TLE4943C Differential Speed Sensor Data
TLE4943C Differential Speed Sensor Data
TLE4943C
Data Sheet
V 1.2, July 2018
Edition July 2018
Published by
Infineon Technologies AG
81726 München, Germany
© 2007 Infineon Technologies AG
All Rights Reserved.
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TLE4943C
33
1 Product Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
1.1 Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
1.2 Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
2 Functional Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
2.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
2.2 Pin Configuration and Sensitive Area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
2.3 Marking and Data Matrix Code Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
2.4 Block Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
2.5 Functional Block Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
2.6 Typical Application Circuit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
2.7 Protocol Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
2.7.1 Definition of Rotation Direction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
2.7.2 Manchester Encoding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
2.7.3 Protocol at Normal Speed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
2.7.4 Protocol for High Speed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
2.7.5 Data Protocol for Standstill . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
2.7.6 Bit Stump Suppression . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
2.8 Operating Modes and States . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
2.8.1 Uncalibrated and Calibrated Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
2.9 Under Voltage and Start-up Behavior . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
3 Specification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
3.1 Test Circuit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
3.2 Absolute Maximum Ratings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
3.2.1 ESD Robustness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
3.3 Operating Range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
3.4 Electrical Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
3.5 Magnetic Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
3.6 Degradation of Direction Signal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
3.7 Change of Direction of Encoder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
3.8 Watchdog Reset after Offset Jump . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
4 Electro Magnetic Compatibility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
5 Package Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
5.1 Lead Pull Out Force . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
5.2 Glass Transition Temperature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
5.3 Packing and Package Dimensions of PG-SSO2-53 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
5.4 Packing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
1 Product Description
1.1 Overview
The TLE4943C is an integrated, active magnetic field sensor for wheel
speed applications based on Hall technology. Its basic function is to
measure the speed of a pole wheel or a ferromagnetic toothed wheel. It
has a two wire-current interface using the AK protocol for communication.
This protocol provides beside the speed signal additional information as
direction of wheel rotation and air gap information. The sensor combines
a fast power-up time with a low cut-off frequency. Excellent sensitivity and
accuracy combined with its wide operational temperature range makes
the sensor ideally suited for harsh automotive requirements. The TLE4943C is additionally provided with an
overmolded 1.8nF capacitor for improved EMC performance.
1.2 Features
2 Functional Description
2.1 General
The basic operation of the TLE4943C is to measure the differential magnetic field of ferromagnetic or permanent
magnet target wheels and generate an output signal which represents the motion of these objects. Additionally
the direction of rotation of a rotating target wheel and the quality (strength) of the magnetic signal are detected.
For the applications with ferromagnetic toothed wheels a back bias magnet is required. The magnetic
measurement is based on three equally spaced Hall elements, integrated on the IC. The two outer Hall elements
have a distance of 2.5mm, the third Hall element is placed in the middle between the outer Hall elements. The
outer Hall elements generate a differential signal which corresponds to the speed of the detected object. All three
Hall elements are used for the information of direction detection. The IC has a three-level current interface which
corresponds to the AK-protocol described below in this data sheet.
Magnetic offsets of up to +/-30mT are cancelled by a self-calibration algorithm. Only a few magnetic edges after
start-up (uncalibrated mode) are necessary to finish the self-calibration and providing offset corrected signals in
calibrated mode. Independent of the mode every increment of the encoder triggers a signal output. The output
signal frequency represents the increment frequency, e.g. 100 increments per second are equal to 100Hz. The
frequency of the magnetic signal is half of the output signal frequency.
