CD 321
MULTIMEDIA TECHNOLOGY II
Lecture 1:
Multimedia Database, System and
Architecture
COURSE ORGANIZATION
Lectures
Assignments
1 Test
Quizzes
COURSE DETAILS
• Fundamental concepts: Introduction and multimedia
data representation, multimedia data compression
technologies, Multimedia architectural subsystems
(Application subsystem and transport subsystems),
World-Wide-Web architectures.
• Multimedia Communication and Networking
• Multimedia Protocols: Internet Transport Protocols
(TCP/UDP, HTTP
• Multimedia Information Sharing and Retrieval
• Multimedia Databases Systems
• Multimedia Operating Systems
MULTIMEDIA DATABASE (MMDB)
MULTIMEDIA DATABASE (MMDB)
MMDB is a collection of related multimedia data,
which include one or more primary media data types
such as text , images, graphic objects (including
drawings, sketches and illustrations) animation
sequences, audio and video .
A Multimedia Database Management System
(MMDBMS) is a framework that manages different
types of data potentially represented in a wide
diversity of formats .
It provides support for multimedia data types, and
facilitate for creation, storage, access, query and
control of a multimedia database
MMDB CONTENT
Multimedia Database (MMDB) hosts one or more multimedia
data types .
These data types are broadly categorized into three classes:
1. Static media (time independent, constant, non interactive
e.g. image and graphic object ).
2. Dynamic media (time dependent, moving, interactive, e.g.
Audio , video and animation).
3. Dimensional media (3D game and computer aided drafting
programs). E.g. virtual reality, 9-D movies
MMDB CONTENT
Multimedia Database (MMDB) needs to manage additional information
pertaining to the actual multimedia data. i.e.
1. Media data: the actual data representing an object.
2. Media format data: information about the format of the media data
after it goes through the processing, and encoding phases. It is used to
present the retrieved information.
3. Media keyword data: the keyword descriptions, usually relating to the
generation of the media data. It is used as indices for searching purpose.
4. Media feature data: It contains content dependent data such as contain
information about the distribution of colors, the kinds of textures and
the different shapes present in an image. It is also used as indices for
searching purpose.
5. (The last three types are called metadata as they describe several
different aspects of the media data.
MMDB FEATURES
Like the traditional databases, Multimedia databases should address the
following requirements:
Integration: Data items do not need to be duplicated for different
programs invocations.
Ensures database consistency between transactions
Data independence : Separate the database and the management from
the application programs.
Concurrency control :Allows concurrent transactions.
Persistence: Data objects can be saved and re-used by different
transactions and program invocations.
Privacy: Access and authorization control.
Recovery: Failures of transactions should not affect the persistent data
storage.
Query support: Allows easy querying of multimedia data.
ISSUES AND CHALLENGE OF MMDB
Multimedia data consists of a variety of media formats
or file representations including TIFF, BMP, PPT ,
IVUE, FPX, JPEG , MPEG, AVI, MID, WAV, DOC, GIF,
E PS, PNG, etc.
Because of restrictions on the conversion from one
format to the other, the use of the data in a specific
format has been limited.
CONTD..
Usually, the data size of multimedia is large such as
video; therefore, multimedia data often require a large
storage.
Multimedia database consume a lot of processing time,
as well as bandwidth
CONTD..
Integrate different data models :Some data such as numeric and
textual data are best handled using a relational database
model, while some others such as video documents are better
handled using an object-oriented database model. So these
two models should coexist together in MMDBs.
Synchronization of different media types while presenting to
user: It is likely that different media types corresponding to a
single multimedia object are stored in different formats, on
different devices, and have different rates of transfer. Thus they
need to be periodically synchronized for presentation
ADVANTAGES OF MMDB
Integrated administration of huge amounts of multimedia
data
Optimized storage
Efficient access
Manifold complex search possibilities
Referential integrity of links
Transaction protected multiuser mode
Recovery
APPLICATIONS AREAS
Digital Libraries is an organized collection of sources of
information and similar resources
News-on-Demand
Video-on-Demand allow users to select and watch/listen to
video or audio content when they choose to, rather than having
to watch at a specific broadcast time.
Music database- Collection of music and/or their lyrics. E.g. in
Saavn webstore
Geographic Information Systems (GIS)- system designed to
capture, store, manipulate , analyse, manage, and present all
types of spatial or geographical data
Telemedicine- use of telecommunication and information
technologies in order to provide clinical health care at a distance
MULTIMEDIA SYSTEM AND ARCHITECTURE
COMPONENTS OF MULTIMEDIA SYSTEM
Categorised as ‘live’ or ‘orchestrated’
i. Live applications involve interaction among users.
Eg. Video Conferencing
ii. Orchestrated applications reproduces the data that
was previously generated and stored in some
medium. Eg. Pay per view movies.
CONT…
In order to satisfy the requirements of these categories of
applications, various Multimedia Architectures are used.
Multimedia systems can either be standalone , server or
networked.
Standalone Multimedia System: consist of storage
subsystem , which is a database and storage devices
where media content resides.
Server Multimedia System: consist of both storage
subsystem and networked subsystem in levels.
Networked Multimedia System: consist of both
networked subsystem.
LAYERED ARCHITECTURE
Lower layer provide functionality to upper layers.
CONTD.
Storage Subsystem and Network Subsystem (Layer 1)
:-> These services are central to multimedia system and
is normally part of OS services.
End-To-End QoS (Layer 2) :-> This layer deals with
maintaining connection between source of the
multimedia content and the destination.
For Standalone system : Source -> multimedia database
For Networked system : Source -> multimedia server
QoS (Quality of Service) comprises of delay, jitter, and
packet loss probability.
CONTD…
Media Management (Layer 3) :-> It provides general
services like media synchronization and media stream
management . Also it ensures temporal and spatial
relationships between media streams.
Application Layer (Layer 4) :-> Interface with the user,
to provide access and control to the presentation
