1.
- Dadas las siguientes funciones vectoriales de variable real, encuentre su derivada y su integral,
así como la ecuación de la recta tangente en t=0. (Graficar con geogebra)
a) 𝑓⃗(𝑡) = (𝑡 2 + 1, 𝑡 − 1, 3𝑡 + 2)
𝑓⃗′ (𝑡) = (2𝑡, 1, 3)
𝑡3 𝑡2 3𝑡 2
∫ 𝑓⃗(𝑡) = ( + 𝑡, − 𝑡, + 2𝑡) + 𝐶⃗
3 2 2
𝐴⃗(0) = (1, −1, 2)
⃗⃗(0) = (0, 1, 3)
𝐵
⃗⃗𝑡 + 𝐴⃗ = (1, 𝑡 − 1, 3𝑡 + 2)
𝑟⃗(𝑥) = 𝐵
b) 𝑓⃗(𝑡) = (2𝑡 3 − 4𝑡 2 + 6𝑡 − 8, 𝑡 2 + 3,2𝑡 2 − 𝑡 + 1)
𝑓⃗′ (𝑡) = (6𝑡 2 − 8𝑡 + 6, 2𝑡, 4𝑡 − 1)
𝑡 4 4𝑡 3 𝑡3 2𝑡 3 𝑡 2
∫ 𝑓(𝑡) = ( − + 3𝑡 2 − 8𝑡, + 3𝑡, − + 𝑡) + 𝐶⃗
2 3 3 3 2
𝐴⃗(0) = (−8, 3, 1)
⃗⃗(0) = (6, 0, −1)
𝐵
⃗⃗𝑡 + 𝐴⃗ = (6𝑡 − 8, 3, −𝑡 + 1)
𝑟⃗(𝑥) = 𝐵
c) 𝑓⃗(𝑡) = (3cos(𝑡), 3𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑡), 3𝑡)
𝑓⃗′ (𝑡) = (−3𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑡), 3cos(𝑡), 3)
3𝑡 2
∫ 𝑓(𝑡) = (3𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑡), −3cos(𝑡), ) + 𝐶⃗
2
𝐴⃗(0) = (3, 0, 0)
⃗⃗(0) = (0, 3, 3)
𝐵
⃗⃗𝑡 + 𝐴⃗ = (−3, 3𝑡, 3𝑡)
𝑟⃗(𝑥) = 𝐵
d) 𝑓⃗(𝑡) = (2 cos(𝑡) , 3𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑡), 4𝑡)
𝑓⃗′ (𝑡) = (−2𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑡), 3cos(𝑡), 4)
4𝑡 2
∫ 𝑓(𝑡) = (2𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑡), −3cos(𝑡), ) + 𝐶⃗
2
𝐴⃗(0) = (2, 0, 0)
⃗⃗(0) = (0, 3, 4)
𝐵
⃗⃗𝑡 + 𝐴⃗ = (2, 3𝑡, 4𝑡)
𝑟⃗(𝑥) = 𝐵
e) 𝑓⃗(𝑡) = (𝑒 2𝑡 , 5 cos(𝑡) , 𝑡 2 + 2𝑡 + 1)
𝑓⃗′ (𝑡) = (2𝑒 2𝑡 , −5𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑡), 2𝑡 + 2)
1 𝑡3
∫ 𝑓(𝑡) = ( 𝑒 2𝑡 , 5𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑡), + 𝑡 2 + 𝑡) + 𝐶⃗
2 3
𝐴⃗(0) = (1, 5, 1)
⃗⃗(0) = (2, 0, 2)
𝐵
⃗⃗𝑡 + 𝐴⃗ = (2𝑡 + 1, 5, 2𝑡 + 1)
𝑟⃗(𝑥) = 𝐵
2.- Encuentre la longitud de las siguientes curvas en los intervalos que se indican.
a) 𝑓⃗(𝑡) = (𝑡 + 3, −2𝑡 + 1, 𝑡)𝑒𝑛 − 1 ≤ 𝑡 ≤ 3
𝑓⃗′(𝑡) = (1, −2, 1)
|𝑓⃗′(𝑡)| = √12 + 22 + 12 = √6
3
3
𝑙 = ∫ √6 𝑑𝑡 = √6𝑡 = √6(3) − √6(−1) = 4√6 = 9.797
−1 −1
b) 𝑓⃗(𝑡) = (2cos(𝑡), 2𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑡), 2𝑡)𝑒𝑛0 ≤ 𝑡 ≤ 3
𝑓⃗′(𝑡) = (−2𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑡), 2cos(𝑡), 2)
|𝑓⃗′(𝑡)| = √(−2𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑡))2 + (2cos(𝑡))2 + 22 = √4𝑠𝑒𝑛2 𝑡 + 4cos2 𝑡 + 4 = 2√2
3
3
∫ 2√2𝑑𝑡 = 2√2𝑡 = 2√2(3) − 2√2(0) = 6√2 = 8.485
0 0
c) 𝑓⃗(𝑡) = (𝑡 2 , 0, 0)𝑒𝑛0 ≤ 𝑡 ≤ 1
𝑓⃗′(𝑡) = (2𝑡, 0, 0)
|𝑓⃗′(𝑡)| = √(2𝑡)2 + 02 + 02 = 2𝑡
1
1
∫ 2𝑡𝑑𝑡 = 𝑡 2 = 12 − 0 = 1
0 0
d) 𝑓⃗(𝑡) = (𝑡 2 , 𝑡, 0)𝑒𝑛0 ≤ 𝑡 ≤ 1
𝑓⃗′(𝑡) = (2𝑡, 1, 0)
|𝑓⃗′(𝑡)| = √(2𝑡)2 + 12 + 02 = √4𝑡 2 + 1
1
∫ √4𝑡 2 + 1 𝑑𝑡 =
0
𝑢2 = 4𝑡 2 𝑎2 = 1
𝑢 = 2𝑡 𝑎=1
1 1 1
= (𝑟√1 + 4𝑡 2 + ln (2𝑡 + √1 + 4𝑡 2 ))
2 2 0
1 1
= (1√1 + 4(1)2 + ln (2(1) + √1 + 4(1)2 ))
2 2
1 1
− (0√1 + 4(0)2 + ln (2(0) + √1 + 4(0)2 ))
2 2
= 1.478
3.- Dada la función vectorial de variable real f(x)=(2cost,2sent,3t), encuentre los vectores
unitarios tangente, normal y binormal (Ň, Ť̂, Ḃ) así como su curvatura y torsión.
