TY  - JOUR
AV  - public
N2  - Infection by Trypanosoma brucei gambiense is characterized by a wide array of clinical outcomes, ranging from asymptomatic to acute disease and even spontaneous cure. In this study, we investigated the association between macrophage migrating inhibitory factor (MIF), an important pro-inflammatory cytokine that plays a central role in both innate and acquired immunity, and disease outcome during T. b. gambiense infection. A comparative expression analysis of patients, individuals with latent infection and controls found that MIF had significantly higher expression in patients (n?=?141; 1.25?±?0.07; p?<?.0001) and latent infections (n?=?25; 1.23?±?0.13; p?=?.0005) relative to controls (n?=?46; 0.94?±?0.11). Furthermore, expression decreased significantly after treatment (patients before treatment n?=?33; 1.40?±?0.18 versus patients after treatment n?=?33; 0.99?±?0.10, p?=?.0001). We conducted a genome wide eQTL analysis on 29 controls, 128 cases and 15 latently infected individuals for whom expression and genotype data were both available. Four loci, including one containing the chemokine CXCL13, were found to associate with MIF expression. Genes at these loci are candidate regulators of increased expression of MIF after infection. Our study is the first data demonstrating that MIF expression is elevated in T. b. gambiense-infected human hosts but does not appear to contribute to pathology.
Y1  - 2019/07//
VL  - 71
SN  - 1567-1348
N1  - The authors would like to acknowledge also H3ABioNet, funded under grant number U41HG006941, for the data provided by their imputation service. This study was funded through the Wellcome Trust (study number 099310/Z/12/Z) awarded to the TrypanoGen Consortium, members of H3Africa (099310).
SP  - 108
EP  - 115
PB  - Elsevier
TI  - Macrophage migrating inhibitory factor expression is associated with Trypanosoma brucei gambiense infection and is controlled by trans-acting expression quantitative trait loci in the Guinean population
JF  - Infection, Genetics and Evolution
UR  - https://eprints.gla.ac.uk/183768/
ID  - enlighten183768
A1  - Kaboré, Justin Windingoudi
A1  - Camara, Oumou
A1  - Ilboudo, Hamidou
A1  - Capewell, Paul
A1  - Clucas, Caroline
A1  - Cooper, Anneli
A1  - Kaboré, Jacques
A1  - Camara, Mamadou
A1  - Jamonneau, Vincent
A1  - Hertz-Fowler, Christiane
A1  - Bélem, Adrien Marie Gaston
A1  - Matovu, Enock
A1  - Macleod, Annette
A1  - Sidibé, Issa
A1  - Noyes, Harry
A1  - Bucheton, Bruno
ER  -