socket(DPDK_TX_BUF_NAME,
                                RTE_ETH_TX_BUFFER_SIZE(MAX_PKT_BURST), 0,
                                rte_eth_dev_socket_id(portid));
                if (tx_buffer == NULL)
                {
                tx_buffer = rte_zmalloc_socket(DPDK_TX_BUF_NAME,
                                RTE_ETH_TX_BUFFER_SIZE(MAX_PKT_BURST), 0,
                                rte_eth_dev_socket_id(portid));
                if (tx_buffer == NULL)
                {
-                       pcap_fmt_errmsg_for_errno(p->errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
-                           errno, "dpdk error: Cannot allocate buffer for tx on port %u", portid);
+                       snprintf(p->errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
+                           "dpdk error: Cannot allocate buffer for tx on port %u", portid);
                        ret = PCAP_ERROR;
                        ret = PCAP_ERROR;
-                       break;  
+                       break;
                }
                rte_eth_tx_buffer_init(tx_buffer, MAX_PKT_BURST);
                // Start device
                ret = rte_eth_dev_start(portid);
                if (ret < 0)
                {
                }
                rte_eth_tx_buffer_init(tx_buffer, MAX_PKT_BURST);
                // Start device
                ret = rte_eth_dev_start(portid);
                if (ret < 0)
                {
-                       pcap_fmt_errmsg_for_errno(p->errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
-                           errno, "dpdk error: rte_eth_dev_start:err=%d, port=%u",
-                           ret, portid);
+                       dpdk_fmt_errmsg_for_rte_errno(p->errbuf,
+                           PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE, -ret,
+                           "dpdk error: rte_eth_dev_start:port=%u",
+                           portid);
                        ret = PCAP_ERROR;
                        break;
                }
                        ret = PCAP_ERROR;
                        break;
                }
@@ -697,18 +926,18 @@ static int pcap_dpdk_activate(pcap_t *p)
                // check link status
                is_port_up = check_link_status(portid, &link);
                if (!is_port_up){
                // check link status
                is_port_up = check_link_status(portid, &link);
                if (!is_port_up){
-                       pcap_fmt_errmsg_for_errno(p->errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
-                           errno, "dpdk error: link is down, port=%u",portid);
+                       snprintf(p->errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
+                           "dpdk error: link is down, port=%u",portid);
                        ret = PCAP_ERROR_IFACE_NOT_UP;
                        break;
                }
                // reset statistics
                rte_eth_stats_reset(pd->portid);
                calculate_timestamp(&(pd->ts_helper), &(pd->prev_ts));
                        ret = PCAP_ERROR_IFACE_NOT_UP;
                        break;
                }
                // reset statistics
                rte_eth_stats_reset(pd->portid);
                calculate_timestamp(&(pd->ts_helper), &(pd->prev_ts));
-               rte_eth_stats_get(pd->portid,&(pd->prev_stats));        
-               // format pcap_t 
+               rte_eth_stats_get(pd->portid,&(pd->prev_stats));
+               // format pcap_t
                pd->portid = portid;
                pd->portid = portid;
-               p->fd = pd->portid; 
+               p->fd = pd->portid;
                if (p->snapshot <=0 || p->snapshot> MAXIMUM_SNAPLEN)
                {
                        p->snapshot = MAXIMUM_SNAPLEN;
                if (p->snapshot <=0 || p->snapshot> MAXIMUM_SNAPLEN)
                {
                        p->snapshot = MAXIMUM_SNAPLEN;
@@ -717,22 +946,25 @@ static int pcap_dpdk_activate(pcap_t *p)
                p->selectable_fd = p->fd;
                p->read_op = pcap_dpdk_dispatch;
                p->inject_op = pcap_dpdk_inject;
                p->selectable_fd = p->fd;
                p->read_op = pcap_dpdk_dispatch;
                p->inject_op = pcap_dpdk_inject;
-               // DPDK only support filter in userland now
-               pd->filter_in_userland = 1;
-               p->setfilter_op = install_bpf_program;
+               // using pcapint_filter currently, though DPDK provides their own BPF function. Because DPDK BPF needs load a ELF file as a filter.
