Adjective Order
Dalam Bahasa Inggris, jika kita ingin menggunakan lebih dari satu kata sifat (adjective)
untuk mendeskripsikan sebuah kata benda (noun), maka urutannya harus sesuai aturan
tertentu. Ini disebut Adjective Order.
Urutan Adjective yang Benar (Adjective Order):
Berikut urutan standar adjective dalam Bahasa Inggris:
1. Opinion (pendapat): beautiful, ugly, nice, horrible
2. Size (ukuran): big, small, tall, tiny
3. Age (usia): old, young, new, ancient
4. Shape (bentuk): round, square, flat, long
5. Color (warna): red, blue, green, black
6. Origin (asal): Indonesian, Japanese, American
7. Material (bahan): wooden, plastic, cotton, gold
8. Purpose (tujuan): sleeping (bag), writing (desk), running (shoes)
Rumus singkat:
OSASCOMP (Opinion, Size, Age, Shape, Color, Origin, Material, Purpose)
Contoh Kalimat:
• She has a beautiful small old round brown Italian wooden coffee table.
(Opinion → Size → Age → Shape → Color → Origin → Material → Purpose)
• I bought a nice big black leather jacket yesterday.
1. Opinion (Pendapat):
• beautiful = cantik/indah
• cute = lucu
• nice = bagus
• scary = menakutkan
• interesting = menarik
• adorable = menggemaskan
• elegant = anggun
• comfortable = nyaman
2. Size (Ukuran):
• big = besar
• small = kecil
• little = mungil/kecil
• huge = sangat besar
• tiny = sangat kecil
3. Age (Usia):
• old = tua
• new = baru
• ancient = kuno
• young = muda
4. Shape (Bentuk):
• round = bulat
• square = kotak
• long = panjang
• flat = datar
• sharp = tajam
5. Color (Warna):
• red = merah
• blue = biru
• green = hijau
• white = putih
• black = hitam
• pink = merah muda
• brown = cokelat
• yellow = kuning
6. Origin (Asal):
• Indonesian = dari Indonesia
• American = dari Amerika
• Italian = dari Italia
• Japanese = dari Jepang
• Greek = dari Yunani
• Chinese = dari Cina
7. Material (Bahan):
• wooden = dari kayu
• plastic = dari plastik
• leather = dari kulit
• stone = dari batu
• cotton = dari katun
• silver = dari perak
8. Purpose (Tujuan):
• sleeping (bag) = tas untuk tidur
• running (shoes) = sepatu lari
• writing (desk) = meja tulis
• school (bag) = tas sekolah
• toy (car) = mobil mainan
Latihan Soal Adjective Order
Instruksi: Urutkan kata-kata di dalam kurung agar membentuk frasa yang tepat. Letakkan
noun di akhir.
1. (old – an – Italian – interesting – painting)
2. (jacket – black – nice – leather – a – big)
3. (cute – cat – little – white – a)
4. (big – a – scary – monster – green)
5. (American – silver – watch – new – elegant – a)
6. (small – sleeping – a – adorable – blue – bag)
7. (beautiful – flowers – some – pink – fresh – big)
8. (an – leather – old – brown – comfortable – chair)
9. (school – sharp – pencil – long – yellow – a)
10. (cute – toy – small – Japanese – plastic – a)
Passive Voice (Kalimat Pasif)
Apa itu Passive Voice?
Passive voice adalah kalimat di mana subjek menerima tindakan, bukan melakukan
tindakan.
Contoh aktif:
The chef cooks the meal.
(Koki memasak makanannya.)
Contoh pasif:
The meal is cooked by the chef.
(Makanannya dimasak oleh koki.)
Rumus Passive Voice (Simple Present & Simple Past)
Tense Rumus Passive Voice Contoh Aktif Contoh Pasif
Present Tense am/is/are + V3 She cleans the room The room is cleaned by her
Past Tense was/were + V3 They built a house A house was built by them
V3 = bentuk ketiga dari kata kerja (past participle)
Contoh V3:
• eat → eaten
• write → written
• make → made
• clean → cleaned
• build → built
Ciri-ciri Kalimat Pasif
✅ Ada “am, is, are” atau “was, were”
✅ Diikuti oleh kata kerja bentuk ke-3 (V3)
✅ Kadang ada “by + pelaku” (tapi bisa juga tidak disebut)
Latihan Soal Passive Voice
Petunjuk: Ubah kalimat aktif berikut menjadi kalimat pasif.
1. The teacher explains the lesson.
2. They wash the car every Sunday.
3. She writes a letter.
4. He ate the cake.
5. The students read the book.
6. My mom cooked fried rice.
7. The cat chased the mouse.
8. We make cookies every weekend.
9. The police caught the thief.
10. She waters the flowers every morning.
