VIBGYOR HIGH

HALF YEARLY EXAMINATION

Sample Paper
AY 2025-2026
PHYSICS
Grade: XII Max. Marks: 70
Date: Time Allowed: 3 Hour

General Instructions:
(1) There are 33 questions in all. All questions are compulsory.
(2) This question paper has five sections: Section A, Section B, Section C, Section D
and Section E.
(3) All the sections are compulsory.
(4) Section A contains sixteen questions, fourteen MCQ and two Assertion Reasoning
based of 1 mark each, Section B contains five questions of two marks each, Section C
contains seven questions of three marks each, Section D contains two case study
based questions of four marks each and Section E contains three long answer
questions of five marks each.
(5) There is no overall choice. However, an internal choice has been provided in one
question in Section B, one question in Section C, one question in each CBQ in Section
D and all three questions in Section E. You have to attempt only one of the choices in
such questions.
(6) Use of calculators is not allowed.
(7) You may use the following values of physical constants where ever necessary.

________________________________________________________________________

SECTION A
Question 1 An object has charge of 1 C and gains 5.0 x 10 18 electrons. The [1]
net charge on the object becomes:
(a) -0.80 C
(b) +0.80 C
(c) +1.80 C
(d) +0.20 C
Question 2 Which among the following molecule is not a dipole? [1]
(a) NH3

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 (b) H 2O
(c) HCl
(d) CH4
Question 3 Three equal positive charges are kept at the corners of an [1]
equilateral triangle. What will be the vector sum of the forces acting
on the particles?
(a) Directed towards the center
(b) Directed radially outside
(c) Acts along one of the sides of the triangle
(d) Zero
Question 4 In which type of molecule positive and negative charges coincide [1]
with each other?
(a) Polar
(b) Unipolar
(c) Non-polar
(d) Bipolar
Question 5 What is the ratio of the polarization to εo times the electric field [1]
called?
(a) Polarisation density
(b) Electric susceptibility
(c) Dielectric strength
(d) Dielectric susceptibility

Question 6 A wire has a resistance of 5.5 Ω at 19oC and 21.5 Ω at 200oC. [1]
Find the temperature coefficient of resistivity (α) of the material.
(a) 0.016 oC-1
(b) 0.160 oC-1
(c) 1.600 oC-1
(d) 16.00 oC-1
Question 7 What is the unit of electric flux? [1]
(a) V/m
(b) N/m
(c) V*m
(d) N/Coulomb
Question 8 An ammeter of resistance 0.81 ohm reads up to 1 A. The value of [1]
the required shunt to increase the range to 10 A is
(a) 0.9 ohm
(b) 0.09 ohm
(c) 0.03 ohm
(d) 0.3 ohm
Question 9 Give the SI unit of magnetic permeability of free space. [1]
(a) T A m-2
(b) T A-2 m
(c) T A-1 m
(d) T A m2

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Question 10 The relative magnetic permeability of a substance X is slightly less [1]
than unity and that of substance Y is slightly more than unity, then
(a) X is paramagnetic and Y is ferromagnetic
(b) X is diamagnetic and Y is ferromagnetic
(c) X and Y both are paramagnetic
(d) X is diamagnetic and Y is paramagnetic
Question 11 When does a magnetic dipole possess maximum potential energy [1]
inside a magnetic field?
(a) Magnetic moment and magnetic field are antiparallel
(b) Magnetic moment and magnetic field are parallel
(c) The magnetic moment is zero
(d) The magnetic field is zero
Question 12 What is the torque exerted by a bar magnet on itself due to its field? [1]
(a) Maximum
(b) Zero
(c) Minimum
(d) Depends on the direction of the magnetic field
Question 13 Lenz's law is a consequence of the law of conservation of: [1]
(a) Charge
(b) Momentum
(c) Mass
(d) Energy
Question 14 The phasors V and I for the resistance are in the same direction [1]
which means phase angle between the voltage and current is:
(a) π
(b) π/2
(c) 0
(d) None
ASSERTION-REASON BASED QUESTION
In the following question no. 9 and 10, a statement of Assertion (A)
is followed by a statement of Reason (R). Choose the correct
answer out of the following choices.
(a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of
(A).
(b) Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation
of (A).
(c) (A) is true but (R) is false.
(d) (A) is false but (R) is true.
Question 15 Assertion: Magnetic flux link with coil is directly proportional to [1]
current.
Reason: Self-inductance will not play any role in linking of
magnetic flux with coil.
Question 16 Assertion (A): In series LCR circuit resonance can take place. [1]
Reason (R): Resonance takes place if inductive reactance and
capacitive reactance are equal with phase difference 180∘.

