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Understanding Matter: Properties & Density

The document describes different properties of matter including physical properties like mass, volume, density as well as chemical properties. Mass is the quantity of matter in an object and volume is the amount of space it takes up, while density relates mass and volume and can be calculated using the density equation. Examples are provided to demonstrate calculating density using measurements of mass and volume.

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176 views10 pages

Understanding Matter: Properties & Density

The document describes different properties of matter including physical properties like mass, volume, density as well as chemical properties. Mass is the quantity of matter in an object and volume is the amount of space it takes up, while density relates mass and volume and can be calculated using the density equation. Examples are provided to demonstrate calculating density using measurements of mass and volume.

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Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
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Describing Matter

2.2
 Matter has different properties
Matter  Physical properties
 Chemical properties
Physical Properties

 Physical property: characteristic that can be observed or


measured without changing its chemical identity
 It is separated into two types: qualitative & quantitative
 Qualitative physical properties can be described and compared
using words
 Quantitative physical properties can be measured and assigned a
value
Qualitative: colour, odour, smell, texture, state etc.
Quantitative:

 - boiling point, melting point, freezing


point, mass, volume, and density
 All matter has two things in common: mass
and volume
 Mass: quantity of matter in an object or
sample
 A balance is used to measure mass
 Common units include kilograms (kg), gram (g),
and milligram (mg)
Mass & Volume  Volume: amount of space a substance takes
up
 Solid is measured in cubic units: cubic metres
(m3), or cubic centimetres (cm3)
 Liquid & gas is measured in litres (L), or
millilitres (mL)
 Density is a physical property related to
mass and volume
 Density: quantity of mass in a certain
Density volume of material
 Units include grams per cubic centimeter
(g/cm3) for solids, and grams per milliliter
(g/mL) for liquids and gases
Calculating Density

 Density it not measured directly, you measure the mass and volume
then calculate it using the equation:

𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠
𝑑𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑦 =
𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒
 Jet fuel is tested to ensure it meets certain standards.
One standard is density. If a sample of jet fuel has a
mass of 8.30 g and a volume of 10.3 mL, what is its
density?

mass = 8.30 g
Density volume = 10.3 mL
Example 𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠
𝑑𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑦 =
𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒
8.30 𝑔
=
10.3 𝑚𝐿
𝑔
= 0.806 𝑚𝐿
 You have a rock with a volume of 15cm3 and a mass of
45 g. What is its density?

You try… 𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 45 𝑔 𝑔


𝑑𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑦 = = = 3.0
𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒 15 𝑐𝑚3 𝑐𝑚3

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