+               p->setfilter_op = pcapint_install_bpf_program;
                p->setdirection_op = NULL;
                p->set_datalink_op = NULL;
                p->getnonblock_op = pcap_dpdk_getnonblock;
                p->setnonblock_op = pcap_dpdk_setnonblock;
                p->stats_op = pcap_dpdk_stats;
                p->cleanup_op = pcap_dpdk_close;
                p->setdirection_op = NULL;
                p->set_datalink_op = NULL;
                p->getnonblock_op = pcap_dpdk_getnonblock;
                p->setnonblock_op = pcap_dpdk_setnonblock;
                p->stats_op = pcap_dpdk_stats;
                p->cleanup_op = pcap_dpdk_close;
-               p->breakloop_op = pcap_dpdk_breakloop;
+               p->breakloop_op = pcapint_breakloop_common;
+               // set default timeout
+               pd->required_select_timeout.tv_sec = 0;
+               pd->required_select_timeout.tv_usec = DPDK_DEF_MIN_SLEEP_MS*1000;
+               p->required_select_timeout = &pd->required_select_timeout;
                ret = 0; // OK
        }while(0);
 
                ret = 0; // OK
        }while(0);
 
-       if (ret == PCAP_ERROR)
+       if (ret <= PCAP_ERROR) // all kinds of error code
        {
        {
-               pcap_cleanup_live_common(p);
+               pcapint_cleanup_live_common(p);
        }else{
                rte_eth_dev_get_name_by_port(portid,pd->pci_addr);
                RTE_LOG(INFO, USER1,"Port %d device: %s, MAC:%s, PCI:%s\n", portid, p->opt.device, pd->mac_addr, pd->pci_addr);
        }else{
                rte_eth_dev_get_name_by_port(portid,pd->pci_addr);
                RTE_LOG(INFO, USER1,"Port %d device: %s, MAC:%s, PCI:%s\n", portid, p->opt.device, pd->mac_addr, pd->pci_addr);
@@ -744,7 +976,7 @@ static int pcap_dpdk_activate(pcap_t *p)
        return ret;
 }
 
        return ret;
 }
 
-// device name for dpdk shoud be in the form as dpdk:number, such as dpdk:0
+// device name for dpdk should be in the form as dpdk:number, such as dpdk:0
 pcap_t * pcap_dpdk_create(const char *device, char *ebuf, int *is_ours)
 {
        pcap_t *p=NULL;
 pcap_t * pcap_dpdk_create(const char *device, char *ebuf, int *is_ours)
 {
        pcap_t *p=NULL;
@@ -754,8 +986,8 @@ pcap_t * pcap_dpdk_create(const char *device, char *ebuf, int *is_ours)
        if (! *is_ours)
                return NULL;
        //memset will happen
        if (! *is_ours)
                return NULL;
        //memset will happen
-       p = pcap_create_common(ebuf, sizeof(struct pcap_dpdk));
-               
+       p = PCAP_CREATE_COMMON(ebuf, struct pcap_dpdk);
+
        if (p == NULL)
                return NULL;
        p->activate_op = pcap_dpdk_activate;
        if (p == NULL)
                return NULL;
        p->activate_op = pcap_dpdk_activate;
@@ -765,40 +997,87 @@ pcap_t * pcap_dpdk_create(const char *device, char *ebuf, int *is_ours)
 int pcap_dpdk_findalldevs(pcap_if_list_t *devlistp, char *ebuf)
 {
        int ret=0;
 int pcap_dpdk_findalldevs(pcap_if_list_t *devlistp, char *ebuf)
 {
        int ret=0;
-       int nb_ports = 0;
+       unsigned int nb_ports = 0;
        char dpdk_name[DPDK_DEV_NAME_MAX];
        char dpdk_desc[DPDK_DEV_DESC_MAX];
        char dpdk_name[DPDK_DEV_NAME_MAX];
        char dpdk_desc[DPDK_DEV_DESC_MAX];
-       struct ether_addr eth_addr;
+       ETHER_ADDR_TYPE eth_addr;
        char mac_addr[DPDK_MAC_ADDR_SIZE];
        char pci_addr[DPDK_PCI_ADDR_SIZE];
        do{
        char mac_addr[DPDK_MAC_ADDR_SIZE];
        char pci_addr[DPDK_PCI_ADDR_SIZE];
        do{
-               ret = dpdk_pre_init(ebuf);
+               // init EAL; return "DPDK not available" if we
+               // have insufficient permission
+               char dpdk_pre_init_errbuf[PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE];
+               ret = dpdk_pre_init(dpdk_pre_init_errbuf, 1);
                if (ret < 0)
                {
                if (ret < 0)
                {
-                       pcap_fmt_errmsg_for_errno(ebuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
-                           errno, "error: Init failed with device");
+                       // This returns a negative value on an error.
