python opencv 调用 海康威视工业相机（又全又细又简洁）

1.准备工作

准备一个海康相机

下载MVS 和SDK

2.python MVS示例

（说明：MVS里有很多python示例，可以直接运行，但没有用opencv）

下载完MVS后，我们打开路径安装路径

我的：

D:\soft\MVS\MVS\Development\Samples\Python\BasicDemo

D:\soft\MVS\MVS\Development\Samples\Python\MvImport

可以看到有很多现成的示例。

我们借用一下"D:\soft\MVS\MVS\Development\Samples\Python\BasicDemo\BasicDemo.py"

创建 python项目test_HKcamera

复制BasicDemo.py

发现一片红，

我们把

D:\soft\MVS\MVS\Development\Samples\Python\BasicDemo

D:\soft\MVS\MVS\Development\Samples\Python\MvImport

里面的文件都复制过来

复制后，如图所示：

运行后：

成功输出画面。

3. python opencv 调用

创建test_HKcamera_opencv文件夹

创建test_hk_opecv.py文件

把第二节的文件复制进来

如图：

test_hk_opecv.py完整代码如下：

import cv2
import numpy as np
from MvCameraControl_class import *
from CameraParams_header import *


#-------------------opencv操作部分--------------------------------------
def opencv_action(img):
    #自己定义操作
    result_img = img
    return result_img

#-----------------------海康相机设置部分---------------------------------------

ret = MvCamera.MV_CC_Initialize()
if ret != 0:
    print(f"初始化SDK失败，错误码: {ret}")
    exit()

# 枚举设备
deviceList = MV_CC_DEVICE_INFO_LIST()
n_layer_type = MV_GIGE_DEVICE | MV_USB_DEVICE | MV_GENTL_CAMERALINK_DEVICE
ret = MvCamera.MV_CC_EnumDevices(n_layer_type, deviceList)
if ret != 0:
    print("枚举设备失败")
    exit()

print(f"找到 {deviceList.nDeviceNum} 台设备")
if deviceList.nDeviceNum == 0:
    exit()

stDeviceList = cast(deviceList.pDeviceInfo[0], POINTER(MV_CC_DEVICE_INFO)).contents

camera = MvCamera()

ret = camera.MV_CC_CreateHandle(stDeviceList)

# 打开设备（使用已创建的句柄）
ret = camera.MV_CC_OpenDevice()
if ret != 0:
    print(f"打开设备失败，错误码: {ret}")
    exit()



# 获取相机参数
width = c_uint()
height = c_uint()
pixel_format = c_uint()
payload_size = c_uint()
stParam = MVCC_INTVALUE()

ret = camera.MV_CC_GetIntValue("PayloadSize", stParam)
if ret != 0:
    print(f"获取PayloadSize失败，错误码: {ret}")
    exit()
payload_size.value = stParam.nCurValue

# 获取宽度
ret = camera.MV_CC_GetIntValue("Width", stParam)
if ret != 0:
    print(f"获取宽度失败，错误码: {ret}")
    exit()
width.value = stParam.nCurValue

# 获取高度
ret = camera.MV_CC_GetIntValue("Height", stParam)
if ret != 0:
    print(f"获取高度失败，错误码: {ret}")
    exit()
height.value = stParam.nCurValue

print(width.value,height.value)



pixel_format.value = 17301505  # RGB8
# 或
#pixel_format.value = 17301514  # Mono8

#曝光时间
exposure_time = 15000  # 单位：微秒
ret = camera.MV_CC_SetFloatValue("ExposureTime", exposure_time)



# 开始抓图
ret = camera.MV_CC_StartGrabbing()
if ret != 0:
    print(f"开始抓图失败，错误码: {ret}")
    exit()

# 分配缓冲区
data_buf = (c_ubyte * payload_size.value)()
data_size = c_uint(payload_size.value)

stFrameInfo = MV_FRAME_OUT_INFO_EX()

