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Ds sample mcqs

Data Structures (University of Mumbai)

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Sample MCQ
1) The objective of B.I. is
A. To support decision-making and complex problem solving.
B. To support information gathering.
C. To support data collection.
D. To support data analysis.

2) Decision making process is of phases.

A. Three
B. Five
C. Two
D. Six
E.
3) DSS stands for:
A. Decision Support System.
B. Definition support System.
C. Data sub system
D. D. Data storage system.

4) measurements express the level of conformity of a given system to the objectives

for which it was designed.
A. Effectiveness
B. Efficiency
C. Evaluation
D. Feedback

5) Decision support systems are used for

A. Management decision making
B. Providing tactical information to management
C. Providing strategic information to management
D. Better operation of an organization

6) Which of following is not phase of decision making process

A. Design
B. Analysis
C. Intelligence
D. Choice

7) Strategic information is needed for

A. Day to day operations
B. Meet government requirements
C. Long range planning
D. Short range planning

8) Strategic information is needed for

A. Day to day operations
B. Meet government requirements
C. Long range planning

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D. Short range planning

9) Phases are in Decision making process

A. Intelligence, Design, Choice, Implementation, Control.
B. Design, Develop, Apply
C. Data, Process, Develop, Implement, Control
D. Search, Sort, Design, Develop, Implement

10) Business intelligence allows to make and timely decisions.

A. Effective
B. Right
C. Correct
D. Beneficiary

11) What is a model ?

A. a selective abstraction of real world

B. a selective imagination of 1st world
C. a selective proposal of real world
D. a selective example of second word

12) A material representation of a real system, whose behaviour is imitated for the purpose of the
analysis is called as ?

A. Analogical Model
B. Iconic Model
C. Symbolic Model
D. Static Model

13) Which is the last Phases of mathematical models for decision making

A. Problem Identification
B. Implementation and Testing
C. Model Formation
D. Development of Algorithm

14) Which of the statement is not true about Data Mining?

A. The term data mining refer to the overall process consisting of data gathering and analysis,
development of inductive learning models and adoption of practical decisions and consequent
actions based on the knowledge acquired.
B. Data mining analysis is to draw a fresh conclusion without investigating the past
data, observations and interpretations

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C. Data mining activities can be subdivided into two major investigation streams, interpretation
and prediction.
D. The data mining process is based on inductive learning methods

15) A significant proportion of the models used in business intelligence systems, such
models, require input data concerned with future events.

A. Project management model

B. learning model
C. Predictive model
D. optimization model

16) The purpose of a data mining process is some-times to provide a simple and concise
representation of the information stored in a .

A. .small dataset
B. large dataset.
C. numeric dataset
D. stored dataset

17) The purpose of feature selection, also called .

A. feature reduction
B. feature compression
C. feature normalization
D. feature denormalization

18) The term theory is reserved for the variety of mathematical models and
methods that can be found at the core of each data mining analysis and that are used to generate
new knowledge.
A. mathematical learning
B. machine learning
C. deep learning
D. static learning

19) which technique used this general equation:

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A. Min-max standardization
B. z- score
C. standardisation
D. zero scaling

20) how many distinct myopic search schemes are followed?

A. two
B. four
C. three
D. one

21) Which of the following is finally produced by Hierarchical Clustering?

a. final estimate of cluster centroids
b. tree showing how close things are to each other
c. assignment of each point to clusters
d. k-Means Clustering

22) Point out the wrong statement.

a. k-means clustering is a method of vector quantization.
b. k-means clustering aims to partition n observations into k clusters.
c. k-nearest neighbor is same as k-means.
d. k-nearest neighbor has nothing to do with k-means.

23) Which of the following is characteristic of exploratory graph?

a. Made slowly
b. Axes are not cleaned up
c. Color is used for personal information
d. All of the mentioned

24) Which of the following gave rise to need of graphs in data analysis?
a. Data visualization
b. Communicating results
c. Decision making
d. data Analysis

25) Which of the following information is not given by five-number summary?

a. Mean
b. Median
c. Mode
d. average

26) Which of the following graph can be used for simple summarization of data?
a) Scatterplot
b) Overlaying
c) Barplot
d) pie chart

27 ) Classify variable which is not continuous.

a. age

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b. height
c. gender
d. revenue of medical shop

28 ) Neural Networks are methods of ?

a. Regression
b. Clustering
c. Classification
d. Customization

29) Classify variable which is not continuous.

a. age
b. height
c. gender
d. revenue of medical shop

30) Agglomerative methods are techniques.

a) Top-Down
b) Left-Right
c) Right-Left
d) Bottom-Up

31) Which of the following is not a component of Relational Marketing

A. Organisation
B. BI and Data Mining
C. Technology
D. Fund

32) Which of the following is not an optimization model?

A. Extra Capacity
B. Maximum Fixed Cost
C. Backlogging
D. Multiple Plants

33) The expresses relationship between the Inputs utilized and Outputs Produced:
A. Efficiency Function
B. Effective Frontier
C. Efficient Frontier
D. Effective Fact

34) . The Relationship Marketing is all about

A. Creating database value
B. Travelling programs
C. Maintaining relationship with customer

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D. Loyalty based on behaviour

35) Which of the following is not a component of relational marketing strategy?

A. Strategy
B. Data Mining
C. Technology
D. Customers

36) The expresses relationship between the Inputs utilized and Outputs Produced:
A. Efficiency Function
B. Effective Frontier
C. Efficient Frontier
D. Effective Fact

37) Which of the following is not a stage in “Lifetime of a Customer”

a. Acquisition
b. Cross/Up Selling
c. Retention
d. Bargaining

38) Which of the following is true:

A. Intensity of Relation is low for B2C
B. Intensity of Relation is low for B2B
C. Intensity of Relation is high for B2C
D. Does not depend on whether it is B2B or B2C.

39) It is a managerial Policy whose purpose is to maximize profit through an optimal balance
between demand and supply.
A. Management insight
B. Economic System
C. Sales System
D. Revenue Management
System

40) Which of the following statements is true?

A. A relationship marketing is a collection of software applications.
B. A relationship marketing is a coherent project where the various company departments are
called upon to cooperate and integrate the managerial culture and human resources
C. A relationship marketing is a coherent project where the various company departments are
called upon to work using CRM tools
D. A relational marketing creates a true data culture in an organization.

41) represent how you increase the ability of individuals within the organisations to
influence others with the knowledge.
a. People
b. Processes
c. Technology

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d. Culture

42) Characteristics of expert systems

A. High Performance
B. Demonstrating
C. Advising
D. Diagnosing

43) Strategy followed for finding cause or reasons.

A. Backward Chaining
B. Forward Chaining
C. Facts
D. Decisions

44) Knowledge Management Activity aims at

A. Total turing test
B. The rational agent approach
C. To build knowledge infrastructure
D. Thinking humanly

45) What is the form of Knowledge representation?

A. IF-THEN
B. IF-THEN-ELSE
C. IF-ELSE
D. ELSE

46) A is nothing but an expert system without knowledge base.

A. Tools
B. Expert System
C. shell
D. knowledge

47) which one of the following is not a type of Knowledge

A. Declarative Knowledge
B. Procedural Knowledge
C. Tactic Knowledge
D. Collective Knowledge

48) Who introduced the term “Artificial Intelligence”

A. Arthur Samule
B. Marvin Lee Minsky
C. Jhon McCarthy

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D. E. F. Codd

49) is required to exhibit intelligence.

A. Data
B. Knowledge
C. Information
D. High-quality data

50) Who is the person who is responsible for making knowledge management effort in an
organization
.
A. CIO
B. CEO
C. CKO
D. CKE

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Sem 6
Business Intelligence

Unit I

1. Business intelligence system provides tools and methodologies to knowledge workers

to help them to take .
a) Effective decision.
b) Timely decision

d) Efficient Decision.

2. is the outcome of extraction and processing activities carried out on data.

a) Knowledge

c) Data
d) Raw Data

3. The objective of B.I. is .

b) To support information gathering.

c) To support data collection.
d) To support data analysis.

4. Which of the following is not a component of business intelligence analysis cycle?

a) Analysis
b) Insight
c) Decision

5. In BI Architecture, is used to gather and integrate the data stored in

various primary and secondary sources.

a) Data Warehouse
b) Data mart

d) None of the above.

6. Extraction of information and knowledge from data is known as

b) Optimisation
c) Data exploration
d) Data mart

7. Following are the phases of Development of a business intelligence system.

a) Analysis and Design
b) Planning
c) Implementation and Control

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8. Decision making process is of phases.

a) Three

c) Two
d) Six

9. Well defined and recurring decision-making procedure is called

b) Semi-structured
c) Operational
d) Unstructured

10. In approach, a decision maker considers economic, tactical legal,

ethical, procedural and political factors.
a) Absolute rationality approach
b) Bounded rationality approach

d) None of the above.

