Introduction to
climatology
INDEX
Definition Of Pleasure Belts
Equatorial Low Pressure Region
Sub Tropical High Pressure Belts
Polar Heights
Polar Highs
Sub Polar Lows
Coriolis Effects
PRESSURE BELTS
DEFINATION
A region on the earth that is dominated by
either high pressure cells or low pressure cells is
called a pressure belts
The horizontal distribution of air pressure across
the latitudes is characterized by high or low
pressure belts
Equator divides the globe into northern
hemisphere and southern hemisphere.
And equatorial belt extends up to “5”
degree north and “5” degree south .
Equatorial belt receive vertical rays of the
sunrays heats up the air at the
equatorial .
When temperature increases pressure
decreases
EQUATORIAL LOW PRESSURE BELTS
When temperature increases pressure decreases ,so along
the equator there is a low pressure so, we call this region as
equatorial low pressure belt.
The warm air raises up in the troposphere as the warm
air increases temperature drops . after raising up to the
certain point its stops raising upwards because it become
cooler . And it is absorbed by tropopause . So the air
spreads out and air starts moving southern and northern
direction . As the air moving the air becomes
denser .after some points sinks to down to the ground .
so at the 30degree north and 30degree south we have
sinking air .[this sinking air is the cool air so it forms high
pressure system .
SUBTROPICAL HIGH PRESSURE BELTS
At 30 degree north and 30 degree south is known as subtropical
high pressure belts . because these region lay outside the
tropical region and at the same time at joining the tropical
regions the sinking air moves towards north and south . So
along the equator the warm air raises spreads out and cools and
sinks down in this way it develops convectional currents .
POLAR HIGHS
At the poles the sun rays are very much inclined. So we have
cold air that sinks these regions are known as POLAR HIGHS .
In northern hemisphere air moves towards south and in southern
hemisphere air moves towards north .at this point we have air
coming from north and south , so this point the air convergence
raises up .so at this point known as SUB POLAR LOW .
So at 60 degree latitude we have low pressure system . Because
we have raising air .
Along the equator the air is raising because due to the convection
currents .and at the sub polar region the raising air due to the because of
convergence . This raising air also spread out and cools and sinks . The same
thing happens in the southern part also .
Coriolis effect
On the surface of the earth along the equator. The winds moves from high
pressure region to low pressure region [that is from sub tropical high to
equatorial low in the northern and southern hemisphere.
This winds binds right in northern hemisphere and towards left in southern
hemisphere . And this is described as Coriolis effect . this winds binds
towards right in northern hemisphere and left in southern hemisphere
respectively because the earth is in spherical in shape . And the earths
rotate from {west to east} in the same way in the 30 and 60 degree north
and south winds bends towards right in north hemisphere and left in south
hemisphere.
Even at the polar region same phenomenon happens .
SUBMITTED BY :
LAKHMI PRIYA
