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- The Hoover-Drickamer effect occurs when adult female mice are exposed to the urine of pregnant and lactating adult female mice, resulting in a longer than typical oestrus period. The effect was first noted by J. E. Hoover and L. C. Drickamer in their 1979 study wherein they randomly assigned adult female mice to one of four treatment conditions: a control group where the subjects were exposed to water, a group that was exposed to the urine of pregnant mice, a group that was exposed to the urine of lactating mice and a group that was exposed to the urine of a singly caged female mouse. The results of their study demonstrated that the adult female mice exposed to urine of pregnant or lactating females exhibited significantly longer mean periods of oestrus than adult females mice that had been in the control group or exposed to the urine of the singly caged female mouse. The female mice exposed to the urine of the pregnant and lactating mice were also found to ovulate during this atypical, longer oestrus period and successfully conceived and bore litters when mated with male mice. Hoover and Drickamer also found that while their initial method had been to psychically paint their subjects with the urine used, when mice were exposed to the urine by a capsule containing a soaked cotton ball, the effect still occurred, demonstrating the airborne nature of the pheromones in the urine of the pregnant and lactating mice. (en)
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- The Hoover-Drickamer effect occurs when adult female mice are exposed to the urine of pregnant and lactating adult female mice, resulting in a longer than typical oestrus period. The effect was first noted by J. E. Hoover and L. C. Drickamer in their 1979 study wherein they randomly assigned adult female mice to one of four treatment conditions: a control group where the subjects were exposed to water, a group that was exposed to the urine of pregnant mice, a group that was exposed to the urine of lactating mice and a group that was exposed to the urine of a singly caged female mouse. (en)
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- Hoover-Drickamer effect (en)
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