11. a) Data mart is a subset of data warehouse.

b) Data marts contain repositories of summarized data collected for analysis on a
specific section or unit within an organization.
a) Only a is correct
b) Only b is correct

d) Both are wrong.

12. is the outcome of extraction and processing activities carried out on data.
a) Data

c) Knowledge
d) Wisdom

13. In ETL ‘E’ stands for .

a) External

c) Extreme
d) None of the above

14. DSS stands for:

b) Definition support System.

c) Data sub system
d) Data storage system

15. represent the real problem situations.

a) Data
b) Models

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c) Tools
d) Information

16. During the phase, additional data conversion occurs to performed to obtain
the summaries that will reduce the response time.
a) Loading.
b) Extraction.

d) Performance Evaluation.

17. Optimization is:

b) Successful marketing approaches to achieve the optimum outcome.

c) Getting the greatest return for the least expenditure of time, effort, manpower.
d) All the above.

18. (a)A decision support system helps in decision making but does not necessarily give a
decision itself.
(b) decision support system is a computer-based application that collects organizes and
analyses business data to facilitate quality business decision making for management,
operations, and planning.
a) only a is correct.
b) only b is correct
c)
d) both are wrong.

19. measurements express the level of conformity of a given system to the

objectives for which it was designed.

b) Efficiency
c) Evaluation
d) Feedback

20. is the first stage in developing in decision support system.

a) Analysis
b) Design

d) Planning

21. Data by itself is not useful unless

a) It is massive

c) It is collected from diverse sources

d) It is properly stated

22. Decision support systems are used for

b) Providing tactical information to management

c) Providing strategic information to management
d) Better operation of an organization

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23. Business intelligence (BI) is a broad category of application programs which includes:
a) Decision support
b) Data mining
c) OLAP

24. Decision support systems are used by

a) Line managers.
b) Top-level managers.
c) Middle level managers.
d) System users

25. Which of following is not phase of decision-making process

a) Design

c) Intelligence
d) Choice

26. is a broad category of applications and technologies for gathering,

storing, analysing, and providing access to data to help enterprise users make better
business decisions.
a) best practice
b) data mart
c) business information warehouse

27. Organizations have hierarchical structures because

a) it is convenient to do so
b) it is done by every organization

d) it provides opportunities for promotions

28. Strategic information is needed for

a) Day to day operations
b) Meet government requirements

d) Short range planning

29. Decision support systems are essential for

a) Day–to-day operation of an organization.
b) Providing statutory information.

d) Ensuring that organizations are profitable.

30. Computer information system are most successful in providing information for:

b) Planning decision
c) Strategic decision
d) None of the above

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31. Close System Cycle defined as

a) Which is System cycle does not need any output.

c) Able to modify their own output flows based on process.

d) Able to modify their own output without any process.

32. Information is transformed into to make decisions.

a) Data
b) Information

d) File

33. Mathematical models are developed by

b) exploring the relationships with data.

c) developing mathematical logic
d) exploiting the relationships among system control variables, parameters and
evaluation metrics

34. BI supports for data.

a) Files
b) Data Marts & Data Warehouse.
c) Data Mining

35. The fourth phase of the Bicycle involves performances measurement

a) Design

c) Intelligence
d) Graph

36. technologies enabling factors that have facilitate development of BI with

complex organizations
a) Application
b) System
c) business information

37. Phases are in Decision making process

b) Design, Develop, Apply

c) Data, Process, Develop, Implement, Control
d) Search, Sort, Design, Develop, Implement

38. Decisions can be classified into their

a) concept and thoughts
b) Supply and Demand

d) Techniques

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39. Full Form of DSS is

a) Day–to-day System Support.
b) Dynamic System Service.

d) Decision Solve System.

40. Knowledge Management increase in the

b) no. of difficulties considered

c) no. of risks considered
d) no. of models considered

41. Information is transformed into when it is used to make decisions and

develop the corresponding actions.
a) Data

c) Outcome
d) Experience

42. Business intelligence allows to make and timely decisions.

b) Correct
c) Right
d) Beneficiary

43. It is necessary to recognize and accurately spell out the problem in phase in
the Cycle of a business intelligence analysis

b) Insight
c) Decision
d) Evaluation

44. ETL process consists of Extract, and Load.

a) Translate
b) Track
c) Transmit

45. Analysis, Design, Planning and are the Phases in the development
of a business intelligence system.
a) Implementation

c) Control
d) Coding

46. The evaluation metrics can be categorized into two main classes - effectiveness and
.
a) Perfection
b) Performance

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c) Effectiveness

47. Decisions can be classified in terms of two main dimensions, according to

their and scope.

b) Type
c) Time
d) Need

48. Depending on scope, decisions can be classified as strategic, tactical and

.
a) Accurate

c) Sequential
d) Procedural

49. A decision support system has been defined as an interactive computer system helping
decision makers to combine data and to solve semi-structured and
unstructured problems.
a) Information
b) Knowledge

d) Experience

50. A DSS must be and adaptable.

b) Changeable
c) Adjustable
d) Knowledgeable

Unit II

1. What is a model?
a) a selective abstraction of real world
b) a selective imagination of 1st world

d) a selective example of second word

2. A material representation of a real system, whose behaviour is imitated for the purpose
of the analysis is called as .
a) Analogical Model

c) Symbolic Model
d) Static Model

3. In which model some input information represents random events characterized by a

probability distribution?

b) Iconic

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c) Symbolic
d) Static

4. What is allowed by Sensitivity and Scenario analyses be assessed?

a) the robustness of optimal decisions from variations in the input parameters.
b) the robustness of optimal decisions to variations into input parameters.
c) the robustness of optimal decisions to variations in the input data.
d) the robustness of optimal decisions to variations in the input parameters.

5. Which model observes the status of a system only at the beginning or at the end
of discrete intervals?

b) Static-time dynamic models

c) Symbolic -time dynamic models
d) Iconic-time dynamic models

6. The purpose of explanatory models is to functionally identify a possible

relationship between a dependent variable and ?
a) a set of positive attributes
b) a set of negative attributes
c) a set of neutral attributes
d) s

7. Which is one of the primary objectives of mathematical models?

b) to identify irregular patterns in the data

c) to identify negative patterns in the data
d) to identify neutral patterns in the data

8. The conceptual paradigm outlined determines a wide and popular class of

mathematical models for decision making, represented by models

b) stochastic models
c) supervised models
d) iconic models

9. What is the aim of Data Mining?

b) useful for knowledge workers in decision making

c) extracting raw data
d) Both A & B

10. On which learning methods the Data Mining method is based?

b) deductive learning methods

c) basic learning methods
d) comprehensive learning methods

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11. What is the purpose of Interpretation?

b) to express the rules and criteria for easy understanding

c) to identify irregular patterns in the data
d) Both A & B

12. Classification Trees or Association Rules are also called as?

b) knowledge discovery in databases

c) deep learning
d) A & B

13. Which are the last Phases of mathematical models for decision making
a) Problem Identification

c) Model Formation
d) Development of Algorithm

14. Which mathematical model aims at understanding the mechanisms that regulate the
development of intelligence, ability to extract knowledge from experience in order to
apply it in the future.
a) Risk analysis models
b) Optimization models

d) Waiting line models

15. In which Mathematical model the decision maker is required to choose among a number
of available alternatives

b) Optimization models
c) Pattern recognition Models
d) Waiting line models

16. Which of the statement is not true about Data Mining?

a) The term data mining refers to the overall process consisting of data gathering
and
analysis, development of inductive learning models and adoption of practical
decisions and consequent actions based on the knowledge acquired.

c) Data mining activities can be subdivided into two major investigation streams,
interpretation and prediction.
d) The data mining process is based on inductive learning methods

17. Which is not the Phase of data Mining Process

a) Data Gathering
b) Selection of Attributes
c) Prediction and interpretation

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18. Data Inception Means

b) identify missing values

c) replacement of missing Data
d) discard all records

19. Data Elimination Means

a) inspection of each missing value
b) identify missing values
c) replacement of missing Data

20. Data mining activities can be subdivided into two major investigation streams , which are
a) Interpretation and Sampling

c) Forecast and Prediction

d) Forecast and Interpretation

21. Which is the Application of Data Miming

a) Fraud Detection

c) Both a & b
d) Only b

22. learning analyses are not guided by a target attribute.