Si a=2 ∧ b=3 ⟹
1
𝑇̂ = (−𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑡), 𝑎𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝑡), 𝑏)
√𝑎2 + 𝑏 2
1
𝑇̂ = (−2𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑡), 2𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝑡), 3)
√22 + 32
1
𝑇̂ = (−2𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑡), 2 𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝑡) , 3)
√13
̂ = (−𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑡), −𝑎𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝑡), 0)
𝑁
̂ = (−2𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑡), −2𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝑡), 0)
𝑁
1
𝐵̂ = (𝑏𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑡), −𝑏𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝑡), 𝑎)
√𝑎2 + 𝑏 2
1
𝐵̂ = (3𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑡), −3𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝑡), 2)
√22 + 32
𝑎 2 2
𝑘= = 2 =
𝑎2 + 𝑏 2 2 + 32 13
𝑏 3 3
𝜏= = 2 =
𝑎2 +𝑏 2 2 +3 2 13
4.‐ Dada la función 𝑓(𝑥) = (2𝑡 3 + 2𝑡 − 4, 𝑡 2 , 𝑡) encuentre su curvatura y torsión en:
a) t=0
|𝑓⃗′ (𝑡)𝑥𝑓⃗′′ (𝑡)|
𝑘=
|𝑓⃗′ (𝑡)|3
𝑓⃗′ (𝑡) = (6𝑡 2 + 2, 2𝑡, 1)
𝑓⃗′ ′(𝑡) = (12𝑡, 2,0)
𝑓⃗′ ′′(𝑡) = (12,0,0)
𝑓⃗′ (0) = (2, 0, 1)
𝑓⃗′ ′(0) = (0, 2, 0)
𝑓⃗′ ′′(0) = (12, 0, 0)
𝑖 𝑗 𝑘
|𝑓⃗′ (𝑡)𝑥𝑓⃗′′ (𝑡)| = 2 0 1 = −2𝑖 + 4𝑘 = (−2,0,4) = √(−2)2 + (4)2 = 2√5
0 2 0
3
|𝑓⃗′ (𝑡)|3 = (√(2)2 + (0)2 + (1)2 ) = 5√5
2√5 2
𝑘= =
5√5 5
|𝑓⃗′ (𝑡)𝑓⃗′′ (𝑡)𝑓⃗′′ ′(𝑡)|
𝜏=
|𝑓⃗′ (𝑡)𝑥𝑓⃗′′ (𝑡)|2
2 0 1
⃗
|𝑓 ′ (𝑡)𝑓⃗′′ (𝑡)𝑓⃗′′
′(𝑡)| = 0 2 0 = −24𝑘 = (0,0, −24) = √242 = 24
12 0 0
24 6
𝜏= =
(2√5)2 5
b) t=2
𝑓⃗′ (2) = (26, 4, 1)
𝑓⃗′ ′(2) = (24, 2, 0)
𝑓⃗′ ′′(2) = (12,0,0)
𝑖 𝑗 𝑘
|𝑓⃗′ (𝑡)𝑥𝑓⃗′′ (𝑡)| = 26 4 1 = −2𝑖 + 24𝑗 − 44𝑘 = (−2,24, −44) = 2√629
24 2 0
2√629
𝑘= = 2.75𝑥10−3
(3√77)3
26 4 1
|𝑓⃗′ (𝑡)𝑓⃗′′ (𝑡)𝑓⃗′′ ′(𝑡)| = 24 2 0 = −24𝑘 = (0,0, −24) = √242 = 24
12 0 0
24 6
𝜏= =
(2√629)2 629
c) t=4
𝑓⃗′ (4) = (98, 8,1)
𝑓⃗′ ′(4) = (48, 2, 0)
𝑓⃗′ ′′(4) = (12, 0, 0)
𝑖 𝑗 𝑘
|𝑓⃗′ (𝑡)𝑥𝑓⃗′′ (𝑡)| = 98 8 1 = −2𝑖 + 48𝑗 − 188𝑘 = (−2,48, −188) = √37652
48 2 0
√37652
𝑘= = 2.04𝑥10−4
(√9669)3
26 4 1
⃗
|𝑓 ′ (𝑡)𝑓⃗′′ (𝑡)𝑓⃗′′
′(𝑡)| = 24 2 0 = −24𝑘 = (0,0, −24) = √242 = 24
12 0 0
24
𝜏= = 6.37𝑥10−4
(√37652)2
