NATIONAL TECHNOLOGICAL

MEXICO
PLC
PROJECT U2

Alumno: Gerardo Daniel Ortiz Herrera 20360178

Roberto Uriel Vega Figueroa 19361075
Luis Fernando Sánchez Fernández 20360138
Iván Armando Dávila Luna 19360955
Jonatan Azarel Vásquez Morales 19361073

PROFESOR: José Alfredo García Brena.

AUGUST - DECEMBER 2022 SEMESTER

 Introduction
The function block diagram (FBD or FUP) is a language
graph that allows you to program elements that appear as blocks to be
Wired together in a way analogous to the schematic of a circuit. FUP is suitable.
for many applications involving the flow of information or data between
control components.

It is especially comfortable to use for technicians accustomed to working with

logic gate circuits, since the symbolism used in both is equivalent.

The logical functions plan (or FUP

in terms of automata) refers to
the use of logic gates
typical of digital electronics. It has
a lesser use than the other two
languages in automatic control, and it
usually restricts documentation.
In Fig. 4.9, you can see the
basic connectors used in FUP and their equivalence with connectors of
contact scheme (in horizontal direction) and logic gates.
Problem
Selection of parts by material

A conveyor belt will sort metal and plastic parts.

On the belt, there is a movable curtain that prevents the passage of the pieces until they are
authorized.
On the tape, there are two detectors in a vertical position to analyze the parts that
they pass underneath, the first generic one, detects all object B2 (I2); and the second only
detecta metales B3 (I3).
Methodology
1. A piece enters the belt. It is detected by the initial detector B1 (I1). The belt starts
set direct sense (Q1) to search for the two vertical detectors.

2. The piece passes under the first vertical detector B2 (I2). This fact
store in memory (M1). The tape continues to run and the piece passes underneath the
second vertical detector B3 (I3), which also "stores" the data in the memory (M2).

3. If the piece is detected only by sensor B2 (I2), the tape continues its course until 4
seconds later, enough time for the piece to fall into a box located in
the right side of the tape, suitable for non-metallic parts.

4. If the piece is detected by sensor B2 (I2) and instantly also by the sensor
B3 (I3), a symptom that the piece is metallic, the conveyor belt stops, and
After a second, the raising of the safety gate (Q2) begins, until
that is stopped by the opening sensor (I4).

5. At the moment when the gate lift stops due to (I4), the
motor reverse direction of the belt (Q3), to transfer the metal piece to the box of
metal parts, located on the left side of the belt.

6. After 6 seconds, enough time for the metal piece to fall into the box,
the motor of the belt reverse direction (Q3), stops, and at that moment, the
lowering of the metal curtain (Q4), until it is stopped by the closing sensor
(I5).
There is a general stop button (I6), which stops everything.

8. For the process to work from the beginning, the safety curtain must
being down, that is, the closure sensor will be active (I5=1).
Results
 TABLE OF VARIABLES

I/O LOGO COMMENT

B1 I1 PART DETECTOR
INITIAL
B2 I2 PART DETECTOR
METALICA AND NO
METALLIC
B3 I3 PARTS DETECTOR
METALLIC
B4 I4 DETECTOR OF THE
TOP CURTAIN
B5 I5 DETECTOR OF THE
CURTAIN BELOW
GENERAL STRIKE I6 STOP BUTTON
GENERAL
MOTOR TURN TO THE Q1 Belt Motor
RIGHT CARRIER
RIGHT
Curtain Rise Q2 SOLENOID VALVE
Rising of the curtain
MOTOR TURN TO THE Q3 Belt Motor
LEFT CARRIER
LEFT
CLOSING CURTAIN Q4 Solenoid valve
CURTAIN DROP
 Conclusions
The use of ladder language (LD) is common among PLC programmers since its
similarity to circuits with contact diagrams makes it easy to program in
comparison with other languages.
GRAFCET allows flexibility in the design time of complex automation since
allows obtaining structures easily due to its graphical nature. Although it offers
a short design time, its programming in a low-end PLC becomes complicated and
delayed unless there is a methodology that allows for obtaining a translation
accepted by the device to be programmed.
It can be concluded that based on the simulation carried out in the Siemens LOGO program,
that the project is functional and can be implemented, since it includes all the
signals that directly intervene in the system process, these were determined from
according to the current operation of the machine being input as signals to the PLC, for
that it be the one who determines a response to the process with the developed program.