govendor用法

为什么使用govendor

go语言的依赖管理最主要的是版本控制问题。
govendor是Golang的依赖包管理工具，它的出现可以避免不同用户在clone同一个项目后从外部获取不同依赖库版本的问题。
govendor会将项目需要的依赖包添加到项目的vendor目录下，并且该目录中vendor.json文件会保存添加的依赖包的路径等信息。
Golang项目中的go文件在查找依赖的顺序是，先在vendor中查找，vendor没找到然后在GOPATH中查找，都没找到最后在GOROOT中查找。
govendor只是用来管理项目的依赖包，如果GOPATH中本身没有项目的依赖包，则需要通过go get先下载到GOPATH中，再通过govendor add +external拷贝到vendor目录中。

基本用法

安装govendor：go get -u github.com/kardianos/govendor
如果需要使用vendor的项目原本没有vendor，那么需要在该项目的目录下创建vendor
govendor init
之后如果需要添加依赖包，可以通过以下两种方式添加
govendor fetch 依赖包路径
govendor add 依赖包路径

.gitignore的配置：

/vendor/*
!/vendor/vendor.json

根据vendor.json下载依赖：govendor sync

govendor用法例子：

cd path/to/project
govendor init
govendor fetch project_url_with_out_http
cat vendor/vendor.json

govendor常用命令

• 增加包，搜add，会得到add和fetch这2个命令。
• 更新包，搜update，会得到update和fetch这2个命令。
• 删除包，搜remove，得到remove这个命令。
• 查看已经依赖的包，搜list，得到list、status、license命令，而符合你的是list，并且知道了status能列出过期的包。

➜  project_name git:(develop) govendor --help
govendor (v1.0.9): record dependencies and copy into vendor folder
    -govendor-licenses    Show govendor's licenses.
    -version              Show govendor version
    -cpuprofile 'file'    Writes a CPU profile to 'file' for debugging.
    -memprofile 'file'    Writes a heap profile to 'file' for debugging.

Sub-Commands

    init     Create the "vendor" folder and the "vendor.json" file.
    list     List and filter existing dependencies and packages.
    add      Add packages from $GOPATH.
    update   Update packages from $GOPATH.
    remove   Remove packages from the vendor folder.
    status   Lists any packages missing, out-of-date, or modified locally.
    fetch    Add new or update vendor folder packages from remote repository.
    sync     Pull packages into vendor folder from remote repository with revisions
                 from vendor.json file.
    migrate  Move packages from a legacy tool to the vendor folder with metadata.
    get      Like "go get" but copies dependencies into a "vendor" folder.
    license  List discovered licenses for the given status or import paths.
    shell    Run a "shell" to make multiple sub-commands more efficient for large
                 projects.

    go tool commands that are wrapped:
      "+status" package selection may be used with them
    fmt, build, install, clean, test, vet, generate, tool

Status Types

    +local    (l) packages in your project
    +external (e) referenced packages in GOPATH but not in current project
    +vendor   (v) packages in the vendor folder
    +std      (s) packages in the standard library

    +excluded (x) external packages explicitly excluded from vendoring
    +unused   (u) packages in the vendor folder, but unused
    +missing  (m) referenced packages but not found

    +program  (p) package is a main package

    +outside  +external +missing
    +all      +all packages

    Status can be referenced by their initial letters.

Package specifier
    <path>[::<origin>][{/...|/^}][@[<version-spec>]]

Ignoring files with build tags, or excluding packages from being vendored:
    The "vendor.json" file contains a string field named "ignore".
    It may contain a space separated list of build tags to ignore when
    listing and copying files.
    This list may also contain package prefixes (containing a "/", possibly
    as last character) to exclude when copying files in the vendor folder.
    If "foo/" appears in this field, then package "foo" and all its sub-packages
    ("foo/bar", …) will be excluded (but package "bar/foo" will not).
    By default the init command adds the "test" tag to the ignore list.

If using go1.5, ensure GO15VENDOREXPERIMENT=1 is set.