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The history of the Kurdistan Workers' Party (PKK) began in 1974 as a Marxist–Leninist organization under the leadership of Abdullah Öcalan. In 1978 the organization adopted the name "Kurdistan Workers Party" and waged its low-level Urban War in Turkish Kurdistan between 1978 and 1980. The PKK restructured itself and moved the organization structure to Syria between 1980 and 1984, after the 1980 Turkish coup d'état. The Kurdish-Turkish conflict began in earnest in 1984. The rural-based insurgency lasted between 1984 and 1992. The PKK shifted its activities to include urban attacks against Turkish military bases between 1993–1995 and later 1996–1999. Öcalan was captured in Kenya in early 1999. After a "self declared peace initiative of 1999", hostilities resumed in February 2004. 2013 saw an

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  • Die Gründung der PKK fiel in eine Zeit politischer Radikalisierung. Die PKK entstand als Strömung im Umfeld der türkischen Gruppe Dev Genc. Mitte der 1970er Jahre legte die kurdische Linke ihre Schwerpunkte auf die Tatsache der Unterentwicklung der von Kurden bevölkerten Regionen und erachtete es bald als notwendig, sich unabhängig von der türkischen Linken zu organisieren. Von 1973 bis 1978 trat diese Strömung/Bewegung als Kürdistan Devrimcileri (Kurdistan Revolutionäre) auf. Von großer Bedeutung schon in der Gründungsphase war die Rolle des späteren PKK-Generalsekretärs Abdullah Öcalan. Wichtige Funktionäre aus der Frühzeit der PKK sind und waren: Abdullah Öcalan, Cemil Bayık, Duran Kalkan, Mazlum Doğan, Ali Haydar Kaytan, Mehmet Şener, Sakine Cansız, Çetin Güngör, Kesire Yıldırım, , , , Haki Karer, Kemal Pir, Şemdin Sakık. (de)
  • The history of the Kurdistan Workers' Party (PKK) began in 1974 as a Marxist–Leninist organization under the leadership of Abdullah Öcalan. In 1978 the organization adopted the name "Kurdistan Workers Party" and waged its low-level Urban War in Turkish Kurdistan between 1978 and 1980. The PKK restructured itself and moved the organization structure to Syria between 1980 and 1984, after the 1980 Turkish coup d'état. The Kurdish-Turkish conflict began in earnest in 1984. The rural-based insurgency lasted between 1984 and 1992. The PKK shifted its activities to include urban attacks against Turkish military bases between 1993–1995 and later 1996–1999. Öcalan was captured in Kenya in early 1999. After a "self declared peace initiative of 1999", hostilities resumed in February 2004. 2013 saw another ceasefire, but the conflict resumed again in 2015 and has continued since. Since 1978, the PKK has been able to evolve and adapt, having gone through a metamorphosis, which became the main factor in its survival. It has gradually grown from a handful of political students to an armed organization of thousands. (en)
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  • YBŞ and PKK guerillas in Northern and Southern Kurdistan in 2017 (en)
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  • YBS and PKK guerrillas (en)
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  • Kurdish_PKK_Guerillas_.jpg (en)
  • Yezidi YBŞ Fighters .jpg (en)
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  • Die Gründung der PKK fiel in eine Zeit politischer Radikalisierung. Die PKK entstand als Strömung im Umfeld der türkischen Gruppe Dev Genc. Mitte der 1970er Jahre legte die kurdische Linke ihre Schwerpunkte auf die Tatsache der Unterentwicklung der von Kurden bevölkerten Regionen und erachtete es bald als notwendig, sich unabhängig von der türkischen Linken zu organisieren. Von 1973 bis 1978 trat diese Strömung/Bewegung als Kürdistan Devrimcileri (Kurdistan Revolutionäre) auf. Von großer Bedeutung schon in der Gründungsphase war die Rolle des späteren PKK-Generalsekretärs Abdullah Öcalan. Wichtige Funktionäre aus der Frühzeit der PKK sind und waren: Abdullah Öcalan, Cemil Bayık, Duran Kalkan, Mazlum Doğan, Ali Haydar Kaytan, Mehmet Şener, Sakine Cansız, Çetin Güngör, Kesire Yıldırım, , , , (de)
  • The history of the Kurdistan Workers' Party (PKK) began in 1974 as a Marxist–Leninist organization under the leadership of Abdullah Öcalan. In 1978 the organization adopted the name "Kurdistan Workers Party" and waged its low-level Urban War in Turkish Kurdistan between 1978 and 1980. The PKK restructured itself and moved the organization structure to Syria between 1980 and 1984, after the 1980 Turkish coup d'état. The Kurdish-Turkish conflict began in earnest in 1984. The rural-based insurgency lasted between 1984 and 1992. The PKK shifted its activities to include urban attacks against Turkish military bases between 1993–1995 and later 1996–1999. Öcalan was captured in Kenya in early 1999. After a "self declared peace initiative of 1999", hostilities resumed in February 2004. 2013 saw an (en)
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  • History of the Kurdistan Workers' Party (en)
  • Geschichte der Arbeiterpartei Kurdistans (de)
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