University Institute of the North.

Subject: Observation Practices III.

Professor: MSc.Jéssica Guadalupe Casillas.

Analysis of the Interview with Gloria by Albert Ellis TRE

Rubric 1.

Bina: María Ninfa Loza Valdés and Isac Jafel Carrillo Santoyo.

Degree: Bachelor in Humanistic Psychology.

Grado:QuintoTetramestre.

Fecha:29 de Enero; 2024.

Three Approaches to Psychotherapy: Interview with Gloria by Albert Ellis.
Background:
Albert Ellis was born on September 27, 1913, in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, and
passed away on July 24, 2007. American psychotherapist known for being the creator
from Rational Emotive Therapy (RET), an approach to cognitive-behavioral therapy. Ellis
he obtained his doctorate in clinical psychology from Columbia University in 1947.
founder of the Albert Ellis Institute (now known as the Albert Ellis Institute) in New
York.
In a session, when a patient describes the fear of her boss that reminded her
to her father, Ellis exclaimed: "But your father is already dead...!", to which she replied:
«Entonces no es mi padre sino ¿lo que yo recuerdo sobre él?».
Ellis argued that at that moment the current therapy was born unofficially.
Rational Emotive Behavioral Therapy or REBT (initially called Rational Therapy). The
"therapeutic results" of their patients improved, and before the year ended
In 1953, Ellis, at 40 years old, asked them to call him 'psychotherapist' and to stop referring to him
to him as a "psychoanalyst". Focused on the active-directive resolution of problems,
a short form of therapy instead of psychoanalysis.

What did I observe?

● The numbering that the teacher gave us is inverted from the original order of the
three videos, but it has to be for a purpose.
What TRE implies tension and during therapy, Gloria had many indicators.
like the trembling tone of their voice that indicates nervousness, the need for
to act, to wear a mask and not be able to be herself or to sit idly
corner as if seeking for the armchair to envelop her, as if she were a little girl
terrified by her father trying to be obedient to please him, like a
girl who did not feel accepted for who she is and is now still living the same thing.
At certain points of tension, he resisted the scolding from the substitute figure of his
substitute father, (Alber Ellis) but subsequently when he did it a certain way
"The 'Click' that made them realize or understood in the catharsis of the therapy.
The tension burst and in a sigh, she relaxed and started to smile.
That RET is a very effective therapy and as Ellis says 'Rational Therapy or
Rational Emotive Therapy (RET) is based on several propositions.
fundamentals. 'The past is not crucial in the person's present.' The past
it greatly affects, but the individual has more impact on themselves, much
more than what impacts its past. It does not matter what has been learned in its development
historical. The only reason why things have impacted him is because
that is still being "re-educated" with the same life philosophies, the same
values of your childhood.
It was also observed that Albert Ellis's therapy is like a story, it begins
With a hook, there is tension, a climax or catharsis where the discovery is made.
 moral. The tension returns and then an orgasmic sigh where the patient
Relax and smile, just like Gloria did.
In 'Rational Emotive Psychotherapy', the individual experiences negative emotions,
counterproductive behaviors, inefficiencies, etc., because he is now indoctrinating
self with 'simple exclamatory phrases' that imply ideas in any
language and images as in mathematics for example, when they speak to each other.
in the same way irrationally or illogically, then they create negative feelings or
emotions and behavior that derive from it.
Example: The individual says to themselves, when they are upset, a "rational phrase"
and then an 'irrational phrase'. The rational phrase is: 'I don't like what I've done' and that
it's okay but continue: "And since I don't like my behavior, I'm a pest, I'm
a loser, I am worth nothing,” this unfounded pathological statement, an assertion
superstitious creates ANXIETY and in turn depression, guilt and other forms of
self-sabotage (destruction/defeat) again the individual tells himself the same
I don't like your behavior; for example, when someone has misbehaved with
he and instead of saying: Well, I don't like your behavior and I can tolerate it and I'm going to
try to change to achieve a change in your behavior.
He says things like 'I can't stand your behavior!' as if it were a
deity, "You should not be as you are because I think I do not like the way you are."
Now the second phrase 'B' leaves the individual disturbed and annoyed, as Epictetus said: 'No
It is what happens to us at point 'A' that leaves us disturbed; it is point 'B' A vision.
what happens to us.

What is the interviewer's position?

In the monologue, Albert Ellis's body posture is rigid, it can only be seen
from their shoulders to the head, and movements of it, to accentuate their
phrases. The tone of her voice is very direct, concrete, firm, striking, and she has an accent.
southern or cowboy. Speaks very quickly, shows some hyperactivity that
contrasts with the rigidity of his body. and as he says it
At TREC, we go further, from each patient's perspective, we show them what
what he thinks and what bothers him, some external situation or what someone else
provoked and what he tells himself that causes him discomfort. Although he may never
He is capable of doing anything about event 'A'; he can change the internal event.
their phrases, their beliefs about event 'B'. In TRE it is about showing the patient
three types of insight and in others only one type of distinction.

