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Fire Watch Training Guide

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51 views12 pages

Fire Watch Training Guide

Uploaded by

Mujeeb Ullah
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

FIRE WATCH STUDY MATERIAL

1. Explain Fire Triangle?


• Fire Triangle is a diagram which represents the three components that creates a fire
such as Oxygen or Air, Fuel and Heat (source of ignition).
• Absence of any of the components, fire would not occur.

2. What is the different class of fire/types of fire?

Class of Fire

• Class A - Carbon based combustible materials (wood, rubber, paper, fabric, etc.)
• Class B - Liquid (petrol, oil, thinners etc.)
• Class C - Gases (acetylene, propane, LPG, Butane etc.)
• Class D - Metals (Sodium, potassium, magnesium) require special extinguishing agent.
• Class E – Fire involving energized electrical equipment as electrical cable, electrical motor etc.

3. Which type of fire extinguisher is used for each class of fire?


FIRE WATCH STUDY MATERIAL
4. What is fire extinguishing principle?
• Fire extinguishment principle involves elimination one or more of the components forming
a Fire Triangle.
Starving: The removal of fuel to the point so that nothing remains to burn.
Example: turn off valves.
Smothering: The removal of air or oxygen to point the so that combustion ceases.
Example: fire blanket, foam and sand.
Cooling: Cooling of fuel to the point so that combustion vapours are no longer
produced, and temperature is dropped below ignition point.
Example: water spray etc.
Inhibiting the Flame Chain Reaction:
It is represented by fire tetrahedron shown below. In this method by arresting the
chemical chain reaction in the flame zone, combustion process is terminated, e.g.
introduce a Dry Chemical Extinguisher, inert agent etc.

5. Incase of Fire, Accident, Gas leak or Explosion what you will do?
OR
How you will safeguard your people at the site incase of any leak?
Whom & How do you communicate this emergency.

• Inform to nearest fire station (Burgan fire station) with clear details about the incident
and emergency evacuation plan will be following up.
• All running equipment must put off.
• All people have to evacuate in the cross wind direction and calmly walk to the
assembly area there on instructions will mount on the available transport, the transport
will take all to a safe area.
• Every section will have a head count by section head or time keeper or check that any
one missing or not.
• If anyone get hurt during explosion, gas leak, fire or accident, will be evacuated to the
nearest medical center after giving first aid by qualified first aider or doctor.
• Emergency officer will give clear instructions of situation improved or all will be
evacuated to a safe area.
• All work permits will become nullified during emergency automatically.
• During emergency an appointed Sr. staff/Sr. safety officer will take charge as an
emergency officer.
• All will wait in the safe area until further instruction come from the emergency
officer/Either to return back to the work or to a safe area.
FIRE WATCH STUDY MATERIAL
6. Explain PPE?
• Personal Protective Equipment is indented to protect employees from hazards. There
are specific protective equipment’s for specific job. PPE will protect you only if used it in
the intended way.
• PPE is working barrier between harm and human body.

7. What is Housekeeping?
• A place for everything and everything in its place. Before start the job, during the job
and after completion of the job housekeeping should be done.
• Housekeeping means not only cleanness but also orderly arrangement of operations,
tools, equipment‘s storage facilities and suppliers.
• Waste materials and rubbish are a fire and accident hazard

8. What are the Fire Extinguisher Inspection Points?


FIRE WATCH STUDY MATERIAL
Points to Check:
• Check weather handle is in good condition.
• Seal available or No (Yellow Tag)
• Guage is in Good Condition (Needle should be in green) – Pressurized.
• Bottom and body of fire Extinguisher in good condition. (No Cracks, Body Damage or Rust)
• Hose holder is in good condition.
• Hose is in good condition.
• 3rd Party sticker available or no. (Valid for 1 Year)
• Monthly inspection sticker available or no.
• Note: Make sure fire extinguisher always placed in shaded area.

9. What are the Fire Hose Reel Inspection – Points to Check ?


• Accessibility

• Ensure hose reel is not blocked by materials or equipment.


• Cabinet/door opens freely.

• Cabinet & Reel Condition

• Cabinet clean, free from rust/damage.


• Reel rotates smoothly without obstruction.

• Hose Condition

• Hose rolled properly, no cracks, cuts, bulges, or leaks.


• Length sufficient and fully connected.

• Nozzle

• Nozzle present and in good condition.


• Moves freely between jet/spray/shut positions.

• Water Supply

• Valve operates smoothly (open/close).


• Test flow: water comes with proper pressure.

• Signage & Marking

• “Fire Hose Reel” sign visible.


• Operating instructions displayed clearly.

• Seal & Tag

• Safety seal/tamper tag intact.


