Name: SHAIK ARIFA
Institution : Bapatla Engineering College
Email : shaikarifa1830@[Link]
Introduction to Python
Python is a powerful, versatile, and
beginner-friendly programming language. It
is widely used in fields like web
development, data analysis, artificial
intelligence, and scientific computing
What is Python?
Python is a high-level, general-purpose programming
programming language known for its simplicity,
readability, and versatility. It was created in the late
1980s by Guido van Rossum and has since become one
one of the most widely used languages in the world.
Python is an interpreted language, meaning code is
executed line by line without the need for
compilation. It is designed to be easy to learn and
use, making it a popular choice for beginners, as well
as experienced developers
Key Features of Python
S im p licity
Python has a clean, readable syntax that emphasizes code readability, making
making it an accessible language for beginners and experienced developers
alike.
Versatility
Python is a general-purpose language that can be used for a wide range of
applications, from web development and data analysis to artificial
intelligence and automation.
C ross- Platform
Python code can run on multiple operating systems, including Windows,
macOS, and Linux, making it a portable and platform-independent language.
Extensive libraries
Python's extensive standard library and vast ecosystem of third-party
packages provide a wealth of functionality, allowing developers to quickly
build robust applications.
Python structure
Read ab ility
Python emphasizes code readability, using indentation to define code blocks
instead of curly braces or other delimiters.
Simple and Intuitive
The Python syntax is straightforward and easy to understand, making it an
excellent choice for beginners and experienced developers alike.
W hitesp ace S ensitive
Python relies on whitespace, such as indentation, to define code blocks, which
helps maintain code structure and clarity.
Dynamic Typing
Python is dynamically typed, meaning variables can hold values of any data
type without explicit declaration.
Python Data Types and Variables
Fund am ental D ata Typ es
Python has several fundamental data types, including integers, floats,
booleans, and strings, each with their own unique characteristics and uses.
Dynamic Typing
Python is dynamically typed, meaning variables can hold values of different
data types without explicit declaration, providing flexibility in code.
Variab le A ssig nm ent
Variables in Python are assigned values using the assignment operator (=),
allowing you to store and manipulate data throughout your code.
Type Conversion
Python provides built-in functions to convert between data types, enabling
you to perform operations and transformations on your data as needed.
Python Operators and Expressions
Arithmetic Operators
Python supports basic arithmetic operations like addition,
subtraction, multiplication, division, and exponents.
Comparison Operators
These allow you to compare values and return boolean results
results like True or False.
Logical Operators
Use AN D , O R, and N O T to combine and neg ate boolean
expressions.
Python Control Structures (if-else, loops)
if-else Statements
Python's if-else statements allow you to make decisions and execute
execute different code blocks based on specific conditions. This
control structure is fundamental for building dynamic programs.
for Loops
for loops in Python are used to iterate through sequences like lists,
tuples, and strings. They provide a concise way to execute a block of
code multiple times.
while Loops
while loops in Python repeatedly execute a block of code as long as a
a given condition remains true. They offer more flexibility than for
loops when you don't know the number of iterations upfront.
Python Functions and Modules
Functio ns
Python functions are reusable blocks of code that can accept parameters, perform specific
tasks, and return values. They help organize code and promote code reuse.
Modules
Modules are self-contained Python files that contain functions, classes, and variables.
They allow you to modularize your code and create shareable, reusable components.
Im p o rting
You can import functions and modules from the Python standard library or third-party
packages. This gives you access to a wide range of pre-built functionality.
Name spacing
Modules provide a namespace to avoid naming conflicts. You can import all module
contents or selectively import specific functions and classes.
Python File I/O
Python provides powerful file input/ output (I/ O) capabilities, allowing you to
read from and write to various file types seamlessly. This includes reading the
contents of a file, writing new data to a file, and handling file operations like
opening, closing, and managing file access. These fundamental file I/ O
functions are essential for tasks like saving user data, logging application
activity, and processing external data sources.
1. Reading Files
Accessing file contents
2. Writing Files
Saving data to disk
3. File Handling
Opening, closing, and managing files
Python Libraries and Frameworks
N um Py
A powerful library for scientific computing, providing support for large, multi-
dimensional arrays and matrices, along with a large collection of high-level
mathematical functions to operate on these arrays.
Pandas
A data manipulation and analysis library that provides high-performance, easy-to-
use data structures and data analysis tools for working with structured (tabular,
multidimensional, potentially heterogeneous) and time series data.
Tenso rFlow
An open-source machine learning framework for deploying computation to one or more
CPUs or GPUs in a desktop, server, or mobile device, making it ideal for building and
deploying machine learning-powered applications.
Django
A high-level Python web framework that enables rapid development of secure and