dB
Zero
Crossing
IH Sensor output
current Is
IM
IL
Figure 2 Pin configuration and sensitive area (view on frontside marking of component)
VDD GND
Speed Signal dB = B2 – B1
Direction Signal dBdir = B3 – ( B1+B2 )/2
B2 (right)
speed signal path
Main
B3 (center) - Σ
LPF
dB
D-Core
B1 (left)
Tracking Tracking-ADC
ADC Algorithm
Peak Detection
Offset-
and
DAC Offset Calculation
dBdir
Direction Direction
Σ ADC Detection 3 current
LPF modulator
AK Protocol :
direction signal path - Peak value
- timing
D1 R1
VS TLE4943C
VDD
D2 C1 GND
Components
D1: 1N4007 Uout
D2: Z-Diode, 22V RM
C1: 10µF, 35V
R1: 10Ω
RM : 50Ω
Figure 5 Application circuit
Speed-Pulse
3 - GDR
1 - SLM
5 - LM0
6 - LM1
7 - LM2
4 - DR
0 - LR
8-P
I mid
Ilow
t
Back
GND VDD
zero crossing
Zero Crossing
Speed pulse
Data protocol
3*tp/2 tp tp/2 tp tp tp tp tp tp tp tp tp
tp/2
tp
Zero crossing
Ihigh
bit0 bit1 bit2 bit3 bit4 bit5 bit6 bit7 Parity bit0 bit1 bit2 bit3 bit4 bit5 bit6 bit7 Parity
I mid
Ilow
3*tp/2 tp tp tp tp tp tp tp tp tp tp 3*tp/2 tp tp tp
tp/2 tp/2
Bit is
completely
transmitted
dB
Increment n Increment n+1 Increment n+2
Incremental
protocol
Data Burst:
on Zero Crossing 250 ms
500 ms
Iout
28mA
Incremental
Standstill Protocol protocol
550µs Data Bursts
Data Burst:
150ms after
Increment Protocol Standstill
Data Burst Protocol
14mA
7mA
Zero Crossing
tstop
Speed pulse
Data protocol
tp/2 tp tp/2 tp tp tp tp tp tp tp tp tp
Sensor output
current Is
Speed replacement
pulse
Initial bit
Initial bit
dB
Increment
out
1) Last started bit of standstill protocol will be tranmitted completely
2) Delay of 25us at l low
3) Speed pulse issued
28mA
14mA
7mA
50us tp/2=25 µs
Figure 13 Starting wheel movement during standstill protocol using bit stump suppression
Zero crossing
bit0 bit1 bit2 bit3 bit4 bit5 bit6 bit7 Parity Preceding protocol
tp tp tp tp
tp/2 tp/2
tp tp tp tp
tp/2 tp/2
2nd case: The last bit of the preceding protocol is cut off.
The time between 2 consecutive protocols is no longer sufficient and a new increment of the encoder occurs, while
the last bit of the preceding protocol is still being transferred. At this moment the new protocol begins again with
the constant-time output offset of the length tp. However now it is realized in the sensor that a bit transfer is still
running. This is completely transmitted within the currently running output offset. After the output offset ends, the
initial bit follows with tp/2, then the speed pulse, etc.
Zero crossing
tp tp tp tp
tp/2 tp/2
Bit is
completely
Initial bit transmitted
tp tp tp tp
tp/2 tp/2
3rd case: several bits of the preceding protocol are cut off
Zero crossing
tp tp tp tp
tp/2 tp/2
tp tp tp tp
tp/2 tp/2
Figure 16 Case 3 - several bits of the preceding protocol are cut off
A new increment of the encoder occurs while, for example, bit #6 of the preceding protocol is still being transferred.
At this moment the new protocol begins again with the constant time output offset of the length tp. It is realized in
the sensor that a bit transfer is still running. Bit #6 of the preceding protocol is completely transmitted within the
current running output time-offset. In addition, the bits #7 and #8 (parity) still missing are suppressed and no longer
transmitted. As a result, the line is clean again and following the end of the output offset the initial bit follows with
tp/2, then the speed pulse, etc.
dB
max 1
min 1
Offset
correction
(min2+max 1)/2
min 2
Figure 17 Example for startup behavior and change form uncalibrated into calibrated mode
dB
max 1
min 1
Offset
correction
(min2+max 1)/2
min 2
dB_dirmin
Speed pulse
Data bits
VDD*
Vrel
Vhys
Vres
3 Specification
VDD
VS
TLE4943C
R M = 50Ω GND
Vout
Figure 20 Test circuit
ΔI
B [mT]
[mA]
Ihigh
Imid
Ilow
North
Left
South Right
(VDD) ( GND) 43CA
1 3 2
Hall
Elements left right
Branded Side
(front side)
Sensor head is folded
towards viewer
Definition of magnetic field
Positiv is considered when
South pole shows to back side of IC housing or when
North pole shows to front side (=branded) of IC housing
(Gaussmeter: positiv at north pole. Dot towards viewer)
Figure 22 Definition of field direction and sensor switching
Zero Crossing
t
Sensor output
current Is
DC = t / T * 100%
Figure 23 Definition of Duty Cycle
T
speed pulse
Is
bit code
Ti Ti+1 Ti+2
t
n
1 ∑ ΔT 2
δ= i =1
T n −1
T= Ti + Ti+1 (mean value)
Note: All magnetic values are calculated out of measured sensitivity of each single Hall element.
