Shell Roof Construction Overview
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vaibhavShell Roof Construction Overview
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vaibhavSHEEL ROOF
TYPES OF THIN SHELL STRUCTURES
HISTORY
Shell construction began in the 1920s; the shell emerged as a major long-span concrete structure after World War II.
Concrete Shell Structures -
A shell roof may be defined as a structural curved skin covering a given plan shape and area. Often cast as monolithic dome or stressed ribbon bridge or saddle roof
• Shells are primarily a structural element.
• Strength of any particular shell is inherent in its shape
• Quantity of material required to cover a given plan shape and area is generally less than other forms of roofing.
SHELLS
– Curved structures
– Capable of transmitting loads in more than two directions to supports
– The ideal thin shell must be capable of developing both tension and compression.
SHELL STRUCTURES
– keep their shape and support loads, even without a frame, or solid mass material
inside
– use a thin, carefully shaped, outer layer of material, to provide their strength and
rigidity.
THIN SHELL STRUCTURES Lattice Shell Structures -
– Light weight constructions using shell elements Also called grid-shell structures Often in the form of a geodesic dome or a hyperboloid structure
– Typically curved elements
– Are assembled to large structures
TYPICAL APPLICATIONS
Fuselages of Aeroplanes Boat Hulls Roof Structures of some buildings Membrane Structures –
Fabric structures and other tensile structures, cable domes, and pneumatic structures
THICKNESS OF SHELLS
• The thickness of the slab elements are normally governed by the number of layers of reinforcing
bars.
• For shells of double curvature, there are usually only two layers.
FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES OF SHELL STRUCTURES
CHOICE OF GEOMETRY
• A shell’s structural behaviour is derived directly from its form.
• Thus when designing a shell-like structure, the fundamental consideration is the choice of
geometry.
• This not only dictates the æsthetics, but the overall efficiency and behaviour under load of the
structural system.
The basis for curved geometry, as discussed by Williams, can be sculptural, geometric or defined by a
natural physical process.
THICKNESS
• It has a thickness smaller as compared to other dimensions
• Deformations in these dimensions are not large as compared to thickness
STRENGTH
• Its shape spreads forces throughout the whole structure
• Every part supports only a small part of the load, giving it its strength
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