b) Guided
c) Unguided
d) Unsupervised

23. Which of the following is not a primary phase for the development of a model?
a) Model formulation
b) Implementation & Testing

d) Problem identification

24. PERT is an abbreviation of

a) Process Evaluation and Review Techniques

c) Part Evaluation and Review Techniques

d) Project Estimating and Review Techniques

25. Which of the following describes the order in which customers are extracted from the line
to be admitted to the service?
a) Population
b) Arrivals

d) Line rules

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26. ''To anticipate the value that a random variable will assume in the future or to estimate the
likelihood of the future events'' is the purpose of?
a) Interpretation

c) Data mining
d) A & B both

27. attributes are numerical attributes that assume a finite number or a

countable infinity of values.
a) Ordinal
b) Continuous

d) Nominal

28. is used when the target variable takes on continuous values.

b) Clustering
c) Classification
d) Characterization

29. The purpose of is to identify and implement corrective actions in case of

incomplete and inconsistent data or data affected by noise.

b) Data Transformation
c) Data Reduction
d) Data Noise

30. If the distribution of values of the attribute aj is roughly normal, the z index-based
transformation generates values that are almost certainly within the range.

b) (-2,2)
c) (-4,4)
d) (-1,1)

31. The purpose of is to obtain a decrease in the number of distinct values assumed
by one or more attributes.
a) Data Validation
b) Data Transformation

d) Data Noise

32. PCA is
a) Projection Combination Analysis
b) Principal Combination Analysis

d) Projection Combination Analysis

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33. In learning analysis, a target attribute either represents the class to which
each record belongs.

b) Unsupervised Learning
c) Clustering
d) Classification

34. learning analyses are not guided by a target attribute.

a) Supervised Learning

c) Clustering
d) Classification

35. Which of the following does not include in seven basic data mining tasks?
a) characterization and discrimination

c) regression
d) time series analysis

36. In a a set of observations is available, usually represented by the records

of a dataset, whose target class is known.
a)
b) Data Transformation
c) Data Reduction
d) Clustering problem

37. is used when the target variable takes on continuous values.

a) Classification

c) Data Transformation
d) Data Reduction

38. are used to identify interesting and recurring associations between groups of
records of a dataset.
a) Supervised Learning
b) Unsupervised Learning

d) time series analysis

39. The term refers to a homogeneous subgroup existing within a population.

a) Continuous
b) Discrete
c) Nominal

40. In there are no predefined classes or reference examples indicating the target
class.

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a) classification
b) regression

d) discrete

41. Business intelligence systems and mathematical models for decision making can achieve
accurate and effective results only

b) when the output data are correct.

c) when the input data are in sequence.
d) when the input data are organized.

42. may prove unsatisfactory due to incompleteness, noise and inconsistency.

a) The quantity of input data

c) The error of input data

d) The number of input data

43. Data may contain erroneous or anomalous values, which are usually referred to as
.
a) noise
b)
c) risk
d) error

44. incomplete data one may adopt several techniques. Elimination, Inspection, Identification,
Substitution are techniques of .

b) Complete data
c) Raw data
d) Accurate data

45. The term refers to a random perturbation within the values of a numerical
attribute, usually resulting in noticeable anomalies.

b) outliers
c) risk
d) error

46. corresponds to shifting the decimal point by h positions toward the left.
a) rational scaling

c) normal scaling
d) z-index scaling

47. Transformations which used to generate new attributes that represent a set of additional
columns in the matrix X representing the dataset D are referred to as .

b) Feature selection
c) Feature scaling

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d) Feature grouping

48. , accuracy and simplicity of the models are three main criteria to determine
whether a data reduction technique should be used.
a) Order

c) Sequence
d) Purpose

49. The purpose of is to eliminate from the dataset a subset of variables which
are not deemed relevant for the purpose of the data mining activities.
a) Feature extraction.

c) Feature scaling
d) Feature grouping

50. Filter methods, wrapper methods and embedded methods are three main categories of
method.
a) Feature extraction.
b) Feature scaling
c) Feature grouping

Unit III

1. Business intelligence system provides tools and methodologies to knowledge workers

to help them to take .
a) Effective decision.
b) Timely decision

d) Efficient Decision.

2. is the outcome of extraction and processing activities carried out on data.

a) Knowledge

c) Data
d) Raw Data

3. The objective of B.I is

a) .
b) To support information gathering.
c) To support data collection.
d) To support data analysis.

4. Which of the following is not a component of business intelligence analysis cycle?

a) Analysis

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b) Insight
c) Decision

5. In BI Architecture, It is used to gather and integrate the data stored in various primary and
secondary sources.
a) Data Warehouse
b) Data mart

d) None of the above.

6. Extraction of information and knowledge from data is known as

b) Optimisation
c) Data exploration
d) Data mart

7. Following are the phases of Development of a business intelligence system.

a) Analysis and Design
b) Planning
c) Implementation and Control

8. Decision making process is of phases.

b) Five
c) Two
d) Six

9. Well defined and recurring decision-making procedure is called

b) Semi-structured
c) Operational
d) Unstructured

10. In approach, a decision maker considers economic, tactical legal, ethical,

procedural and political factors.
a) Absolute rationality approach
b) Bounded rationality approach

d) None of the above.

11. Which of the following is finally produced by Hierarchical Clustering?

a) final estimate of cluster centroids

c) assignment of each point to clusters

d) all the mentioned

12. Which of the following is required by K-means clustering?

a) defined distance metric

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b) number of clusters
c) initial guess as to cluster centroids

13. Point out the wrong statement.

a) k-means clustering is a method of vector quantization
b) k-means clustering aims to partition n observations into k clusters
c) s
d) none of the mentioned

14. Which of the following clustering requires merging approach?

a) Partitional

c) Naive Bayes
d) None of the mentioned

15. Which of the following gave rise to need of graphs in data analysis?
a) Data visualization
b) Communicating results
c) Decision making

16. Which of the following is characteristic of exploratory graph?

a) Made slowly
b) Axes are not cleaned up

d) All the mentioned

17. Which of the following information is not given by five-number summary?

a) Mean
b) Median

d) All the mentioned

18. Which of the following graph can be used for simple summarization of data?
a) Scatterplot
b) Overlaying

d) All the mentioned

19. Which of the following problem is solved by reproducibility?

a) Scalability

c) Improved data analysis

d) None of the mentioned

20. Classify variable which is not continuous.

a) age
b) height

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d) revenue of medical shop

21. are supervised learning methods for predicting the value of a categorical target
attribute.

b) Clustering
c) Regression
d) Customization

22. Neural Networks are methods of?

a) Regression
b) Clustering

d) Customization

23. The development of classification model consists of main phases: Training phase,
, Prediction phase.
a) Dividing Phase
b) Combining Phase

d) Sorting Phase

24. methods make use of classification methods based on simple and intuitive
algorithms.
a) Separation
b) Regression
c) Probabilistic

25. model is used for prediction of continuous target variables

a) Probabilistic

c) Separation
d) Heuristic

26. The method involves subdividing the m observations available into two disjoint
subsets.

b) Repeated random sampling

c) Cross validation
d) Confusion matrix

27. Decision tree initially starts with.

b) Leaf
c) Terminal
d) Branch

28. The purpose of clustering is the identification of homogenous groups called .

a) Records

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b) Pairs

d) Observations

29. develops a subdivision of given dataset into pre-determined number of non-empty

subsets.
a) s
b) Hierarchical methods
c) Density Based methods
d) Grid methods

30. Which of the following clustering type has characteristic shown in the below figure?
a) Partitional

c) Naive Bayes
d) None of the mentioned

31. Which of the following is required by K-means clustering?

a) defined distance metric
b) number of clusters
c) initial guess as to cluster centroids

32. k-means clustering is also referred to as

b) Optimizing partitioning
c) Divisive clustering
d) Agglomerative clustering

33. Which statement is not true about cluster analysis?

a) Objects in one cluster are similar to each other and dissimilar to objects in the
other clusters.
b) Cluster analysis is also called classification analysis or numerical taxonomy.
c) Groups or clusters are suggested by the data, not defined a priori.

