About: Magainin

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The magainins are a class of antimicrobial peptides found in the African clawed frog (Xenopus laevis). The peptides are cationic, generally lack a stable conformation in water but form amphipathic α-helix in membranes; their mechanism against micro-organisms is unclear but they disrupt the cell membranes of a broad spectrum of bacteria, protozoa, and fungi.

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dbo:abstract
  • The magainins are a class of antimicrobial peptides found in the African clawed frog (Xenopus laevis). The peptides are cationic, generally lack a stable conformation in water but form amphipathic α-helix in membranes; their mechanism against micro-organisms is unclear but they disrupt the cell membranes of a broad spectrum of bacteria, protozoa, and fungi. They were independently discovered at around the same time by the labs of Michael Zasloff at the NIH and Dudley H. Williams at the University of Cambridge. They were named by Zasloff, after the Hebrew word for "shield," מגן māgēn (Ashkenazi pronunciation: magain). Zasloff helped found a company, Magainin Pharmaceuticals (subsequently called Genaera) to develop magainins into drugs. One candidate was an analog of magainin called pexiganan (MSI-78) that the company developed as a topical agent for infected diabetic foot ulcers; in 1999 the FDA rejected the application because pexiganan was not better than standard treatments. Another company, Dipexium Pharmaceuticals, ran further phase III clinical trials for the same use, which failed in 2016. (en)
  • Le magainine sono una classe di peptidi antimicrobici scoperti in Xenopus laevis. I peptidi in questa classe sono cationici, generalmente mancano di una conformazione stabile in acqua anche se formano una α-elica anfipatica nelle membrane. Anche se il loro meccanismo d'azione contro i microrganismi non è del tutto chiaro, essi mirano a distruggere le membrane cellulari di un ampio spettro di batteri, protozoi e funghi. Furono scoperti in maniera indipendente dai laboratori di Michael Zasloff al NIH e Dudley H. Williams all'Università di Cambridge. Il loro nome è stato dato da Zasloff in onore della parola ebraica "scudo", מגן māgēn (pronuncia in ebraico : magain). Zasloff aiutò a fondare una società, la Magainin Pharmaceuticals (successivamente chiamata Genaera), atta a sviluppare medicinali a base di magainine. Un candidato promettente era un analogo della magainina classica, chiamato pexiganan (MSI-78), che la compagnia sviluppò come agente topico per le ulcere del piede diabetico infette. Tuttavia, nel 1999 la FDA ha respinto la domanda in quanto il pexiganan non era migliore dei trattamenti standard. Un'altra società, Dipexium Pharmaceuticals, ha in seguito condotto ulteriori studi clinici per lo stesso uso, falliti nel 2016 in fase III dei test clinici. (it)
  • Magaininy – peptydy antydrobnoustrojowe wyizolowane ze skóry afrykańskiej żaby Xenopus laevis. Zbudowane z 21-27 aminokwasów, posiadają strukturę α-helisy. Hamują wzrost wielu gatunków bakterii i grzybów i wywołują lizę osmotyczną pierwotniaków. Wykazują silne właściwości przeciwnowotworowe. Wyróżniamy dwa rodzaje – Magaininę-1 i Magaininę-2. Magainina-1 powoduje tworzenie się porów w błonach mitochondrialnych, zaś Magainina-2 wykazuje toksyczność względem komórek raka pęcherza moczowego, piersi, komórek białaczki i innych komórek nowotworowych. (pl)
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  • Magainin
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  • Magainin (en)
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  • Magainin (en)
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  • Magaininy – peptydy antydrobnoustrojowe wyizolowane ze skóry afrykańskiej żaby Xenopus laevis. Zbudowane z 21-27 aminokwasów, posiadają strukturę α-helisy. Hamują wzrost wielu gatunków bakterii i grzybów i wywołują lizę osmotyczną pierwotniaków. Wykazują silne właściwości przeciwnowotworowe. Wyróżniamy dwa rodzaje – Magaininę-1 i Magaininę-2. Magainina-1 powoduje tworzenie się porów w błonach mitochondrialnych, zaś Magainina-2 wykazuje toksyczność względem komórek raka pęcherza moczowego, piersi, komórek białaczki i innych komórek nowotworowych. (pl)
  • The magainins are a class of antimicrobial peptides found in the African clawed frog (Xenopus laevis). The peptides are cationic, generally lack a stable conformation in water but form amphipathic α-helix in membranes; their mechanism against micro-organisms is unclear but they disrupt the cell membranes of a broad spectrum of bacteria, protozoa, and fungi. (en)
  • Le magainine sono una classe di peptidi antimicrobici scoperti in Xenopus laevis. I peptidi in questa classe sono cationici, generalmente mancano di una conformazione stabile in acqua anche se formano una α-elica anfipatica nelle membrane. Anche se il loro meccanismo d'azione contro i microrganismi non è del tutto chiaro, essi mirano a distruggere le membrane cellulari di un ampio spettro di batteri, protozoi e funghi. (it)
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  • Magainina (it)
  • Magainin (en)
  • Magaininy (pl)
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