#-----------------------------------------------运行部分---------------------------



# 创建OpenCV窗口
cv2.namedWindow("Camera", cv2.WINDOW_NORMAL)

try:
    while True:
        data_buf = (c_ubyte * payload_size.value)()
        ret = camera.MV_CC_GetOneFrameTimeout(
            byref(data_buf),
            payload_size.value,
            stFrameInfo,
            1000
        )

        if ret == 0:
            #print(f"获取到帧: 宽度={stFrameInfo.nWidth}, 高度={stFrameInfo.nHeight}, "f"像素格式={stFrameInfo.enPixelType}, 帧大小={stFrameInfo.nFrameLen}")

            frame = np.frombuffer(data_buf, dtype=np.uint8)
            actual_width = stFrameInfo.nWidth
            actual_height = stFrameInfo.nHeight

            if stFrameInfo.enPixelType == 17301505:  # RGB8
                expected_size = actual_width * actual_height * 3
                if len(frame) != expected_size:
                    print(f"数据大小不匹配: 期望 {expected_size}, 实际 {len(frame)}")
                    continue

                frame = frame.reshape((actual_height, actual_width, 3))
                frame = cv2.cvtColor(frame, cv2.COLOR_RGB2BGR)
            elif stFrameInfo.enPixelType == 17301514:  # Mono8
                expected_size = actual_width * actual_height
                if len(frame) != expected_size:
                    print(f"数据大小不匹配: 期望 {expected_size}, 实际 {len(frame)}")
                    continue

                frame = frame.reshape((actual_height, actual_width))
            elif stFrameInfo.enPixelType == 17301513:  # 可能是 Bayer 格式
                expected_size = actual_width * actual_height
                if len(frame) != expected_size:
                    print(f"数据大小不匹配: 期望 {expected_size}, 实际 {len(frame)}")
                    continue

                frame = frame.reshape((actual_height, actual_width))
                frame = cv2.cvtColor(frame, cv2.COLOR_BayerGB2BGR)

                frame = opencv_action(frame)
            else:
                print(f"不支持的像素格式: {stFrameInfo.enPixelType}")
                break

            cv2.imshow("Camera", frame)

            if cv2.waitKey(1) & 0xFF == ord("q"):
                break

        else:
            print(f"获取图像失败，错误码: {ret}")
            break



finally:
    # 停止抓图
    camera.MV_CC_StopGrabbing()
    # 关闭设备
    camera.MV_CC_CloseDevice()
    # 销毁句柄
    camera.MV_CC_DestroyHandle()
    # 销毁窗口
    cv2.destroyAllWindows()

完整代码如下：

通过网盘分享的文件：py_opencv_HK
链接:https://pan.baidu.com/s/1DmrVSV1LT9zGBCRx3nIKAQ

提取码: usii

4.花絮

不知道哪个教程教的=-=

# 创建设备句柄

handle = c_void_p()

stDeviceList = cast(deviceList.pDeviceInfo[0], POINTER(MV_CC_DEVICE_INFO)).contents

# 创建相机实例并调用方法（关键修正点）
camera = MvCamera()  # 实例化 MvCamera 类

#方法一：
ret = camera.MV_CC_CreateHandle(stDeviceList)
#报错：TypeError: MvCamera.MV_CC_GetIntValue() takes 3 positional arguments but 4 were given

#方法二：
#ret = MvCamera.MV_CC_CreateHandle(byref(handle), stDeviceList)
#报错AttributeError: '_ctypes.CArgObject' object has no attribute 'handle'

#方法三：
#ret = MvCamera.MV_CC_CreateHandle(byref(stDeviceList))
#报错TypeError: MvCamera.MV_CC_CreateHandle() missing 1 required positional argument: 'stDevInfo'

#方法四：
#ret = camera.MV_CC_OpenDevice(byref(handle),byref(stDeviceList))
#报错TypeError: MvCamera.MV_CC_CreateHandle() missing 1 required positional argument: 'stDevInfo'



# 打开设备（使用已创建的句柄）
ret = MvCamera.MV_CC_OpenDevice(handle)
if ret != 0:
    print(f"打开设备失败，错误码: {ret}")
    exit()

创建

handle = c_void_p()

就疯狂报错。