34. Clustering is what type of learning?

a) Supervised

c) Semi-supervised
d) None of the above

35. Which method of analysis does not classify variables as dependent or independent?
a) regression analysis
b) discriminant analysis
c) analysis of variance

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36. In the K-means clustering algorithm the distance between cluster centroid to each object
is calculated using ..... method.
a) Cluster distance

c) Cluster width
d) None of above

37. Which of the following clustering algorithms suffers from the problem of convergence at
local optima?

b) Hierarchical clustering
c) Diverse clustering
d) All the above

38. A perceptron is:

b) an auto-associative neural network

c) a double layer auto-associative neural network
d) a neural network that contains feedback

39. Automated vehicle is an example of

b) Unsupervised learning
c) Active learning
d) Reinforcement learning

40. Classify variable which is not continuous.

a) age
b) height

d) revenue of medical shop

41. are supervised learning methods for predicting the value of a categorical target
attribute.

b) Clustering
c) Regression
d) Customization

42. Neural Networks are methods of?

a) Regression
b) Clustering
c)
d) Customization

43. The development of classification model consists of main phases: Training phase,
, Prediction phase.
a) Dividing Phase
b) Combining Phase

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d) Sorting Phase

44. methods make use of classification methods based on simple and intuitive
algorithms.
a) Separation
b) Regression
c) Probabilistic
d)

45. model is used for prediction of continuous target variables

a) Probabilistic

c) Separation
d) Heuristic

46. The method involves subdividing the m observations available into two disjoint
subsets.

b) Repeated random sampling

c) Cross validation
d) Confusion matrix

47. Decision tree initially starts with.

b) Leaf
c) Terminal
d) Branch

48. The purpose of clustering is the identification of homogenous groups called .

a) Records
b) Pairs

d) Observations

49. develops a subdivision of given dataset into pre-determined number of non-empty

subsets.

b) Hierarchical methods
c) Density Based methods
d) Grid methods

50. is also called as single linkage criterion.

b) Maximum Distance
c) Mean Distance
d) Distance between centroids

51. is also called as complete linkage criterion.

a) Minimum Distance

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c) Mean Distance
d) Distance between centroids

52. Agglomerative methods are techniques.

a) Top-Down
b) Left-Right
c) Right-Left

53. Divisive methods are techniques.

b) Left-Right
c) Right-Left
d) Bottom-Up

54. When data are classified according to a single characteristic, it is called:

a) Quantitative classification
b) Qualitative classification
c) Area classification

55. Cluster is

b) Operations on a database to transform or simplify data in order to prepare it

for a machine-learning algorithm
c) Symbolic representation of facts or ideas from which information can
potentially be extracted
d) None of these

56. Which of the following statements about Naive Bayes is incorrect?

a) Attributes are equally important.

c) Attributes are statistically independent of one another given the class value.
d) Attributes can be nominal or numeric

57. Suppose we would like to perform clustering on spatial data such as the geometrical
locations of houses. We wish to produce clusters of many different sizes and shapes.
Which of the following methods is the most appropriate?
a) Decision Trees

c) Model-based clustering
d) K-means clustering

58. Bayesian classifiers is

b) Any mechanism employed by a learning system to constrain the search space

of a hypothesis

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c) An approach to the design of learning algorithms that is inspired by the fact

that when people encounter new situations, they often explain them by
reference to familiar experiences, adapting the explanations to fit the new
situation.
d) None of these

59. Classification is

b) A measure of the accuracy, of the classification of a concept that is given by a

certain theory
c) The task of assigning a classification to a set of examples
d) None of these

60. Classification of data according to location or areas is called:

a) Qualitative classification
b) Quantitative classification

d) Chronological classification

61. In classification, the data are arranged according to:

a)
b) Differences
c) Percentages
d) Ratios

62. Which of the following curve analysis is conducted on each predictor for classification?
a) NOC
b)
c) COC
d) All the mentioned

Unit IV

1. Which of the following is not a component of Relational Marketing?

a) Organisation
b) BI and Data Mining
c) Technology

2. Which of the following is true?

b) Intensity of Relation is low for B2B

c) Intensity of Relation is high for B2C
d) Does not depend on whether it is B2B or B2C.

3. The aim of strategy is to initiate, strengthen, intensify and preserve over

time the relationships between a company and its stakeholders.
a) proportional marketing
b) business intelligence

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d) artificial marketing
4. The number of customers and their characteristics strongly influence of the
relationship with an enterprise.

b) the relative sequence

c) the cost effects
d) the behaviour

5. Which of the following is not included in Cycle of Relational Marketing Analysis?

a) Collecting information on Customers
b) Identifying their needs

d) Planning based on knowledge

6. Which of the following is not a stage in “Lifetime of a Customer”?

a) Acquisition
b) Cross/Up Selling
c) Retention

7. Which of the following is not part of Web Mining?

a) Content Mining
b) Structure Mining

d) Usage Mining

8. Which of the fallowing is False for Supply Chain?

a) It is network of connected and inter dependent organizational units
b) Strong Coordination is required
c) It improves flow of materials if it is effective

9. Which of the following is not an optimization model?

a) Extra Capacity

c) Backlogging
d) Multiple Plants

10. Planning, target selection, channel selection, content selection, campaign cycle,
optimization comes under campaigns.
a) Business campaigns

c) Sales campaigns
d) System campaigns

11. It is a managerial Policy whose purpose is to maximize profit through an optimal

balance between demand and supply.
e) Management insight
f) Economic System

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g) Sales System

12. CCR Model stands for:

b) Charley-Common-Rules
c) Challenging-Common-Rules
d) Cooper-Common-Rules

13. The expresses relationship between the Inputs utilized

and Outputs Produced:
a) Efficiency Function
b) Effective Frontier

d) Effective Fact

14. One of the main difficulties in loyalty analysis is

a) understanding concept

c) relocating market
d) communication

15. The term cross-selling refers to

a) the attempt to change the idea of product
b) the attempt to order something

d) sell product to another customer

16. The term up-selling refers to

b) complaining about lower version product

c) selling second-hand products
d) making good feedback of customer

17. The purpose of market basket analysis is

a) to gain invoice

c) to provide services to customer

d) to gain negative feedback

18. Which methods can be traced back to data mining problems?

b) Shell mining
c) Web mining
d) Scrap mining

19. Content mining include

a) Static links
b) Dynamic links

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d) User Profile

20. The database provides access to data on customers’ contacts with the call
center.
a) log center

c) address center
d) sequence center

21. analysis is mostly concerned with clickstreams – the sequences of pages

visited during a given session.

b. Image mining
c. Web mining
d. Data mining

22. The term is generally taken to mean the whole set of people and roles that
are involved.
a. Response management

c. Assessment
d. Formulation

23. Designing a sales territory means .

a. grouping customers and assigning agent

c. Coupling customers to an agent

d. Measuring distances

24. The purpose of assessment and control activities is

a) to control customers
b) to measure geographical distance
c) to minimize weighted sum

25. play a key role in the formulation of models for designing and planning a
sales network.

b) Ready function
c) Sales function
d) Network function

26. design involves allocating sales coverage units to individual agents to

minimize a weighted sum of two terms
a) System Design

c) Minimum territory
d) Integrated design

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27. The major purpose of an integrated logistic process is

b) to maximize a total cost function

c) to combine cost function
d) none of above

28. In relational marketing the first step is the of the data available for each
customer.

b) Explanation
c) Management
d) Combination

29. The aim of the integrated planning and operations of the supply chain is

b) to group customer
c) to combine and evaluate from a customer
d) to combine and evaluate from a proportional approach

30. The term refers to the possibility that a portion of the demand due in a
given period may be satisfied in a subsequent period, incurring an additional penalty
cost.

b) Salesforce
c) System Design
d) Frontier

31. is a managerial policy whose purpose is to maximize profits through

an optimal balance between demand and supply.
a) Salesforce management
b) Data management

d) Profit management

32. For what purpose does Revenue management involve the application of mathematical
models?

b) to predict the customer age

c) to predict the behaviour of customers at a first level
d) to make financial models

33. The purpose of revenue management is

a) to minimize profits

c) to generate risk
d) to make report

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34. The purpose of data envelopment analysis (DEA) is

a) to measure the effectiveness and efficiency of individuals
b) to predict the behaviour of customers at a first level

d) to minimize a total cost function

35. Data envelopment analysis relies on

b) decision indicator
c) performance
d) making units

36. In data envelopment analysis the units being compared are called
a) Profit making units (PMUs)

c) Cost-making units (CMUs)

d) Performance making units (PMUs)

37. The expresses the relationship between the inputs utilized and the outputs
produced.
a) Backward frontier

c) Backlog
d) productivity indicator

38. Data envelopment analysis identifies for each inefficient unit a set of excellent units,
called .

b) Network group
c) Customer group
d) Organizational group

39. The analysis of _provides information on the nature of the weights system.
a) productivity indicator
b) Organizational group

d) Peer group

40. provide information on the relative importance that each unit attributes to
each individual input and output.
a) customer relationship management

c) Decision-making units (DMUs)

d) Cost-making units (CMUs)

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41. is used to separate the units that are really efficient from those whose
efficiency score is more.
a) cross-efficiency
b) Backlog
c) performance

42. CRM is
a) customer retention manager
b) customer reseller management

d) customer regression management

43. involves the analysis of the content of web pages to extract useful
information.
a) Usage mining
b) Image mining
c) Web mining