Figure 25 LM bits which are transferred at protocol with increasing magnetic field dB
1,0
Deg_speed_norm
0,9 Deg_dir_norm
0,8
Degradation (normalized)
0,7
0,6
0,5
0,4
0,3
0,2
0,1
0,0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Pitch / mm
Figure 26 Degradation of speed and direction signal dependent on used target wheel pitch
dB dBmaximum1
2x
dBlimit (dBminimum1+dBmaximum1)/2
dBminimum1
(dBminimum2+dBmaximum1 )/2
dBminimum2
negative negative
dBdir[n-1] dBdir[n]
Actual time: n
C
DNC
B D
dB
Offsetjump
A
Reset
Standstill protocol
Figure 28 Reset is triggered after watchdog delay time and signal watchdog
When an offset jump, greater than the amplitude of the magnetic speed signal occurs, no zero crossing is passed
anymore and therefore sensor outputs no speed pulse. Instead, standstill protocol is issued. After transmitting five
standstill protocols (typ. 750ms) the signal watchdog starts. If still no speed pulse is output sensor starts to detect
extreme with minimum DNC (digital noise constant). After detecting nswd extreme and still no speed pulse issued,
sensor triggers internal reset and enters uncalibrated mode. Therefore validity of direction, direction information,
validity of airgap and airgap measurement are set to default values. This represents the same status as after
power on. Therefore offset calibration starts again.
Table 8 Ref. ISO 7637-2; 2004; (values depend on RM); dB=2mT (amplitude of sinus signal);
VDD=13.5V; fB=100Hz, T=25°C, RM=30Ω
Parameter Symbol Level/Typ Status
Testpulse 1 VEMC IV / -100V C/ A (after stress)
1)
Testpulse 2a IV / 75 A2)
Testpulse 2b - / 10V C3)
Testpulse 3a IV / -150V A
Testpulse 3b IV / 100V A
Testpulse 4 IV / -7V B
Testpulse 5a IV / 86.5V C
4)
Testpulse 5b Us* = 28.5V C
1) ISO 7637-2 describes internal resistance = 2 Ω (former 10 Ω)
2) Node A (see figure 1) does not exceed 22V clamping voltage of D2 in any case.
3) Ri = 0.01 Ω
4) A central load dump protection of 42V is used. Us* = 42V - 13.5V
Table 9 Ref. ISO 7637-3 Release 19951); dB=2mT (amplitude of sinus signal); VDD=13.5V; fB=100Hz,
T=25°C, RM=30Ω
Parameter Symbol Level/Typ Status
Testpulse 1 VEMC IV / -30V A
Testpulse 2 IV / 30V A
Testpulse 3a IV / -60V A
Testpulse 3b IV / 40V A
1) Testpulse 1 and 2 are carried out with capacitive coupling clamp even if ISO7637-3 test pulse 1 and 2 is not requesting for
capacitive coupling clamp
VDD
Components:
D1 = Reverse polarity protoection diode, e.g. 1N4007
D2 = 22V
C1= 10uF
C2 = 1nF
RM = 30 Ω
5 Package Information
Pure tin covering (green lead plating) is used. Lead frame material is copper based, e.g. K62. Product is RoHS
(Restriction of Hazardous Substances) compliant and marked with the letter G in front of the data code marking
and contains a data matrix code on the rear side of the package. Please refer to your key account team or regional
sales if you need further information.
d=0.3±0.08mm
Distance chip to front side
(date code) of IC
5.4 Packing
You can find all of our packages, sort of packing and others on our Infineon Internet Page “Products”:
[Link]