This is not so simple, because during therapy the resistance of

Gloria, a tension is generated, she did not feel an attack towards her, only that she was being supported.
It reaches the philosophical cores that disturb the patient. Perfectionism is the root of
our demons and human evils... however, Ellis did not stop persuading and attacking.
the ideas showing not only that the philosophy of his life will bring him negative results even
when he was on the defensive, he did not stop being against 'his basic core or system'
of values. He is an excessively cultured person who uses philosophy as
tool, in therapy, his experience and knowledge and intelligence make him a great one
strategist to approach the TREC. 'It's not about magic but about providing catalytic ideas'
Albert Ellis's position is based on these three insights:
Insight #1 All your behaviors, especially the self-destructive ones or
negative, he is more interested as it is affecting him and he has clear ideological background
he could learn from the past and believes in these ideologies otherwise he wouldn't have the
same negative behavior.)
insight #2 It is the most important, but the most neglected Ernes Cassirer
man is like an animal that symbolizes,” The main thesis of Cassirer is, ultimately,
that one of the most distinctive features of being human is its capacity to
creating symbols, a fact that helps him relate to everything around him. Thanks to
these symbols, the Jewish philosopher argues, the human being is capable of understanding the
world. and it continuously redirects itself with these ideologies and
perpetuating what is said
Insight #3 even though it is evident that what is said about oneself and what is
perpetuating is foolishness, only through work and practice, reevaluating
continuously and re-evaluating their own philosophical assumptions, only then will they improve.
"Action" is necessary to change an individual, just talking about things or
thinking about things that are pleasant but not necessary for a psychotherapeutic change, the
What the individual has to do is ACT and specific tasks are assigned, it is sought
What I should do is check and follow up to see if the patient completes the task.
assigned the ultimate objective is for the person to manage to learn, for the rest of their life and
to challenge and question their own basic value system what they think of it
one should do this especially when feeling miserable, when feeling anxious,
depression, guilt or too much frustration or their behavior is very poor
or any other negative thing, finely through thinking and 'rethinking their own
assumptions, is capable of applying what we call the scientific method to the facets of the
human life to be truly scientific to question and challenge its own
assumptions as we do in science and thus minimize and although never completely
eliminate the terrible anxiety and atrocious hostility unfortunately affecting most.

What body language do they use? Discourse Analysis (Analog Communication)

Greet Gloria in a very formal way by shaking her hand.
Gloria sits down and puts her bag aside, she doesn't use it as a protective adapter, her arms.
they are open cross your legs
He touches the armrest of the chair and moves while speaking, the right hand.
the left hand is as if I were holding it,
She wore a white dress and is very well groomed and made up.
During the interview, a certain tension is perceived in Gloria regarding how she handles the
Ellis speech.
 The tones of the voices are high, it sounds like a discussion, there is some tension.
Although Ellis does not go against her, he rather supports the negative aspects that she ...
says of herself to take her beyond.
Gloria's voice trembles a little and her gestures indicate opposition and resistance.
Ellis is cold in his approach, gets straight to the point. But when it comes to the catharsis and he explains
catastrophic thinking
She leans back on the backrest and with a sigh seemingly relaxes the tension.
● takes a thinker posture (being in the process of understanding what
he explains to Ellis,
When he tells her that there are no guarantees Ellis:
Gloria raises her voice, off-camera defensively, she resists.
he holds the cigarette in his right hand as if it were a knife about to
to use.
then relaxes
Ellis explains more relaxed and leads her to the analogy of focusing on the broken arm.
Ellis continues explaining to him and
Gloria finishes with a smile and relaxed, apparently she got it.

What could I have asked?

There was a lack of feedback for some time to see if she was going to reassess.
your evaluations, and how it was going to be put into practice, that is to ask, "What"
What did you learn in therapy? And how are you going to apply it?
Also, it was missed to assign the task, that is, for Gloria to look for an event where
I would put into practice what I've learned.

Conclusion:
In this analysis of the interview on Albert's 'Rational Emotive Psychotherapy'
Ellis with the patient Gloria, highlights Ellis's distinctive ability to address the
philosophical roots of emotional and behavioral problems. Rational Therapy
Emotiva (TRE) presents itself as an active-direct approach, focused on challenging and
change the irrational beliefs that perpetuate negative emotions. The session
illustrates how Ellis uses his three fundamental insights to guide patients to
continuously reevaluate your philosophical assumptions, fostering action as
catalyst of therapeutic change.
The dynamic between Ellis and Gloria reveals the patient's initial resistance and the
emotional tension during therapy. Despite Ellis's firm stance, it is observed that
her strategic and insightful approach manages to break Gloria's resistance, leading her to a
catharsis that culminates in relaxation and a smile. The non-verbal communication of both,
including body language and tone of voice, it evidences the emotional intensity of the
session. The conclusion suggests the importance of integrating feedback.
task assignment to consolidate learning and practical application of the
teachings of therapy.