Training Module Title: SOAP AND DETERGENT PRODUCTION
Training Duration: 6 months
Trainee Entry Requirements:
Trainees are required to have the following qualifications;
▪ Must at least be a eighth grade school graduate
▪ Must be able to communicate in English
▪ Must be physically and mentally fit
Target Group:
In general: the Community, the students, federal/ regional offices, governmental/private
organizations
In particular:
● Soap and detergent industry employee
● Anybody want to start/expand soap and detergent business
● Individuals want to make for personal uses
● Our students want to develop their career
Training Objectives
To teach the world of soap and detergent
To deliver theoretical knowledge and practical skills of detergent production
To deliver theoretical knowledge and practical skills of soap production
Training Skill Gain
● Safety procedures and hazard prevention skills
● Bar soap production skill
● Liquid detergent production skill
● Marketing principles for the products
● Cost analysis for the products
Training Modality:
Depending on the nature of the topics the training will be delivered using the following modes:
● Lecture
● Group discussion
● Video and simulation
● Demonstration
● Laboratory practical work
● Individual work
Training Aids/Materials
▪ LCD projector
▪ Training modules
Training Materials
Materials and Equipment Chemicals
▪ Mixer ▪ LABSA
▪ Water heater bath ▪ Caustic soda
▪ Weighing balance ▪ SLES
▪ Beaker, Conical flask, Separating funnel ▪ CAPB
and Burette and Pipette ▪ Thickener
▪ Plastic Mixing tank ▪ Soda Ash
▪ Stirrer ▪ STTP
▪ Stainless steel pot ▪ Formalin
▪ Water dispenser ▪ Colorant
▪ Mold for bar soap ▪ Perfume
▪ Indicator (litmus paper) ▪ Salt
▪ pH meter ▪ Oil
▪ Sealing gun ▪ Sodium silicate
▪ Dolomite
Assessment Methods:
● Written exam
● Viva voice
● Direct observation
● Demonstration
Training Description
The Soap and Detergent industry is highly profitable with superb market potential. The rapid
urbanization and lifestyle change of our country makes the demand to increase in the future.
Therefore, supply the market demand, the business operators need to introduce in the market in
various scales. It is intended to train soap and detergent in one module since they have very
similar chemical properties. They have also a significant difference between them; soaps are
produced from natural products, and detergents are synthetic. Therefore, the module covers
Hazard identification, safety requirements and preventive measures
Basic sciences in soap and detergent
Fundamentals of Soap and detergent
Liquid Detergent making
Bar Soap making
Marketing & cost analysis
CONTENTS
Section 1 (S 1)
BASIC THEORIES ON SOAP AND DETERGENT
Learning Objectives;
▪ To determine the difference between Acids & Bases
▪ To be familiar with pH measurement
▪ To understand the importance of studying Acids & Bases
Learning Outcomes:
● Characterize acids and bases
● Measure pH
● Control pH
Contents
S1.1
1. Acids and bases
● Define acids and bases
2. pH and pH scale
3. Identifying acids and bases
4. pH measurement methods
4.1. Lithmus paper
4.2. pH meter
5. Characteristics of acids and bases
6. Section evaluation
● Interaction (Test questions and Answers)
● Group discussion points
S 1.1 Modality:
● Lecture
● Group discussions
S1.1 Aid materials:
● LCD
● Writing materials
S1.1 Assessment:
● Viva voice
● Written exam
S1.2
7. Demonstration and Experiment
7.1. List of the pH measuring tools
7.2. pH measuring procedure
8. Why we learn about acids and bases
S1.2 Modality:
● Lecture
● Group discussions
● Demonstration
● Experiments
S1.2 Aid materials:
● Writing materials
● Manual
● Lithmus paper
● pH meter
● Tap water
● Bottled water
● Soft drinks
S1.2 Assessment:
● Viva voice
● Direct observation
Section 2 (S2)
DETERGENT
Learning Objectives
▪ To identify soap and liquid detergent ingredients
▪ To formulate soap and liquid detergent ingredients
▪ To list the equipment needed
▪ To produce bar soap and liquid detergent
▪ To check quality control parameters
Learning Outcomes:
●
● Measure pH
● Control pH
Contents
Introduction to detergent production
Chemistry of detergent
Raw material for detergent and their selection
Washing action of detergent
Surfactants
What are surfactants?
Actions of Surfactant
Wetting
Emulsification
Foaming
Dispersion
Foaming
Builders
What are builders
Functions builders
Softening
buffering,
solubilizing
Solvents
Fillers
Application and formulation of detergent
Household Cleaning
Liquid Detergent
PRODUCTION OF LIQUID DETERGENT AND QUALITY CONTROL
Learning Objectives
▪ To explain detergent ingredients
▪ To familiarize equipment operation
▪ To prepare raw materials
▪ To mix raw materials
▪ To check quality parameters
▪ To characterize
▪ To pack and store
Contents
1. Introduction
2. Performance Criteria
3. Formulation Requirements
4. Approach to Product Formulation
Performance (Quality)
Convenience
Cost
Technical suitability
Customer need
5. Additives to Detergent Actives: In-putting (Charging) raw materials
6. Machine mixing: Reacting (Mixing)
7. Quality parameters and quality control
▪ pH
▪ Color
▪ Active matter performance
▪ Viscosity
▪ Odor
8. Packaging of soaps and detergents
Introduction
Packaging Material & Specifications
Package Testing Methods
SOAP
Learning Objectives
▪ To explain soap ingredients
▪ To familiarize equipment operation
▪ To prepare raw materials
▪ To mix raw materials
▪ To check quality parameters
▪ To characterize
▪ To pack and store
Contents
1. Define soap
2. Saponification of Fats - The Basic Chemical Reaction Making Soap.
3. Soap making process
3.1. Raw materials
3.2. Materials needed
3.3. Measurement and formulation
3.4. Procedures
3.4.1. Mixing
3.4.2. Molding
3.4.3. Drying
3.4.4. Characteristics of Soap
3.4.5. Quality parameters and control
3.4.6. Packaging and storage
MARKETING AND COST ANALYSIS
Learning Objectives
▪ To understand soap and detergent marketing strategies
▪ To be able to analyze cost of the products
Contents
1. Product life cycle
2. Cost analysis