SECTION B

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Question 17 A charge ‘q’ is placed at the centre of a cube of side l. What is the [2]
electric flux passing through two opposite faces of the cube?
OR
A hollow cube of side 5cm encloses a charge of 6C at its centre. [2]
What is the net flux through one of the square face of cube? How
would flux through square face change if 6C charge is placed as
4C and 2C inside the cube at two different points?
Question 18 Two cells of emf 1.5 V and 2.0 V having internal resistance 0.2 Ω [2]
and 0.3 Ω respectively are connected in parallel. Calculate the emf
and internal resistance of the equivalent cell.
Question 19 Distinguish between emf (ε) and terminal voltage (V) of a cell [2]
having internal resistance r. Draw a plot showing the variation of
terminal voltage (V) vs the current (I) drawn from the cell. Using
this plot, how does one determine the internal resistance of the
cell?
Question 20 An inductor of unknown value, a capacitor of 100 μF and a resistor [2]
of 10 Ω are connected in series to a 200 V. 50 Hz a.c. source. It is
found that the power factor of the circuit is unity. Calculate the
inductance of the inductor and the current amplitude.
Question 21 Two heating elements of resistances R1 and R2 when operated at [2]
a constant supply of voltage, V, consume powers P1 and
P2 respectively. Deduce the expressions for the power of their
combination when they are, in turn, connected in
(i) series and
(ii) parallel across the same voltage supply.

SECTION C
Question 22 Derive an expression for the torque experienced by an electric [3]
dipole kept in a uniform electric field.
Question 23 An electric dipole is held in a uniform electric field. [3]
(i) Show that the net force acting on it is zero.
(ii) The dipole is alligned parallel to the field.
Find the work done in rotating it through the angle of 180°.
Question 24 Calculate the current drawn from the battery by the network of [3]
resistors shown in the figure.

Question 25 An electron moves around the nucleus in a hydrogen atom of [3]

radius 0.51 A, with a velocity of 2×105 m/s. Calculate the following:
(i) the equivalent current due to orbital motion of electron.
(ii) the magnetic field produced at the centre of the nucleus.
(iii) the magnetic moment associated with the electron.

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 OR
Derive the expression for force per unit length between two long [3]
straight parallel current carrying conductors. Hence define one
ampere.
Question 26 Define self-inductance of a coil. Show that magnetic energy [3]
required to build up the current I in a coil of self-inductance L is
given by ½ LI2.
Question 27 Using the concept of drift velocity of charge carriers in a conductor, [3]
deduce the relationship between current density and resistivity of
the conductor.
Question 28 State two characteristic properties distinguishing the behaviour of [3]
paramagnetic and diamagnetic materials.
SECTION D
Case Study Based Questions
Question 29 Read the following paragraph and answer the questions that [4]
follow.
Surface Charge Density. Surface charge density is defined as the
charge per unit surface area the
surface (Arial) charge symmetric distribution and follow Gauss law
of electro statics mathematical term of surface charge density
σ=ΔQ/ΔS

Two large thin metal plates are parallel and close to each other.
On their inner faces, the plates have surface charge densities of
opposite sign (± σ). Having magnitude 8.8 × 10–12 Cm–2 as shown
here. The intensity of electrified at a point is E =σ/ε0 and flux is
Φ=E.ΔS, where ΔS = 1 m2 (unit arial plate)
(i) E in the outer region (I) of the first (A) plate is: [1]
(a) 1.7 × 10–22 N/C
(b) 1.1 × 10–12 V/m
(c) Zero
(d) Insufficient data
(ii) E in the outer region (III) of the second plate (B) is: [1]
(a) 1 N/C