• Inspection tag updated with date/signature.
FIRE WATCH STUDY MATERIAL

NOTE:
THE OPERATING PRESSURE FOR
A FIRE HOSE TYPICALLY RANGES
FROM 80 TO 300 PSI.
• IT VARIES WITH SIZE OF
HOSE
• 3.5 TO 6 INCHES IN
DIAMETER.

SIGNAGE
OPERATOR INSTRUCTIONS

CABIN

REEL

VALVE

INSPECTION TAG

HOSE NOZZLE

CABIN DOOR
FIRE WATCH STUDY MATERIAL

10. Who is Firewatch?


• A fire watch is the assignment of trained personnel to continuously observe and monitor an area for
signs of fire or fire hazards, especially when:
• Hot work (welding, cutting, grinding, etc.) is being performed.
• Fire protection systems (sprinklers, alarms, detectors) are out of service.
• After a fire incident until the area is declared safe.

11. Duties of a Fire Watch?


• Remain alert and patrol the designated area.
• watch for sparks, smoldering materials, or flammable conditions.
• carry a radio/phone to alert emergency responders immediately.
• Keep fire extinguishers or hoses nearby and know how to use them.
• Do not leave post until properly relieved or the risk is removed.
• Record keeping – document observations in a fire watch log.

12. When is Fire Watch Required?


• During hot work permits (welding, cutting, grinding).
• When fire alarms or sprinklers are offline due to maintenance.
• In confined spaces where sparks/flames could ignite flammable vapors.
• At construction sites with combustible materials.

Fire extinguisher

Fire Blanket
FIRE WATCH STUDY MATERIAL

Fire Bucket
Fire Water Hose

Fire Aid Kit

Personal Gas Monitor


Which Detects H2S

Barrication Cone

Barrication Tape
FIRE WATCH STUDY MATERIAL

Fire Blanket

Fire Booth or Hot Work Booth

13. What is Confined Space?


• Any enclosure having a limited means of entry & exit and it is not designed for continuous
occupancy.
• There will be a presence of any hazardous substances such as flammable and toxic gases, oxygen
deficiency, hot or humid atmosphere or any combination of it.
• Examples: Process vessels, Tanks, Bins, Stacks, Large pipe, Duct, Pits & Trench etc.
• Any excavation with depth more than 1.2 meter.

14. What are the Roles and Responsibilities of Fire Watch during confined space work?

• BEFORE WORK
1. Check Permits – Ensure Hot Work Permit / Confined Space Entry Permit is valid and displayed.
2. Inspect Equipment – Verify fire extinguishers, gas detectors, communication devices are available
and working.
3. Confirm Isolation – Make sure flammable materials, fuel, and ignition sources (other than hot work)
are removed or isolated.
4. Barricade / Signage – Ensure work area is properly barricaded with warning signs.

• DURING WORK
1. Continuous Monitoring – Stay alert near confined space opening; never leave position.
2. Watch for Fire Hazards – Sparks, hot slag, or heat that may ignite materials inside or outside
confined space.
3. Check Atmosphere – Monitor for smoke, fumes, or fire inside confined space.
4. Communication – Maintain constant communication with workers inside and the confined space
attendant.
5. Ready to Act – Keep extinguisher, fire blanket, and emergency equipment ready for immediate use.
6. No Other Duties – Fire Watch should not be distracted with other tasks.
FIRE WATCH STUDY MATERIAL

• IN CASE OF EMERGENCY
1. Raise Alarm Immediately – Use whistle, radio, or alarm system.
2. Attempt Initial Fire Control – Only if it is safe, use extinguisher or fire blanket to suppress fire.
3. Do Not Enter – Fire Watch must never enter confined space to attempt rescue unless trained and
authorized as part of a rescue team.
4. Assist Emergency Response Team – Guide firefighters/rescuers to the exact location and provide
details of situation.

• AFTER WORK
1. Post-Work Monitoring – Remain on watch for minimum 30 minutes (or as per company standard)
after hot work is completed.
2. Final Inspection – Confirm no smoldering or hidden sparks remain.
3. Permit Closure – Inform supervisor and ensure permit is signed off.

15. What are the difference between Fire Watcher and Fire Fighter?
FIRE WATCH STUDY MATERIAL

16. Fire Monitoring.

***** The End *****

Fire Watch

17. What is Line of Fire?

Line of Fire, which was originally a military term, is now commonly used in industrial safety.

• Situations where workers put themselves in harm's way by virtue of the


• type of work they are carrying out.
• Lack of awareness
• Lack of education
• Hazards can be hard to recognize and can
• Cause injury
FIRE WATCH STUDY MATERIAL

18. What is H2S - Hydrogen Sulfide?

Hydrogen sulfide is a chemical compound with the formula H₂S. It is a colorless chalcogen hydride gas
with the characteristic foul odor of rotten eggs. It is poisonous, corrosive, and flammable. Hydrogen
sulfide is heavier than air and therefore found in low lying areas.

