CLASSIFICATION OF MYOPIA DEFINITION OF
MYOPIA
Based on refractive power:
Low myopia: up to –3.00 diopters (D) Myopia, more commonly known as
Moderate myopia: –3.00 to –6.00 D nearsightedness or short-sightedness, is a
High myopia: greater than –6.00 D very common vision condition in which a
person can see near objects clearly, but
Based on onset
Childhood-onset myopia – usually progressive objects farther away appear blurry. MYOPIA
Adult-onset myopia – typically stable
Based on progression RISK FAKTOR
AWARENESS:
Non-progressive myopia – stable refractive error
Progressive myopia – continues to worsen over time Intensive Near Work PROTECT YOUR
CAUSES OF MYOPIA
VISION, PROTECT
Lack of Outdoor Time
Excessive Near Work YOUR FUTURE
Poor Visual Ergonomic
By Group 4
Prolonged Screen Time
Genetic Factors (Heredity) S1 keperawatan
UPN "Veteran" Jakarta
Lack of Outdoor Exposure
WHEN SHOULD YOU GET
Poor Visual Habits and Ergonomics YOUR EYES CHECKED
The frequency of eye examinations is 1-2
Genetic or Hereditary Factors Estelle Darcy
times a year, and at least once a year.
Insufficient Visual Breaks
Inadequate Lighting and Poor Study Environment
HOLISTIC STRATEGY FOR MYOPIA
PREVENTION MYOPIA
Behavioral and Environmental Interventions
Increase outdoor activity time for at least 2 hours per day to gain
IMPACT AND COMPLICATION Limit Screen Time adequate natural light exposure.
Retinal Detachment Manage screen time, reading distance, and ensure proper lighting
Apply the 20-20-20 Rule while studying.
Encourage regular visual breaks during near work.
→ Purpose: to reduce the onset risk and slow myopia progression.
Increase Outdoor Activities
Optical Interventions
Use myopia control lenses such as Defocus Incorporated Multiple
Myopic Maculopathy
Maintain Proper Viewing Distance Segments (DIMS), Orthokeratology (Ortho-K), or multifocal soft
contact lenses.
These optical options not only correct vision but also help control
Ensure Adequate and Proper Lighting myopia progression.
Pharmacological Interventions
Have Regular Eye Examinations Low-dose atropine (0.01–0.05%) has been proven effective in
reducing the rate of myopia progression.
Should be prescribed based on clinical indication and followed by
Use Corrective Lenses as Prescribed regular monitoring for side effects.
Glaucoma Monitoring and Personalization
Adopt a Healthy Lifestyle Conduct regular eye examinations every 6–12 months to monitor
refractive changes and axial length growth.
Adjust management strategies according to the progression rate.
SYMPTOMS OF MYOPIA
Education and School Policy
Blurred distance vision, such as difficulty reading, writing on the
Educate parents, teachers, and students about healthy visual habits,
Cataract board or recognizing distant objects.
such as the 20–20–20 rule (every 20 minutes, look at something 20
Frequent squinting to see more clearly feet away for 20 seconds).
Eye strain (asthenopia), especially after reading, writing, or Encourage schools to include regular outdoor breaks and vision
using digital devices for long periods screening programs for students.
Headache due to continuous eye muscle tension during
accommodation
Dry or watery eyes caused by reduced blinking during prolonged
Visual Impairment and Reduced Quality Of Life screen exposure
Tendency to move closer to objects such as books, screens, or
televisions to see clearly