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 (b) 0.1 V/m
(c) 0.5 N/C
(d) zero
(iii) E between (II) the plate is: [1]
(a) 1 N/C
(b) 0.1 V/m
(c) 0.5 N/C
(d) None of these
(iv) The ratio of E from left side of plate A at distance 1 cm and 2 m [1]
respectively is:
(a) 1:2
(b) 10 : 2
(c) 1:1
(d) 2:3
OR
(iv) In order to estimate the electric field due to a thin finite plane [1]
metal plate the Gaussian surface considered is:
(a) Spherical
(b) Linear
(c) Cylindrical
(d) Cubic
Question 30 Self-Induction. When a current I flows through a coil, flux linked [4]
with it is φ = LI, where L is a constant known as self-inductance of
the coil.

Any charge in current sets up an induced emf in the coil. Thus, self-
inductance of a coil is the induced emf set up in it when the current
passing through it changes at the unit rate. It is a measure of the
opposition to the growth or the decay of current flowing through the
coil. Also, value of self inductance depends on the number of turns

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 in the solenoid, its area of cross-section and the permeability of its
core material.

(i) The inductance in a coil plays the same role as: [1]
(a) inertia in mechanics
(b) energy in mechanics
(c) momentum in mechanics
(d) force in mechanics
(ii) A current of 2.5 A flows through a coil of inductance 5 H. The [1]
magnetic flux linked with the coil is:
(a) 0.5 Wb
(b) 12.5 Wb
(c) zero
(d) 2 Wb
(iii) The inductance L of a solenoid depends upon its radius R as: [1]
(a) L∝R
(b) L ∝ 1/R
(c) L ∝ R2
(d) L ∝ R3
(iv) The unit of self-inductance is [1]
(a) Weber/ampere
(b) Weber-1 ampere
(c) Ohm second
(d) Farad
OR
(iv) The induced emf in a coil of 10 henry inductance in which current [1]
varies from 9 A to 4 A in 0.2 second is:
(a) 200 V
(b) 250 V
(c) 300 V
(d) 350 V
SECTION E
Question 31 (a) Define the SI unit of capacitance. [5]
(b) Obtain the expression for the capacitance of a parallel plate
capacitor.
(c) Derive the expression for the effective capacitance of a series
combination of n capacitors.

OR

(i) Derive the expression for the electric potential due to an

electric dipole at a point on its axial line.
[5]
(ii) Depict the equipotential surfaces due to an electric dipole.
Question 32 (a) Draw a labelled diagram of a moving coil galvanometer. [5]
Describe briefly its principle and working.

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 (b) Answer the following:
(i) Why is it necessary to introduce a cylindrical soft iron core
inside the coil of a galvanometer?
(ii) Increasing the current sensitivity of a galvanometer may not
necessarily increase its voltage sensitivity. Explain, giving
reason.
OR
(a) Write, using Biot-Savart law, and the expression for the [5]
magnetic field B due to an element dl carrying current I at a
distance r from it in a vector form.
Hence derive the expression for the magnetic field due to a
current carrying loop of radius R at a point P distant x from its
centre along the axis of the loop.
(b) Explain how Biot-Savart law enables one to express the
Ampere’s circuital law in the integral form, viz.,

Question 33 A voltage V = V0 sin ωt is applied to a series LCR circuit. Derive [5]

the expression for the average power dissipated over a cycle.
Under what condition is
(i) no power dissipated even though the current flows through the
circuit,
(ii) maximum power dissipated in the circuit?
OR
Draw graphs showing the variations of inductive reactance and [5]
capacitive reactance with frequency of applied ac source. Draw the
phasor diagram for a series LRC circuit connected to an AC
source. When an alternating voltage of 220V is applied across a
device X, a current of 0.25A flows which lags behind the applied
voltage in phase by π/2 radian. If the same voltage is applied
across another device Y, the same current flows but now it is in
phase with the applied voltage.
(i) Name the devices X and Y.
(ii)Calculate the current flowing in the circuit when the same
voltage is applied across the series combination of X and Y.

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