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Class 12 Physics: Optics Past Papers

The document is a past paper for a Physics course, covering topics such as optical instruments, vision defects, and the properties of light. It includes true/false statements, fill-in-the-blank questions, multiple-choice questions, and problem-solving sections related to telescopes, microscopes, and lasers. The paper is designed to assess students' understanding of optics and related concepts.

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Than Zayar Oo
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166 views4 pages

Class 12 Physics: Optics Past Papers

The document is a past paper for a Physics course, covering topics such as optical instruments, vision defects, and the properties of light. It includes true/false statements, fill-in-the-blank questions, multiple-choice questions, and problem-solving sections related to telescopes, microscopes, and lasers. The paper is designed to assess students' understanding of optics and related concepts.

Uploaded by

Than Zayar Oo
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Physics 22 U Thiha Kyaw [Link].

(Physics)

Chapter 7
2024 Past Paper
Are the following statements True (or) False?
1 Two common defects of vision are farsightedness and nearsightedness.
Fill in the blanks.
1 A camera is an optical instrument that forms and ------- an image of an object.
2 Monochromatic light means that it has a ------- wavelength.
3 Luminous flux (luminous power) 𝛷 is measured in ------.
4 An aperture is a circular opening through which the ------ passes.
5 Human eye is more sensitive to ------ light compared to other colors.
6 A camera is an ------ instrument that records an image of an object.
7 The lens in a compound microscope nearer the object is called the ----.
8 The lens nearer the object is called the ------.
9 The pupil automatically dilates in dim light and ------- in bright light.
Choose the correct answer from the following.
1 In an optical fibre, the light is transmitted through the -------.
(A. core, B. cladding, C. jacket)
2 The core of fibre-optic cable is made of -------.
(A. copper wire, B. thin strand of glass, C. lead wire)
3 Which type of lenes are used in telescope?
(A. convex, B. mirror, C. concave)
4 Which part of the eye functions similarly to the diaphragm in a camera, controlling the
amount of light that enters the eye?
(A. Cornea, B. Lens, C. Iris)
5 What does monochromatic light refer to?
(A. Light of various wavelengths, B. Light of a single wavelength or colour, C.
Light with no polarization)
6 ------ is the defect of vision in which distant objects are seen clearly, but objects nearby
are blurry.
(A. Farsightedness, B. Nearsightedness, C. Blindness)
7 Monochromatic light has a single ------.
(A. wavelength, B. amplitude, C. intensity)
8 A microscope uses lenses to make ------ images of objects.
(A. clear, B. reduced, C. enlarged)
9 A ------- controls the time during which light enters the camera through the lens.
(A. film, B. aperture, C. shutter)
10 People with ------ can see clearly objects which are at infinity.
(A. farsightedness, B. nearsightedness, C. normal vision)
11 What type of lens is used as an eyepiece to produce an erect final image in terrestrial
telescope?
Physics 23 U Thiha Kyaw [Link]. (Physics)

(A. convex lens, B. concave lens, C. magnifying lens)


Section B
1 Draw ray diagram of an astronomical telescope.
2 A compound microscope consists of two thin lenses, an objective of focal length 20 mm
and an eyepiece of focal length 50 mm, placed 220 mm apart. If the final image is viewed
at infinity, calculate the distance of the object from the objective.
3 In a laser unit, laser beam of wavelength 6328 Å is emitted. How many photons are released
per second if the output power is 1 mW? (h = 6.625 × 10−34 J s, c = 3 × 108 m s-1)
4 Draw the optical features of the eye and label each part.
5 A compound microscope consists of two thin lenses, an objective of focal length 20 mm
and an eyepiece of focal length 50 mm, placed 220 mm apart. If the final image is viewed
at infinity, calculate the distance of the object from the objective.
6 What are meant by farsightedness and nearsightedness and how can they be corrected?
7 How many photons are emitted in 1 s by 7.5 mW of CO2 laser with the wavelength of 10.6
𝜇m? (Planck’s constant, h = 6.62 × 10-34 J s, c = 3 × 108 m s-1)
8 Draw the diagram of a terrestrial telescope that uses a concave lens as an eyepiece.

2025 Past Paper


Are the following statements True (or) False?
1 The pupil controls the amount of light energy entering the eye.
2 The human eye is very similar to a camera in many aspects.

Fill in the blanks.


1 The fibre optics works on the principle of --------.
2 One of the unique properties of a laser beam is ----------.
3 The SI unit for illuminance is lux(lx). 1 lx is equal to ---------- lm m².
4 The film consists of a thin layer of chemical compounds of -------.
5 The -------- in the eye is similar to the aperture in the camera.
6 -------- light means that it has a single wavelength.
7 In the terrestrial telescope a ---------- lens is used as an eyepiece to produce an erect final
image.
8 The ------- is the coloured portion of the eye and controls the amount of light entering the
eye.
9 As the magnifying power increases, the --------- of images is reduced.
10 A camera is an --------- instrument that records an image of an object.
11 The component of a camera that regulates the amount of light entering is known as the
---------.
Choose the correct answer from the following.
1 The yellow spot which is the most light-sensitive spot is --------.
(A. behind the retina, B. in front of the retina, C. on the retina)
Physics 24 U Thiha Kyaw [Link]. (Physics)