+                       snprintf(ebuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
+                           "Can't look for DPDK devices: %s",
+                           dpdk_pre_init_errbuf);
                        ret = PCAP_ERROR;
                        break;
                }
                        ret = PCAP_ERROR;
                        break;
                }
+               if (ret == 0)
+               {
+                       // This means DPDK isn't available on this machine.
+                       // That just means "don't return any devices".
+                       break;
+               }
                nb_ports = rte_eth_dev_count_avail();
                if (nb_ports == 0)
                {
                nb_ports = rte_eth_dev_count_avail();
                if (nb_ports == 0)
                {
-                       pcap_fmt_errmsg_for_errno(ebuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
-                           errno, "DPDK error: No Ethernet ports");
-                       ret = PCAP_ERROR;
+                       // That just means "don't return any devices".
+                       ret = 0;
                        break;
                }
                        break;
                }
-               for (int i=0; i<nb_ports; i++){
-                       pcap_snprintf(dpdk_name,DPDK_DEV_NAME_MAX-1,"dpdk:%d",i);
-                       // mac addr 
+               for (unsigned int i=0; i<nb_ports; i++){
+                       snprintf(dpdk_name, DPDK_DEV_NAME_MAX-1,
+                           "%s%u", DPDK_PREFIX, i);
+                       // mac addr
                        rte_eth_macaddr_get(i, &eth_addr);
                        rte_eth_macaddr_get(i, &eth_addr);
-                       eth_addr_str(&eth_addr,mac_addr,DPDK_MAC_ADDR_SIZE);    
+                       eth_addr_str(&eth_addr,mac_addr,DPDK_MAC_ADDR_SIZE);
                        // PCI addr
                        rte_eth_dev_get_name_by_port(i,pci_addr);
                        // PCI addr
                        rte_eth_dev_get_name_by_port(i,pci_addr);
-                       pcap_snprintf(dpdk_desc,DPDK_DEV_DESC_MAX-1,"%s %s, MAC:%s, PCI:%s", DPDK_DESC, dpdk_name, mac_addr, pci_addr);
-                       // continue add all dev, even error happens
-                       add_dev(devlistp, dpdk_name, 0, dpdk_desc, ebuf);
-               }       
-       }while(0);      
+                       snprintf(dpdk_desc,DPDK_DEV_DESC_MAX-1,"%s %s, MAC:%s, PCI:%s", DPDK_DESC, dpdk_name, mac_addr, pci_addr);
+                       if (pcapint_add_dev(devlistp, dpdk_name, 0, dpdk_desc, ebuf)==NULL){
+                               ret = PCAP_ERROR;
+                               break;
+                       }
+               }
+       }while(0);
        return ret;
 }
        return ret;
 }
+
+#ifdef DPDK_ONLY
+/*
+ * This libpcap build supports only DPDK, not regular network interfaces.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * There are no regular interfaces, just DPDK interfaces.
+ */
+int
+pcapint_platform_finddevs(pcap_if_list_t *devlistp _U_, char *errbuf)
+{
+       return (0);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Attempts to open a regular interface fail.
+ */
+pcap_t *
+pcapint_create_interface(const char *device, char *errbuf)
+{
+       snprintf(errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE, PCAP_ENODEV_MESSAGE, "DPDK");
+       return NULL;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Libpcap version string.
+ */
+const char *
+pcap_lib_version(void)
+{
+       return (PCAP_VERSION_STRING " (DPDK-only)");
+}
+#endif