• Skin irritation
• Eye irritation
• Throat irritation
• Shortness of breath
• Irritability
• Headache
• Loss of appetite
• Memory problems
• Fluid in the lungs
• Low blood pressure
• Loss of consciousness leading to falls and other injuries

19. PPE Required for Hot work?


FIRE WATCH STUDY MATERIAL

20. What are the areas inside Equate?


• Inside Equate Areas are divided in

1. Exempt Area: (Area outside battery limit).and greater than 10 meters from potential source of
flammable materials and free of combustible materials. E3x shop area, office area.

2. Flammable Area: Within 10 meters of a potential source of flammable materials.

3. General Area: area that is not restricted or flammable area inside battery limit or within 10 meters
of a potential source of a combustible material. But greater than 10 meters of potential source of
flammable materials.

4. Restricted Area: An area in which there is a continuous presence of flammable material in the
atmosphere. Ex floating roof tank, directly over sewer drain (Hot work cannot be done)

************* THE END *************

Common questions

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Using the correct type of fire extinguisher is crucial for efficacy and safety. Each extinguisher is designed to effectively combat specific types of fires based on materials involved. For example, water-based extinguishers are safe for Class A fires but dangerous for Class B and electrical fires, potentially causing spreading or electrical shock. Incorrect usage not only fails to extinguish the fire but can exacerbate the situation, endanger the operator, and cause property damage .

The Fire Watch Study Material classifies fires into several classes based on the materials involved: Class A (carbon-based combustibles like wood and paper), Class B (flammable liquids such as petrol), Class C (gases like propane), Class D (flammable metals such as sodium), and Class E (electrical fires involving energized equipment). Each class requires a specific type of extinguisher: water or foam for Class A, foam or dry chemical for Class B, dry powder for Class C, special agents for Class D, and CO2 or dry chemical for Class E .

The inspection points for a fire hose reel include accessibility (to ensure no obstructions), the condition of the cabinet and reel (clean and operational), hose condition (no cracks or leaks), proper nozzle function, and water supply integrity (smooth valve operation and pressure). Signage must be visible, and safety seals intact. These checks ensure the equipment is functional and dependable in emergencies, where any failure can lead to uncontrolled fire spread and dangers to personnel .

The primary distinction lies in their scope of duties and response capacity. A Fire Watch's role is preventive, involving continuous monitoring, hazard detection, and immediate reporting during specific activities like hot work. They cannot engage in active firefighting unless trained and when safe. Conversely, Firefighters are trained for active fire suppression, rescue operations, and dealing with emergencies post-ignition. Their work involves more specialized equipment and activities .

In an emergency like a fire or explosion, the immediate step is to inform the nearest fire station with clear incident details. All operational equipment must be shut down. Evacuation proceeds calmly towards the assembly area in a crosswind direction. After a headcount, injured persons are given first aid before transport to medical facilities. An emergency officer coordinates the response and provides further instructions, ensuring all work permits are nullified during the incident .

A fire watch is required during hot work operations such as welding or cutting, when fire protection systems are offline, and in confined spaces at risk of flammable vapor buildup. It mitigates hazards related to uncontrolled fires by ensuring constant monitoring, quick response to ignitions, and maintaining communication to alert emergency services. This prevention avoids potential large-scale accidents .

Effective housekeeping minimizes fire risks by maintaining orderly operation spaces, proper storage of tools and materials, and removing potential fire hazards like waste and rubbish. This organizational discipline prevents accidental ignition sources from contact with flammable materials, reducing the chances of fires starting or spreading. Thus, it is an integral part of overall fire safety management .

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) serves as a barrier between the wearer and hazards encountered during fire watch operations. It includes specific gear tailored to protect against various risks like heat, flames, and hazardous environments. For effective protection, proper usage is essential. PPE can mitigate injuries associated with the fire and related risks by providing a controlled layer of defense .

The Fire Triangle explains that fire requires three components to ignite and sustain: oxygen, fuel, and heat. To prevent or control fires, one must remove or stabilize one of these components. For instance, 'starving' eliminates fuel, 'smothering' removes air or oxygen, and 'cooling' decreases heat below the combustion point. Without these components together, a fire cannot occur or continue .

Before confined space work, the Fire Watch must ensure valid permits, inspect equipment (e.g., extinguishers, detectors), confirm isolation, and set up barriers and signage. During the work, continuous monitoring for fire hazards and communication with the crew inside the space is essential, along with readiness to act with emergency equipment. After the work is completed, the Fire Watch conducts post-work monitoring, ensures no lingering hazards, and oversees permit closure. Their role is crucial in maintaining safety and preventing incidents .

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