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- Gongsun Hong (公孫弘; Wade–Giles: Kung-sun Hung; 200 – 121 BCE) was a Chinese philosopher and politician in the Western Han dynasty under Emperor Wu. Together with the more famous Confucian scholar Dong Zhongshu, Gongsun was one of the earliest proponents of Confucianism, setting in motion its emergence under the Han court. The ideals both promoted, together with Gongsun's decrees, would come to be seen as values-in-themselves, becoming the "basic elements, or even hallmarks" of Confucianism. While first proposed and more ardently promoted by Dong, the national academy (then considered radical) and Imperial examination did not come into existence until they were supported by the more successful Gongsun. Their establishment set a precedent that would last into the twentieth century. He was born in Zichuan of the Kingdom of Lu (part of present-day Shandong province). Beginning his political career at age sixty, Gongsun rapidly advanced from commoner to attain a senior appointment in 130BC when he was seventy, becoming grand secretary in 126 and chancellor in 124. One of the Three Dukes, in recognition of canonical mastery he was probably the first Han Confucian to be appointed to high office, the first commoner and first (and only, out of twelve of the time) Confucian to be made chancellor, as well as the first chancellor to be made marquis. He set a precedent for Confucianism as interpreter of portents. (en)
- 공손 홍(公孫弘, 기원전 199년 ~ 기원전 121년)은 전한 중기의 관료로, 자는 계(季) 또는 차경(次卿)이며 치천국 설현(薛縣) 사람이다. 무제 치세에 내사·어사대부·승상을 역임했으며, 전한 최초로 작위 없이 승상에 올라 승상에게 작위를 내리는 관례의 시초가 됐다. 작위와 시호는 평진헌후(平津獻侯)다. (ko)
- 公孫 弘（こうそん こう、紀元前200年 - 紀元前121年）は、前漢の人。字は李、または次卿。菑川国薛県の人。 (ja)
- 公孫弘（前199年－前121年），字季，菑川薛縣人。西漢大臣，武帝時曾擔任御史大夫、官至丞相，封。漢武帝罷黜百家，杜塞言路，雖然首倡儒術為董仲舒，而公孫弘作為丞相對后世負有很大責任。 (zh)
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- 공손 홍(公孫弘, 기원전 199년 ~ 기원전 121년)은 전한 중기의 관료로, 자는 계(季) 또는 차경(次卿)이며 치천국 설현(薛縣) 사람이다. 무제 치세에 내사·어사대부·승상을 역임했으며, 전한 최초로 작위 없이 승상에 올라 승상에게 작위를 내리는 관례의 시초가 됐다. 작위와 시호는 평진헌후(平津獻侯)다. (ko)
- 公孫 弘（こうそん こう、紀元前200年 - 紀元前121年）は、前漢の人。字は李、または次卿。菑川国薛県の人。 (ja)
- 公孫弘（前199年－前121年），字季，菑川薛縣人。西漢大臣，武帝時曾擔任御史大夫、官至丞相，封。漢武帝罷黜百家，杜塞言路，雖然首倡儒術為董仲舒，而公孫弘作為丞相對后世負有很大責任。 (zh)
- Gongsun Hong (公孫弘; Wade–Giles: Kung-sun Hung; 200 – 121 BCE) was a Chinese philosopher and politician in the Western Han dynasty under Emperor Wu. Together with the more famous Confucian scholar Dong Zhongshu, Gongsun was one of the earliest proponents of Confucianism, setting in motion its emergence under the Han court. The ideals both promoted, together with Gongsun's decrees, would come to be seen as values-in-themselves, becoming the "basic elements, or even hallmarks" of Confucianism. While first proposed and more ardently promoted by Dong, the national academy (then considered radical) and Imperial examination did not come into existence until they were supported by the more successful Gongsun. Their establishment set a precedent that would last into the twentieth century. (en)
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- Gongsun Hong (en)
- 공손홍 (ko)
- 公孫弘 (ja)
- 公孫弘 (zh)
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