College of Engineering and Technology (CET)
BSc. Degree in Hydraulic and Water Resources Engineering
Course Title Hydrological Measurement and Course code HWRE-3122
Analysis
Pre-requisites Introduction to Hydrology, Credit Hours 4 ECTS
probability and Statistics
Academic Semes-1, 2025/2026 G.C/2018 Instructor Kalkidan. M
year E.C
Contact: Gmail: [Link]: Emusol12@[Link]
Kalkidanmulu94@[Link]
Course Objectives:
This course aims to provide students with practical and theoretical knowledge in hydrological
measurement and data analysis. Specifically, students will:
Understand methods for measuring stream flow and discharge.
Learn techniques for measuring river cross-sections and velocities.
Become familiar with different hydrological instruments.
Analyze hydrological data for engineering applications.
Learning Outcomes:
Upon successful completion of the course, students will be able to:
1. Plan and design hydro-meteorological networks, including the establishment and operation of
hydro-meteorological stations.
2. Measure river cross-sections and determine river depth.
3. Measure river velocity at different depths using various techniques.
4. Calculate river discharge using multiple flow measurement methods.
5. Analyze hydrological data and interpret results for engineering applications.
Course Description / Syllabus
Chapter 1: Hydro-Meteorological Network Design
Introduction to network design
Objectives of hydro-meteorological networks
Basic vs. minimum network
Network design process
WMO criteria for minimum network density
Financial considerations
Rain gauge network design methods
Stream gauging station location criteria
Evaluation and adequacy of networks
Site selection surveys and general guidelines
College of Engineering and Technology (CET)
BSc. Degree in Hydraulic and Water Resources Engineering
Criteria for water level, lake, reservoir, natural control, and artificial control sites
Sediment discharge and water quality station considerations
Chapter 2: Measurement of River Stage, Depth, and Velocity
Reference gauges: staff gauge, bubble gauge, recording gauge, inclined gauge
Float-tape gauge, electric tape gauge, wire weight gauge, crest-stage gauge
Stage data recording and analysis
Velocity measurement techniques:
o Current meter method
o Floating method
o Ultrasonic method
Chapter 3: Hydrometric Measurement Techniques
Direct methods:
o Area-velocity method
o Moving boat method
o Dilution / chemical method
o Electromagnetic method
o Ultrasonic method
Indirect methods:
o Slope-area method
o Flow measuring structures
Chapter 4: Discharge-Stage Relationship (Rating Curve)
Control: permanent vs. shifted
Extrapolation of rating curves
Conveyance method
Logarithmic-plot method
Techniques for analyzing rating curves
Field Practice / Laboratory Work
Visit hydro-meteorological stations and study equipment
Measure discharge in natural streams and rivers using floats, current meters, etc.
Study velocity distributions at different depths
Interpret and present field results in a report
Mode of Delivery:
Lectures
Tutorials
Laboratory and field practice
College of Engineering and Technology (CET)
BSc. Degree in Hydraulic and Water Resources Engineering
Assessment:
Continuous assessment (quizzes, tests, assignments, projects) = 40%
Laboratory and field practice = 20%
Final examination = 40%
Attendance Requirements:
Minimum 85% attendance in lectures
100% attendance in laboratory and field practice sessions
References:
1. Hershy, R.W., 2009, Streamflow Measurement, 3rd Edition
2. Shaw, E.M., 1994, Hydrology in Practice, 3rd Edition
3. Linsley, R.K., 1982, Hydrology for Engineers, 3rd Edition
4. Subramanya, K., 1994, Engineering Hydrology, 3rd Edition
5. Ragunath, H.M., 2006, Hydrology (Principles, Analysis, Design), Revised 2nd
Edition
