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Migration - Short Notes History

Migration is the movement of people for various reasons, categorized into internal and international types. Causes include economic, social, political, and environmental factors, while impacts affect social, economic, political, and environmental aspects. Government policies play a crucial role in regulating migration through laws and agreements.

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35 views2 pages

Migration - Short Notes History

Migration is the movement of people for various reasons, categorized into internal and international types. Causes include economic, social, political, and environmental factors, while impacts affect social, economic, political, and environmental aspects. Government policies play a crucial role in regulating migration through laws and agreements.

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lokopalihealthcare
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© © All Rights Reserved
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CLASS 8th ICSE (SST)

MIGRATION Class Notes

1. Definition: Migration refers to the movement of people from one place to another, either within a country or across
international borders, for various reasons such as economic, social, political, or environmental factors.

2. Types of Migration:

• Internal Migration: Movement of people within the boundaries of a country.

• International Migration: Movement of people across national borders.

• Rural to Urban Migration: Movement from countryside areas to cities.

• Urban to Rural Migration: Movement from cities to rural areas.

• International Emigration/Immigration: Movement across international borders, leaving or entering a


country.

3. Causes of Migration:

• Economic Factors: Seeking better job opportunities, higher wages, or improved living standards.

• Social Factors: Family reasons, education, marriage, or quality of life.

• Political Factors: Escaping persecution, conflict, or seeking asylum.

• Environmental Factors: Natural disasters, climate change, or environmental degradation.

4. Impact of Migration:

• Social Impact: Cultural exchange, diversity, and sometimes tension or conflict.

• Economic Impact: Contribution to labor force, remittances, and strain on resources in host areas.

• Political Impact: Changes in demographics, policies, and sometimes tensions over resources or rights.

• Environmental Impact: Pressure on natural resources, urbanization, and changes in land use.

5. Examples of Migration:

• Rural to Urban Migration: Farmers moving to cities in search of employment opportunities.

• International Migration: Syrian refugees fleeing conflict and seeking asylum in neighboring countries.
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• Economic Migration: Mexicans migrating to the United States for better job opportunities.

• Environmental Migration: Residents of low-lying island nations relocating due to rising sea levels.

6. Government Policies:

• Governments may implement immigration laws, border controls, and refugee policies.

• Some countries encourage skilled migration to fill labor shortages, while others restrict immigration for
various reasons.

• International agreements and organizations like the United Nations may influence migration policies.

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