2 Which of the following does not make use of total internal reflection?
(A. endoscope, B. oscilloscope, C. optical fibres)
3 Which colour of light will have the smallest diffraction angle in a grating?
(A. red, B. orange, C. violet)
4 What is the SI unit of illuminance?
(A. candela per square metre (cd m²), B. lux (lx), C. candela (cd))
5 Which color of light is more sensitive to the human eye?
A. red, B. blue, C. green
6 If a star is approaching the earth the spectral lines would shift towards ---------- end.
A. blue, B. red, C. green
7 The core of a fibre-optic cable is made of ----------.
A. copper wire, B. thin strand of glass, C. lead wire
8 Which part of the human eye is responsible for adjusting the focus of light to form a clear
image on the retina?
(A. Iris, B. Lens, C. Cornea)
9 When taking a photograph in bright light a --------- f-number must be used.
(A. small, B. large, C. zero)
10 A microscope uses lenses to make --------- images of objects.
(A. clear, B. reduced, C. enlarged)
11 What principle is utilized in a compound microscope to achieve high magnification?
(A. Refraction of light through a convex lens, B. Total internal reflection, C. Diffraction
of light)
Section B
1 A telescope consists of two thin converging lenses of focal lengths 100 cm and 10 cm
respectively. It is used to view an object 2000 cm from the objective. What is the separation
of the lenses if the final image is 25 cm from the eyelens? Determine the magnifying power
for an observer whose eye is close to the eyelens.
2 Draw the illustration of four quantities of photometry.
3 The luminous intensity of a source is 200 cd. The mounting height of the lamp is 6 m
from the ground. Find the illuminance on the ground Ev: (i) just below the lamp, (ii) 3 m
horizontally away from the lamp on the ground.
4 How many photons are emitted per second by a 7.5 mW of CO2 laser with the wavelength
of 10.6 µm? (h = 6.62 × 10-34 J s)
5 Draw the diagrams of human eye showing how the eyelens changes its shape to obtain a
sharp image on the retina when viewing (i) near objects and (ii) distant objects.
6 Two light sources of 8 cd and 12 cd are placed on the same side of the photometer screen
at a distance of 40 cm from it. Where should an 80 cd source be placed to balance the
illuminance?
Physics 25 U Thiha Kyaw [Link]. (Physics)

7 What is a useful application of fibre optics? Name the dispersion elements used in the
optical spectrometer. State two essential processes to initiate a laser action.
8 Draw a ray diagram of a terrestrial telescope that used a concave lens as an eyepiece.
9 Light from a lamp is falling normally on a surface distant 10 m from the lamp and the
illuminance on it is 10 lux. In order to increase the illuminance 9 times, what distance will
the lamp be placed from the surface?

Common questions

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Both the camera and the human eye have components that control the amount of light entering them. In a camera, the diaphragm functions similarly to the iris in the human eye—both adjust the aperture through which light passes. The diaphragm in a camera changes the size of the aperture to control light intensity, much like how the iris adjusts the pupil size to regulate light entering the eye .

The two common visual defects are farsightedness and nearsightedness. Farsightedness, where distant objects can be seen clearly but close objects appear blurry, can be corrected using convex lenses, which bend light rays inward to focus closer to the retina. Nearsightedness, where nearby objects are clear but distant ones are blurry, is corrected with concave lenses, which spread light rays so they focus on the retina .

Fiber-optic cables transmit light through the principle of total internal reflection, where light is repeatedly reflected within the core of the cable, which is made of a thin strand of glass, to maintain signal quality over long distances. This technology is applied in telecommunications for high-speed data transfer and in medical instruments like endoscopes, which allow for internal body examinations without invasive surgery .

Monochromatic light is characterized by a single wavelength, meaning it consists of one color. This property is crucial in optical instruments for minimizing chromatic aberration and is used in scenarios requiring precise image clarity, as it focuses without dispersion into other colors, unlike white light which disperses into a spectrum .

Total internal reflection allows optical fibers to transmit light efficiently over long distances by reflecting light within the core without escaping, crucial for long-range and lossless data communication. However, any imperfections or bending beyond a critical angle can cause signal loss, necessitating careful design and deployment in practical applications .

For a compound microscope with an objective of focal length 20 mm and an eyepiece of focal length 50 mm placed 220 mm apart, the object distance (u) for the objective can be calculated using lens formula and focal points alignment conditions. Given the final image at infinity, the distance of the object from the objective lens is found using these optical relationships .

An optical spectrometer operates on principles of dispersion and diffraction. It uses dispersion elements like prisms or gratings to separate light into its components based on wavelength. This separation allows detailed analysis of light's spectral composition, assisting applications in identifying material properties and conducting chemical analyses .

Magnifying power in a microscope can be adjusted by changing the focal lengths of the objective and eyepiece lenses and their relative distance. Increasing the objective lens's focal length or decreasing the eyepiece lens's focal length increases magnification. The total length between lenses also impacts how strongly light is focused and magnified .

The magnifying power of a telescope is determined by the ratio of the focal lengths of the objective lens to the eyepiece lens. A long focal length for the objective and a short focal length for the eyepiece enhances magnifying power, making distant objects appear much larger. This principle is crucial in designing both astronomical and terrestrial telescopes .

The wavelength of a laser beam determines its position within the electromagnetic spectrum, impacting its energy and the potential applications. For instance, a 6328 Å wavelength laser, emitting red light, is suitable for optical data storage or holography. Shorter wavelength lasers can perform precise cutting in surgery and material processing due to higher energy concentration .

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