44. The area between the efficient frontier and the positive horizontal semi-axis is called
.

b) customer relationship management

c) Efficient frontier
d) Backlog

45. are given by the product of the outputs of the unit and the associated optimal
weights.

b) virtual inputs
c) virtual cost
d) virtual path

46. The is a critical channel for the communication and promotion of a

company’s image.

b) Virtual
c) Big data
d) Server

47. is a matter of working out the optimal number of agents that should
operate within the selected structure.
a) Sales scaling

c) Sales management
d) Sales cost

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Unit V

1. Which among these are the key stages for managing organisational transformation

b) Manage the future

c) Both
d) None of the above

2. represent how you increase the ability of individuals within the organisations to
influence others with the knowledge.

b) Processes
c) Technology
d) Culture

3. It addresses how you choose, configure and utilise tools and automation to enable
knowledge management.
a) People
b) Processes

d) Culture

4. It directs how you transform organizational structures to facilitate and encourage

cross discipline [Link] and expertise.
a) Binding
b) Context

d) Association

5. Characteristics of expert systems

b) Demonstrating
c) Advising
d) Diagnosing

6. Capabilities of expert systems.

a) Reliable

c) High Responsive
d) Understandable

7. In-capabilities of expert systems.

a) Advising
b) Diagnosing
c) Interpreting input

8. Strategy followed for finding cause or reasons.

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b) Forward Chaining
c) Facts
d) Decisions

9. Strategy followed for working on conclusion, results or effects.

a) Backward Chaining

c) Facts
d) Decisions

10. Levels in ES technology

b) Design
c) Both
d) None

11. Knowledge Management Activity aims at

a) Total turning test
b) The rational agent approaches

d) Thinking humanly

12. The challenges faced by Knowledge Management System are

a) Psychology

c) Control theory and cybernetics

d) Computer Engineering

13. Which of the following is not a Capabilities of Expert Systems?

a) Advising
b) Demonstrating
c) Explaining

14. What is the form of Knowledge representation?

a) IF-THEN

c) IF-ELSE
d) ELSE

15. Which of the following is not a benefit of Expert Systems?

a) Availability
b) Speed

d) Less Error Rate

16. Which is the key area in which Knowledge Management is applied

a) Technological Advances
b) Inference Engine

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c) Globalization of Business
d) a & c

17. The advantage of AI over Natural Intelligence are

a) Fabulous speed
b) Less baised
c) Error prone

18. Data, information, and past experience combined together are termed as .
a) Inference
b) Acquisition
c) vision

19. A is nothing but an expert system without knowledge base.

a) Tools
b) Expert System

d) knowledge

20. What kind of signal is used in speech recognition?

a) Electromagnetic signal
b) Electric signal

d) Radar

21. Which one of the following is not a type of Knowledge?

a) Declarative Knowledge
b) Procedural Knowledge
c) Tactic Knowledge

22. KDD Stands for:

a) Knowledge Discovery Data

c) Knowledge Database Discovery

d) Knowledge Data Discovery

23. Who introduced the term “Artificial Intelligence”?

a) Arthur Samule
b) Marvin Lee Minsky

d) E. F. Codd

24. In which of the following steps of expert system development, the knowledge should
be represented in IF-THEN-ELSE rules form?
a) System Design
b) Expert System Development and Completion
c) Prototype Development

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d) Problem Domain Identification

25. Forward Chaining Strategy is used by to recommend a solution.

a) Inference Engine
b) Knowledge Engine
c) Expert Engine
d) Forward Engine

26. is required to exhibit intelligence.

a) Data
b) Knowledge
c) Information
d) High-quality data

27. Which of the following is not a component of ES?

a) Knowledge Base
b) Inference Engine
c) User Interface

28. Human use content memory and thinking whereas, robots are using the , designed
by scientists.
a) Knowledge
b) Data

d) High Level Information

29. Knowledge is resource.

a) Replaceable
b) Draining
c) Exhaustible
d) Depleting

30. Who is the person who is responsible for making knowledge management effort in
an organization.
a) CIO
b) CEO

d) CKE

31. First basic step for knowledge management process is

a) summarizing information

c) Data analysis
d) Data classification

32. Following step is not involved in knowledge management process

a) Decision making
b) Information Analysing

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d) Synthesizing

33. Who is not involved in organizational transformation?

a) People
b) process
c) technology

34. Artificial intelligence is a study and design of

a) operations research

c) neuroscience
d) control theory

35. Expert systems are capable of

b) refining their own knowledge

c) possessing human capabilities
d) substituting human

36. Knowledge consist of

a) Data and Information only
b) past experience and data only

d) only past experience

37. Knowledge engineers acquire information from subject expert by

a) recording
b) interviewing
c) observing his/her work

38. Forward and Backward chaining are the strategies of

a) Inference Engine
b) Knowledge management process
c) Data mining process
d) Effective communication process

39. The components of Expert system include

a) knowledge base

c) user interface
d) all of above

40. knowledge management process has basic steps

a) 4

c) 8
d) 7

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41. Gathered information in knowledge management is organised, stored, shared and

using defined techniques.
a) Collected

c) Planned
d) Minimized

42. Knowledge Management process has basically six steps, they are collecting, organizing,
summarizing, analysing, synthesizing and of data.

b) Knowledge processing
c) Planning
d) Arranging

43. In data collection procedure of knowledge management process, certain data collection
points define the of certain routine reports.
a) Idea
b) Knowledge
c) Data

44. Lengthy information is presented in or graphical format and stored in appropriate

form in summarizing step of knowledge management process.
a) unorganised

c) sequential
d) unstructured

45. In decision making step of Knowledge Management process the is used for decision
making.
a) Data

c) Information
d) Metadata

46. People are ultimately the of knowledge.

a) Storage
b) Gainer

d) Acquire

47. Learning organisation is an organisation characterised by a deep commitment to learning

and with the intention of continuous improvement.
a) Education
b) Understanding
c) Training
d) Improving

48. The three key stages for managing organisational transformation for critical success factor
are break with the past, managing the past and .

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a) Invest in present

c) Managing the present

d) Outlining the future

49. is a way of making a computer, a computer-controlled robot, or a software think

intelligently, in the similar manner the intelligent humans think.
a) Machine Intelligence

c) Linguistic Intelligence
d) Naturalistic Intelligence

50. are one of the prominent research domains of Artificial Intelligence.

a) Knowledge Management Systems
b) Data driven Systems

d) Cognitive Systems

51. Data, information and past experience combined together are termed as .
a) Intelligence

c) Expert systems
d) Data driven systems

52. is a strategy of an expert system to answer the question, “What can happen next?”

b) Backward Chaining
c) Total Task Chaining
d) Backward Reasoning

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BI Unit I
Unit I Syllabus

Business intelligence​:

Effective and timely decisions, Data, information and knowledge, The role of mathematical
models, Business intelligence architectures, Ethics and business intelligence

Decision support systems​:

Definition of system, Representation of the decision-making process, Evolution of

information systems, Definition of decision support system, Development of a decision
support system

-----

1. Business intelligence system provides tools and methodologies to knowledge

workers to help them to take______.

A.​ ​Effective decision.

B.​ ​Timely decision

C.​ ​Both 1 and 2.

D.​ ​Efficient Decision.

Ans: 3

2. _________ is the outcome of extraction and processing activities carried out on

data.

A.​ ​Knowledge

B.​ ​Information

C.​ ​Data

D.​ ​Raw Data

Ans: 2

3. The objective of B.I is

A.​ ​To support decision-making and complex problem solving.

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B.​ ​To support information gathering.

C.​ ​To support data collection.

D.​ ​To support data analysis.

Ans: A

4. Which of the following is not a component of business intelligence analysis cycle?

A.​ ​Analysis

B.​ ​Insight

C.​ ​Decision

D.​ ​Design

Ans: D

5. In BI Architecture, It is used to gather and integrate the data stored in various

primary and secondary sources.

A.​ ​Data Warehouse

B.​ ​Data mart

C.​ ​Data Sources

D.​ ​None of the above.

Ans: C

6. Extraction of information and knowledge from data is known as

A.​ ​Data mining

B.​ ​Optimisation

C.​ ​Data exploration

D.​ ​Data mart

Ans: A

7. Following are the phases of Development of a business intelligence system.

A.​ ​Analysis and Design

B.​ ​Planning

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C.​ ​Implementation and Control

D.​ ​All of the above

Ans: D

8. Decision making process is of ____________ phases.

A.​ ​Three

B.​ ​Five

C.​ ​Two

D.​ ​Six

Ans: B

9. Well defined and recurring decision making procedure is called

A.​ ​Structured

B.​ ​Semi-structured

C.​ ​Operational

D.​ ​Unstructured

Ans: A

10. In ____________ approach, a decision maker considers economic, tactical legal,

ethical, procedural and political factors.

