Origin of R
Programming
The history of R
• During the 1970s at Bell Labs, which
is large mainframes allowed
engineers to explore data on an
unprecedented scale.
• Although S was developed here, its
limitations led to R’s eventual
creation in the 1990s.
• R embraced S’s statistical
foundations.
The Headquarters of Bell Laboratories is located New Jersey ,USA.
This is what it looked like in 1970s.
The Root’s of R
The S programming language
developed in early 1970s by John Chambers and his team at
Bell Laboratories.
Purpose: Designed for data analysis and statistical computing
developed, which made making data manipulation easier for
statisticians.
Influence: Talking about R's roots this language Inspired the
creation of R.
The Root’s of R
• First book is introduced in 1988 it’s description is “how to program in s”
• And second book is seen for first time in 1991 statistical model in S describers some new extension of language
and variety of new approach to dealing with model in data analysis
• They came to be called as “The Blue and White book” from the colors of the covers very relevant when we talk
about R.
From R to S
• R would replicated most of what was in the blue book and white book as a
description of how the language worked and also the features of the language that
were described in that book.
• 1993: R was initially created by Ross Ihaka
and Robert Gentleman at the University of
Auckland, New Zealand.
• 1995: The first official version of R,
(R 0.49), was released.
Evolution of R-Language
• All of this resulted on February 29th 2000 release of Version 1.0 (R.1.0)of
R software.
• Limited Compact discs of Version 1.0 bar
autographed by 13 members R-core
group at that time.
The R Revolution
• CRAN the backbone of R-Language
CRAN was established in 1997, and after R's first stable release, it
quickly became a key resource for sharing packages, growing into
today’s massive ecosystem.
• It’s like R’s App Store.
• In 2005, with intro of ggplot2 R has transformed data visualization,
enabling high-quality graphics with simple code.
Developments in R
Language
• RStudio’s Game-Changing Release (2011)
In 2011, RStudio launched as the first major integrated development
environment (IDE) for R. RStudio made R accessible to new users and
became the standard interface for data analysis.
• The Tidyverse Era Begins (2016)
Hadley Wickham and his team introduced the
Tidyverse, a collection of packages that streamlined
data manipulation and analysis. Tidyverse packages
like dplyr and tidyr became essential tools, making
R more beginner-friendly.”
Why R Was Developed Despite S? why this
become so popular among statisticians?
•Open Source Philosophy:
Created as a free alternative to S, promoting accessibility and collaboration,
its affordability for statisticians and data scientists worldwide.
•Desire for Flexibility:
Allowing users to add new features easily, fostering a rich ecosystem of packages and resources.
•Enhanced Graphics Capabilities:
Improved visualization tools, including popular packages like ggplot2 for better data
presentation.
•User-Friendly Syntax:
Lowering barriers to entry.
•Integration with Other Languages:
Facilitated integration with languages like Python and C++, enhancing versatility in data analysis.
•Educational Focus:
Became a popular teaching tool in academia due to its accessibility and robust documentation.
Conclusion
• R boasts over 18,000 packages on CRAN, showcasing its vibrant community.
• Used by major companies like Google and Facebook, R proves its relevance across industries
• The name 'R' is a nod to its creators, Ross Ihaka and Robert Gentleman, as well as its roots in
the S language.
• Understanding its origins provides insight into its capabilities and future potential.
“ If data is the new oil, and R is one of the best tools to refine it!”
Thank you!
Email: shivarpitm@[Link]
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