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The English guitar or guittar (also citra), is a stringed instrument – a type of cittern – popular in many places in Europe from around 1750–1850. It is unknown when the identifier "English" became connected to the instrument: at the time of its introduction to Great Britain, and during its period of popularity, it was apparently simply known as guitar or guittar. The instrument was also known in Norway as a guitarre and France as cistre or guitarre allemande (German guitar). There are many examples in Norwegian museums, like the Norsk Folkemuseum and in British ones, including the Victoria and Albert Museum. The English guitar has a pear-shaped body, a flat base, and a short neck. The instrument is also related to the Portuguese guitar and the German waldzither.

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dbo:abstract
  • La Guitarra Anglesa és un instrument de corda pinçada, d'un tipus semblant al cistre i, que va ser molt popular en molts llocs d'Europa de 1750 a 1850. L'instrument també era conegut a Noruega com guitarre. N'hi ha molts exemples en els museus de Noruega, fins i tot en el . Té una caixa de ressonància amb forma de pera, amb base plana, amb obertura circular, i un coll més curt de l'habitual. Té deu cordes metàl·liques disposades les quatre primeres per parells que comparteixen afinació (començant per la més fina i aguda) i les dues següents amb corda única. Estan afinades C E GG GG ee cc. Les fustes habituals de construcció són nobles: pal sant, spruce i pollancre al seu interior. (ca)
  • La guitarra inglesa es un instrumento de cuerda pulsada en forma de pera con seis órdenes y diez cuerdas. Este cordófono es un tipo de cistro y está relacionado con la guitarra portuguesa y la alemana. Su popularidad se extendió por diversos lugares de Europa desde aproximadamente 1750 hasta 1850, situándose entre la decadencia del laúd y la llegada de la guitarra española de seis cuerdas.​ Se conservan numerosos ejemplares de este tipo de instrumento en instituciones como el Museo de Victoria y Alberto de Londres o el Museo del Pueblo Noruego de Oslo. (es)
  • The English guitar or guittar (also citra), is a stringed instrument – a type of cittern – popular in many places in Europe from around 1750–1850. It is unknown when the identifier "English" became connected to the instrument: at the time of its introduction to Great Britain, and during its period of popularity, it was apparently simply known as guitar or guittar. The instrument was also known in Norway as a guitarre and France as cistre or guitarre allemande (German guitar). There are many examples in Norwegian museums, like the Norsk Folkemuseum and in British ones, including the Victoria and Albert Museum. The English guitar has a pear-shaped body, a flat base, and a short neck. The instrument is also related to the Portuguese guitar and the German waldzither. Early examples had tuning pegs (similar to a violin or lute), but many museum examples have what are commonly referred to now as Preston tuners, an innovation that appears closely linked with the instrument. In the 1760s J.N. Preston of London invented watch-key tuning, which was better suited to the instrument’s short metal strings than the original peg tuning. Dublin-made instruments of the 1760s often use the worm-gear tuning later adopted by the Spanish guitar. The English guitar's popularity reflected the desire of the wealthy class to play a simple musical instrument. Burney recounted (in ‘Guitarra’, Rees's Cyclopaedia, 1802–19) how its vogue about 1765 was so great among all ranks of people as nearly to ruin the harpsichord makers; but Jacob Kirkman retrieved the situation by giving cheap guitars to milliner girls and street ballad singers, thereby shaming the richer ladies into returning to the harpsichord. (en)
  • Gitara angielska (ang. guittar, citra, English guitar, fr. guitare angloise) – instrument muzyczny, chordofon złożony szarpany podobny do cytary (ang. cittern), szczególnie popularny w II poł. XVIII w. i na początku XIX w. (pl)
  • Англійська гітара (англ. English guitar) — струнний щипковий музичний інструмент, різновид цистри, що був поширений у Європі у кінці XVIII — початку XIX століття. (uk)
  • Английская гитара (англ. English guitar) — струнный щипковый музыкальный инструмент из семейства цистр (а не гитар, как можно было бы предположить по названию). Была распространена в Европе приблизительно в 1750—1850 гг. Типичная разновидность английской гитары содержала 10 струн, из которых четыре верхние были парными; типичная настройка: c, e, g, c1, e1, g1; существовали также 12-струнные инструменты с хорами для всех шести звуковысот. (ru)
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dbp:classification
  • String instrument (en)
dbp:developed
  • 18 (xsd:integer)
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  • 321.322000 (xsd:double)
dbp:hornbostelSachsDesc
  • Chordophone with permanently attached resonator and neck, sounded by a plectrum (en)
dbp:imageCapt
  • English guitar made by William Gibson in 1772 (en)
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  • 120 (xsd:integer)
dbp:name
  • English guitar (en)
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rdfs:comment
  • La guitarra inglesa es un instrumento de cuerda pulsada en forma de pera con seis órdenes y diez cuerdas. Este cordófono es un tipo de cistro y está relacionado con la guitarra portuguesa y la alemana. Su popularidad se extendió por diversos lugares de Europa desde aproximadamente 1750 hasta 1850, situándose entre la decadencia del laúd y la llegada de la guitarra española de seis cuerdas.​ Se conservan numerosos ejemplares de este tipo de instrumento en instituciones como el Museo de Victoria y Alberto de Londres o el Museo del Pueblo Noruego de Oslo. (es)
  • Gitara angielska (ang. guittar, citra, English guitar, fr. guitare angloise) – instrument muzyczny, chordofon złożony szarpany podobny do cytary (ang. cittern), szczególnie popularny w II poł. XVIII w. i na początku XIX w. (pl)
  • Англійська гітара (англ. English guitar) — струнний щипковий музичний інструмент, різновид цистри, що був поширений у Європі у кінці XVIII — початку XIX століття. (uk)
  • Английская гитара (англ. English guitar) — струнный щипковый музыкальный инструмент из семейства цистр (а не гитар, как можно было бы предположить по названию). Была распространена в Европе приблизительно в 1750—1850 гг. Типичная разновидность английской гитары содержала 10 струн, из которых четыре верхние были парными; типичная настройка: c, e, g, c1, e1, g1; существовали также 12-струнные инструменты с хорами для всех шести звуковысот. (ru)
  • La Guitarra Anglesa és un instrument de corda pinçada, d'un tipus semblant al cistre i, que va ser molt popular en molts llocs d'Europa de 1750 a 1850. L'instrument també era conegut a Noruega com guitarre. N'hi ha molts exemples en els museus de Noruega, fins i tot en el . Té una caixa de ressonància amb forma de pera, amb base plana, amb obertura circular, i un coll més curt de l'habitual. Té deu cordes metàl·liques disposades les quatre primeres per parells que comparteixen afinació (començant per la més fina i aguda) i les dues següents amb corda única. Estan afinades C E GG GG ee cc. (ca)
  • The English guitar or guittar (also citra), is a stringed instrument – a type of cittern – popular in many places in Europe from around 1750–1850. It is unknown when the identifier "English" became connected to the instrument: at the time of its introduction to Great Britain, and during its period of popularity, it was apparently simply known as guitar or guittar. The instrument was also known in Norway as a guitarre and France as cistre or guitarre allemande (German guitar). There are many examples in Norwegian museums, like the Norsk Folkemuseum and in British ones, including the Victoria and Albert Museum. The English guitar has a pear-shaped body, a flat base, and a short neck. The instrument is also related to the Portuguese guitar and the German waldzither. (en)
rdfs:label
  • English guitar (en)
  • Guitarra anglesa (ca)
  • Guitarra inglesa (es)
  • Gitara angielska (pl)
  • Английская гитара (ru)
  • Англійська гітара (uk)
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