A.​ ​Absolute rationality approach

B.​ ​Bounded rationality approach

C.​ ​Rational approach

D.​ ​None of the above.

Ans: C

---

Q1. a) Data mart is a subset of data warehouse.

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b) Data marts contain repositories of summarized data collected for

analysis on a specific section or unit within an organization.

a) Only a is correct

b) Only b is correct

c)Both are correct

d)Both are wrong.

Ans: c

Q2. ________is the outcome of extraction and processing activities carried out
on data.

a) Data

b) Information

c) Knowledge

d) Wisdom

Ans: b

Q3. In ETL ‘E’ stands for

a) External

b) Extraction

c) Extreme

d) None of the above

Ans: b

Q4. DSS stands for:

a) Decision Support System.

b) Definition support System.

c) Data sub system

d) Data storage system.

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Ans: a

Q5. ________represent the real problem situations.

a) Data

b) Models

c) Tools

d) Information

Ans: a

Q6. During the _________ phase, additional data conversion occurs to

performed to obtain the summaries that will reduce the response time.

a) Loading.

b) Extraction.

c) Transformation

d) Performance Evaluation.

Ans: c

Q7. Optimization is:

a) Determine the best solution.

b) Successful marketing approaches to achieve the optimum outcome.

c) Getting the greatest return for the least expenditure of time, effort,
manpower.

d) All the above.

Ans: d

Q8. (a)A decision support system helps in decision making but does not
necessarily give a decision itself.

(b) decision support system is a computer-based application that collects

organizes and analyses business data to facilitate quality business decision
making for management, operations, and planning.

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a) only a is correct.

b) only b is correct

c) both are correct.

d) both are wrong.

Ans: c

Q9. ___________measurements express the level of conformity of a given

system to the objectives for which it was designed.

a) Effectiveness

b) Efficiency

c) Evaluation

d) Feedback

Ans: a

Q10. ___________is the first stage in developing in decision support system.

a) Analysis

b) Design

c) Knowledge Acquisition

d) Planning

Ans: c

Submitted By: Megha Sharma.

--

[Link] by itself is not useful unless

A. It is massive

B. It is processed to obtain information

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C. It is collected from diverse sources

D. It is properly stated

ANSWER: B

12.​Decision support systems are used for

A. Management decision making

B. Providing tactical information to management

C. Providing strategic information to management

D. Better operation of an organization

ANSWER: C

13.​.
Business intelligence (BI) is a broad category of application programs
which includes :

A. Decision support

B. Data mining

C. OLAP

D. All of the mentioned

ANSWER: D

[Link] support systems are used by

A. Line managers.

B. Top-level managers.

C. Middle level managers.

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D. System users

ANSWER: B

[Link] of following is not phase of decision making process

A. Design

B. Analysis

C. Intelligence

D. Choice

ANSWER:B

16.___________is a broad category of applications and technologies for

gathering, storing, analyzing, and providing access to data to help
enterprise users make better business decisions.

A. best practice

B. data mart

C. business information warehouse

D. business intelligence

ANSWER: D

[Link] have hierarchical structures because

A. it is convenient to do so

B. it is done by every organization

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C. specific responsibilities can be assigned for each level

D. it provides opportunities for promotions

ANSWER: C

[Link] information is needed for

A. Day to day operations

B. Meet government requirements

C. Long range planning

D. Short range planning

ANSWER: C

[Link] support systems are essential for

A. Day–to-day operation of an organization.

B. Providing statutory information.

C. Top level strategic decision making.

D. Ensuring that organizations are profitable.

ANSWER: C

[Link] information system are most successful in providing

information for:

A. Control decisions

B. Planning decision

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C. Strategic decision

D. None of the above

ANSWER: A

By Priyanka, Pillai HOC college

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BI Unit II
Use the following format

Topic Name

Q. Type our question here

1.
2.
3.
4.
Correct answer
---
Paste Your questions here (Questions from Reference books)

Unit II Syllabus

Mathematical models for decision making:

Structure of mathematical models, Development of a model, Classes of models

Data mining: ​Definition of data mining, Representation of input data , Data mining process,
Analysis methodologies

Data preparation:​ Data validation, Data transformation, Data reduction

----

Topic : ​Mathematical models for decision making, Data Mining and Data Preparation

Q. 1 What is a model ?

A. a selective abstraction of real world

B. a selective imagination of 1st world
C. a selective proposal of real world
D. a selective example of second word

Correct answer: A

Q. 2 A material representation of a real system, whose behaviour is imitated for the

the purpose of the analysis is called as ?

A. Analogical Model

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B. Iconic Model
C. Symbolic Model
D. Static Model

Correct answer: B

Q. 3 In which model some input information represents random events characterized

by a probability distribution?

A. Stochastic
B. Iconic
C. Symbolic
D. Static

Correct answer: A

Q.4 What is allowed by Sensitivity and Scenario analyses be assessed ?

A. the robustness of optimal decisions from variations in the input parameters.

B. the robustness of optimal decisions to variations into input parameters.
C. the robustness of optimal decisions to variations in the input data.
D. the robustness of optimal decisions to variations in the input parameters.
Correct answer: D

Q. 5 Which model observes the status of a system only at the beginning or at the end
of discrete intervals ?

A. Discrete-time dynamic models

B. Static-time dynamic models
C. Symbolic -time dynamic models
D. Iconic-time dynamic models
Correct answer: A

Q. 6 The purpose of explanatory models is to functionally identify a possible

relationship between a dependent variable and ___________________ ?
A. a set of positive attributes
B. a set of negative attributes

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C. a set of neutral attributes

D. a set of independent attributes

Correct answer: D

Q. 7 Which is one of the primary objective of mathematical models ?

A. to identify regular patterns in the data

B. to identify irregular patterns in the data
C. to identify negative patterns in the data
D. to identify neutral patterns in the data

Correct answer: A

Q.8 The conceptual paradigm outlined determines a wide and popular class of
mathematical models for decision making, represented by _________models

A. optimization models
B. stochastic models
C. supervised models
D. iconic models
E.
Correct answer: A

Q.9 What is the aim of Data Mining?

A. extracting information and knowledge

B. useful for knowledge workers in decision making
C. extracting raw data
D. Both A & B

Correct answer: D

Q.10 On which learning methods the Data Mining method is based?

A. inductive learning methods

B. deductive learning methods
C. basic learning methods

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D. comprehensive learning methods

Correct answer: A

Q.11 What is the purpose of Interpretation?

A. to identify regular patterns in the data

B. to express the rules and criteria for easy understanding
C. to identify irregular patterns in the data
D. Both A & B

Correct answer: D

Q.12 Classification Trees or Association Rules are also called as?

A. machine learning
B. knowledge discovery in databases
C. deep learning
D. A&B

Correct answer: D

---
By ArchanaPatil
Which is the last Phases of mathematical models for decision making

(a) Problem Identification

(b) Implementation and Testing
(c) Model Formation
(d) Development of Algorithm

Answer b
Which mathematical model aims at understand the mechanisms that regulate the
development of intelligence, ability to extract knowledge from past experience in order to
apply it in the future.

a. Risk analysis models

b. Optimization models
c. Pattern recognition Models
d. Waiting line models

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Answer C
In which Mathematical mode the decision maker is required to choose among a number of
available alternatives

a. Risk analysis models

b. Optimization models
c. Pattern recognition Models
d. Waiting line models

Answer A
Which of the statement is not true about Data Mining?

a) The term data mining refer to the overall process consisting of data gathering and
analysis, development of inductive learning models and adoption of practical decisions and
consequent actions based on the knowledge acquired.
b) Data mining analysis is to draw a fresh conclusion without investigating the past data,
observations and interpretations
c) Data mining activities can be subdivided into two major investigation streams,
interpretation and prediction.
d) The data mining process is based on inductive learning methods

Answer b
Which is not the Phase of data Mining Process

A. Data Gathering
B. Selection of Attributes
C. Prediction and interpretation
D. Data Discarding

Answer D

Data Inception Means

(a) inspection of each missing value

(b) identify missing values
(c) replacement of missing Data
(d) discard all records

Answer a
Data Elimination Means

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(a) inspection of each missing value

(b) identify missing values
(c) replacement of missing Data
(d) discard all records

Answer d
Data mining activities can be subdivided into two major investigation streams , which are
a. Interpretation and Sampling
b. Interpretation and Prediction.
c. Forecast and Prediction
d. Forecast and Interpretation

Answer b.
Which is the Application of Data Miming

a. Fraud Detection
b. Risk Analysis
c. Both a & b
d. Only b

Answer C
____________ learning analyses are not guided by a target attribute.
a. Supervised
b. Guided
c. Unguided
d. Unsupervised

Answer d
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BI Unit III
Use the following format

Topic Name

Q. Type our question here

1.
2.
3.
4.

Correct answer

---
Paste Your questions here (Questions from Reference books)

Unit III Syllabus

Classification:
Classification problems, Evaluation of classification models, Bayesian methods, Logistic
regression, Neural networks, Support vector machines
Clustering:
Clustering methods, Partition methods, Hierarchical methods, Evaluation of clustering
models
----

Topic :
By Sarojini
Business intelligence system provides tools and methodologies to knowledge workers to
help them to take______.
A. Effective decision.
B. Timely decision
C. Both 1 and 2.
D. Efficient Decision.
Ans: 3
_________ is the outcome of extraction and processing activities carried out on data.
A. Knowledge
B. Information
C. Data
D. Raw Data
Ans: 2
The objective of B.I is
A. To support decision-making and complex problem solving.
B. To support information gathering.

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C. To support data collection.

D. To support data analysis.
Ans: A
Which of the following is not a component of business intelligence analysis cycle?
A. Analysis
B. Insight
C. Decision
D. Design
Ans: D
In BI Architecture, It is used to gather and integrate the data stored in various primary and
secondary sources.
A. Data Warehouse
B. Data mart
C. Data Sources
D. None of the above.
Ans: C
Extraction of information and knowledge from data is known as
A. Data mining
B. Optimisation
C. Data exploration
D. Data mart
Ans: A
Following are the phases of Development of a business intelligence system.
A. Analysis and Design
B. Planning
C. Implementation and Control
D. All of the above
Ans: D
Decision making process is of ____________ phases.
A. Three
B. Five
C. Two
D. Six
Ans: B
Well defined and recurring decision making procedure is called
A. Structured
B. Semi-structured
C. Operational
D. Unstructured
Ans: A
In ____________ approach, a decision maker considers economic, tactical legal, ethical,
procedural and political factors.
A. Absolute rationality approach
B. Bounded rationality approach
C. Rational approach
D. None of the above.

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Ans: C

--

1. Which of the following is finally produced by Hierarchical Clustering?

a) final estimate of cluster centroids

b) tree showing how close things are to each other

c) assignment of each point to clusters

d) all of the mentioned

Answer: b

Explanation: Hierarchical clustering is an agglomerative approach.

2. Which of the following is required by K-means clustering?

a) defined distance metric

b) number of clusters

c) initial guess as to cluster centroids

d) all of the mentioned

Answer: d

Explanation: K-means clustering follows partitioning approach.

3. Point out the wrong statement.

a) k-means clustering is a method of vector quantization

b) k-means clustering aims to partition n observations into k clusters

c) k-nearest neighbor is same as k-means

d) none of the mentioned

Answer: c

Explanation: k-nearest neighbor has nothing to do with k-means.

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4. Which of the following function is used for k-means clustering?

a) k-means

b) k-mean

c) heatmap

d) none of the mentioned

Answer: a

Explanation: K-means requires a number of clusters.

5. Which of the following clustering requires merging approach?

a) Partitional

b) Hierarchical

c) Naive Bayes

d) None of the mentioned

Answer: b

Explanation: Hierarchical clustering requires a defined distance as well.

6. Which of the following gave rise to need of graphs in data analysis?

a) Data visualization

b) Communicating results

c) Decision making

d) All of the mentioned

Answer: d

Explanation: A picture can tell better story than data.

7. Which of the following is characteristic of exploratory graph?

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a) Made slowly

b) Axes are not cleaned up

c) Color is used for personal information

d) All of the mentioned

Answer: c

Explanation: A large number of exploratory graphs are made.

8. Which of the following information is not given by five-number summary?

a) Mean

b) Median

c) Mode

d) All of the mentioned

Answer: c

Explanation: The mode is the value that appears most often in a set of data.

9. Which of the following graph can be used for simple summarization of data?

a) Scatterplot

b) Overlaying

c) Barplot

d) All of the mentioned

Answer: c

Explanation: A

bar chart or bar graph is a chart that presents Grouped data with rectangular bars with lengths
proportional to the values that they represent.

10. Which of the following problem is solved by reproducibility?

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a) Scalability

b) Data availability

c) Improved data analysis

d) None of the mentioned

Answer: b

Explanation: More transparency is achieved with reproducibility.

---
Questions
Classify variable which is not continuous.
a. age
b. height
c. gender
d. revenue of medical shop

______ are supervised learning methods for predicting the value of a categorical target
attribute.

a) Classification
b) Clustering
c) Regression
d) Customization

Neural Networks are methods of ?

a) Regression
b) Clustering
c) Classification
d) Customization

The development of classification model consists of main phases: Training phase,

______,Prediction phase.

a) Dividing Phase
b) Combining Phase
c) Testing Phase
d) Sorting Phase

______ methods make use of classification methods based on simple and intuitive
algorithms.

a) Separation

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b) Regression
c) Probabilistic
d) Heuristic
______ model is used for prediction of continuous target variables

a) Probabilistic
b) Regression
c) Separation
d) Heuristic
The ______ method involves subdividing the m observations available into two disjoint
subsets.
a) Holdout
b) Repeated random sampling
c) Cross validation
d) Confusion matrix

Decision tree initially starts with ?

a) Root
b) Leaf
c) Terminal
d) Branch
The purpose of clustering is the identification of homogenous groups called ______.

a) Records
b) Pairs
c) Clusters
d) Observations

______ develops a subdivision of given dataset into pre-determined number of non-empty

subsets.

a) Partition methods
b) Hierarchical methods
c) Density Based methods
d) Grid methods

______ is also called as single linkage criterion.

a) Minimum Distance
b) Maximum Distance
c) Mean Distance
d) Distance between centroids

1. ______ is also called as complete linkage criterion.

a) Minimum Distance

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b) Maximum Distance
c) Mean Distance
d) Distance between centroids

Agglomerative methods are ______ techniques.

a) Top-Down
b) Left-Right
c) Right-Left
d) Bottom-Up

Divisive methods are ______ techniques.

a) Top-Down
b) Left-Right
c) Right-Left
d) Bottom-Up

---
By Sadaf
Which of the following clustering type has characteristic shown in the below figure?

a) Partitional
b) Hierarchical
c) Naive bayes
d) None of the mentioned
Answer: b
Which of the following is required by K-means clustering?
a) defined distance metric
b) number of clusters
c) initial guess as to cluster centroids
d) all of the mentioned
Answer: d

k-means clustering is also referred to as

a. Non-hierarchical clustering
b. Optimizing partitioning
c. Divisive clustering

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d. Agglomerative clustering
Answer: a

Which statement is not true about cluster analysis?

a. Objects in one cluster are similar to each other and dissimilar to objects in the other
clusters.
b. Cluster analysis is also called classification analysis or numerical taxonomy.
c. Groups or clusters are suggested by the data, not defined a priori.
d. Cluster analysis is a technique for analysing data when the criterion or dependent variable
is categorical and the independent variables are interval in nature.
Answer: d

Clustering is what type of learning?

a. Supervised
b. Unsupervised
c. Semi-supervised
d. None of the above
Answer: b

Which method of analysis does not classify variables as dependent or independent?

a. regression analysis
b. discriminant analysis
c. analysis of variance
d. cluster analysis
Answer: d

In the K-means clustering algorithm the distance between cluster centroid to each object is
calculated using ....method.
a. Cluster distance
b. Euclidean distance
c. Cluster width
d. None of above
Answer: b

Which of the following clustering algorithms suffers from the problem of convergence at local
optima?
a. K- Means clustering
b. Hierarchical clustering
c. Diverse clustering
d. All of the above
Answer: d

A perceptron is:
a) a single layer feed-forward neural network with pre-processing
b) an auto-associative neural network
c) a double layer auto-associative neural network

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d) a neural network that contains feedback

Answer: a
Automated vehicle is an example of
a) Supervised learning
b) Unsupervised learning
c) Active learning
d) Reinforcement learning
Answer: a
---
Questions Answers
Classify variable which is not continuous.
a. age
b. height
c. gender
d. revenue of medical shop
Ans : c

______ are supervised learning methods for predicting the value of a categorical target
attribute.

a) Classification
b) Clustering
c) Regression
d) Customization A

Neural Networks are methods of ?

a) Regression
b) Clustering
c) Classification
d) Customization C

The development of classification model consists of main phases: Training phase,

______,Prediction phase.

a) Dividing Phase
b) Combining Phase
c) Testing Phase
d) Sorting Phase
c
______ methods make use of classification methods based on simple and intuitive
algorithms.

a) Separation
b) Regression
c) Probabilistic

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d) Heuristic D
______ model is used for prediction of continuous target variables

a) Probabilistic
b) Regression
c) Separation
d) Heuristic b
The ______ method involves subdividing the m observations available into two disjoint
subsets.
a) Holdout
b) Repeated random sampling
c) Cross validation
d) Confusion matrix
A
Decision tree initially starts with ?
a) Root
b) Leaf
c) Terminal
d) Branch A
The purpose of clustering is the identification of homogenous groups called ______.

a) Records
b) Pairs
c) Clusters
d) Observations
c
______ develops a subdivision of given dataset into pre-determined number of non-empty
subsets.

a) Partition methods
b) Hierarchical methods
c) Density Based methods
d) Grid methods
A
______ is also called as single linkage criterion.

a) Minimum Distance
b) Maximum Distance
c) Mean Distance
d) Distance between centroids
A
1. ______ is also called as complete linkage criterion.

a) Minimum Distance
b) Maximum Distance
c) Mean Distance

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d) Distance between centroids

B
Agglomerative methods are ______ techniques.

a) Top-Down
b) Left-Right
c) Right-Left
d) Bottom-Up
d
Divisive methods are ______ techniques.

a) Top-Down
b) Left-Right
c) Right-Left
d) Bottom-Up
a
----
When data are classified according to a single characteristic, it is called:
(a) Quantitative classification (b) Qualitative classification
(c) Area classification (d) Simple classification
Answer d
Cluster is

A.
Group of similar objects that differ significantly from other objects
B.
Operations on a database to transform or simplify data in order to prepare it for a
machine-learning algorithm
C.
Symbolic representation of facts or ideas from which information can potentially be extracted
D.
None of these
Answer A
Which of the following statements about Naive Bayes is incorrect?

a) Attributes are equally important.

b) Attributes are statistically dependent of one another given the class value.

c) Attributes are statistically independent of one another given the class value.

d) Attributes can be nominal or numeric

Answer B

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Suppose we would like to perform clustering on spatial data such as the geometrical
locations of houses. We wish to produce clusters of many different sizes and shapes. Which
of the following methods is the most appropriate?

a) Decision Trees b) Density-based clustering

c) Model-based clustering d) K-means clustering

Answer b
Bayesian classifiers is

A.)
A class of learning algorithm that tries to find an optimum classification of a set of examples
using the probabilistic theory.
B.)
Any mechanism employed by a learning system to constrain the search space of a
hypothesis
C.)
An approach to the design of learning algorithms that is inspired by the fact that when people
encounter new situations, they often explain them by reference to familiar experiences,
adapting the explanations to fit the new situation.
D.)
None of these
Answe A
Classification is

A.) A subdivision of a set of examples into a number of classes

B.)A measure of the accuracy, of the classification of a concept that is given by a certain
theory
C.)The task of assigning a classification to a set of examples
D.)None of these
Answer A
Classification of data according to location or areas is called:
(a) Qualitative classification (b) Quantitative classification
(c) Geographical classification (d) Chronological classification
Answer c
In classification, the data are arranged according to:
(a) Similarities (b) Differences
(c) Percentages (d) Ratios

Answer a
Which of the following curve analysis is conducted on each predictor for classification?
a) NOC b) ROC
c) COC d) All of the mentioned

Answer b

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What is formed by K-means Algorithum

a) Line b) cluster
c) Patches d) Systems
Answer c
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BI Unit IV

Use the following format

Topic Name

Q. Type our question here

1.
2.
3.
4.

Correct answer

---
Paste Your questions here (Questions from Reference books)

Unit IV Syllabus

Business intelligence applications

Marketing models:
Relational marketing, Sales force management
Logistic and production models:
Supply chain optimization, Optimization models for logistics planning, Revenue management
systems.
Data envelopment analysis:
Efficiency measures, Efficient frontier, The CCR model, Identification of good operating
practices
---
Topic :

Question
Which of the following is not a component of Relational Marketing
a. Organisation b. BI and Data Mining
c. Technology d. Fund
Which of the following is true:
a. Intensity of Relation is low for B2C
b. Intensity of Relation is low for B2B
c. Intensity of Relation is high for B2C
d. Does not depend on whether it is B2B or B2C.
Which of the following is not included in Cycle of Relational Marketing Analysis:

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a. Collecting information on Customers

b. Identifying their needs
c. Paying them
d. Planning based on knowledge
Which of the following is not a stage in “Lifetime of a Customer”
a. Acquisition
b. Cross/Up Selling
c. Retention
d. Bargaining
Which of the following is not part of Web Mining:
a. Content Mining
b. Structure Mining
c. Database Mining
d. Usage Mining
Which of the fallowing is False for Supply Chain
a. It is network of connected and inter dependent organizational units
b. Strong Coordination is required
c. It improves flow of materials if it is effective
d. Suppliers are given priority
Which of the following is not an optimization model?
a. Extra Capacity
b. Maximum Fixed Cost
c. Backlogging
d. Multiple Plants
It is a managerial Policy whose purpose is to maximize profit through an optimal balance
between demand and supply.
a. Management insight
b. Economic System
c. Sales System
d. Revenue Management System
CCR Model stands for:
a. Charnes-Cooper-Rhodes
b. Charley-Common-Rules
c. Challenging-Common-Rules
d. Cooper-Common-Rules
The __________________________ expresses relationship between the Inputs utilized and
Outputs Produced:
a. Efficiency Function
b. Effective Frontier
c. Efficient Frontier
d. Effective Fact

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BIUnit V

Use the following format

Topic Name

Q. which one of the following is not a type of Knowledge

1. Declarative Knowledge
2.
3.
4.

Correct answer

---
Paste Your questions here (Questions from Reference books)

Unit V Syllabus
Knowledge Management:
Introduction to Knowledge Management, Organizational Learning and Transformation,
Knowledge Management Activities, Approaches to Knowledge Management, Information
Technology (IT) In Knowledge Management, Knowledge Management Systems
Implementation, Roles of People in Knowledge Management
Artificial Intelligence and Expert Systems:
Concepts and Definitions of Artificial Intelligence, Artificial Intelligence Versus Natural
Intelligence, Basic Concepts of Expert Systems, Applications of Expert Systems, Structure of
Expert Systems, Knowledge Engineering, Development of Expert Systems

---

Topic :

BI
UNIT V

Q1. ​Which among these are the key stages for managing organisational transformation
a)​ ​Break with the past
b)​ ​Manage the future
c)​ ​Both
d)​ ​None of the above
Ans: a

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Q2. ​_______ represent how you increase the ability of individuals within the
organisations to influence others with the knowledge.
a)​ ​People
b)​ ​Processes
c)​ ​Technology
d)​ ​Culture
Ans: a

Q3. It addresses how you choose, configure and utilise tools and automation to enable
knowledge management.
a)​ ​People
b)​ ​Processes
c)​ ​Technology
d)​ ​Culture
Ans: c

Q4. It directs how you transform organizational structures to facilitate and encourage
cross discipline awareness and expertise.
a)​ ​Binding
b)​ ​Context
c)​ ​Structure
d)​ ​Association
Ans: c

Q5. Characteristics of expert systems

a)High Performance
b)Demonstrating
c)Advising
d)Diagnosing
Ans: a

Q6. Capabilities of expert systems.

a) Reliable
b) Demonstrating
c) High Responsive
d) Understandable
Ans: b

Q7. In-capabilities of expert systems.

a) Advising
b) Diagnosing
c) Interpreting input

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d) Refining their own knowledge

Ans: d

Q8. Strategy followed for finding cause or reasons.

a)​ ​Backward Chaining
b)​ ​Forward Chaining
c)​ ​Facts
d)​ ​Decisions
Ans: a

Q9. Strategy followed for working on conclusion, results or effects.

e)​ ​Backward Chaining
f)​ ​Forward Chaining
g)​ ​Facts
h)​ ​Decisions
Ans: b

Q10. Levels in ES technology

a)​ ​Shells
b)​ ​Design
c)​ ​Both
d)​ ​None
Ans:a

---
Questions
Knowledge Management Activity aims at
a) Total turning test
b) The rational agent approach
c) To build knowledge infrastructure
d) Thinking humanly

Answer: c
The challenges faced by Knowledge Management System are
a) Psychology
b) Communication and Collaboration
c) Control theory and cybernetics
d) Computer Engineering

Answer: b

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Which of the following is not a Capabilities of Expert Systems?

a) Advising
b) Demonstrating
c) Explaining
d) Expanding

Answer : d

What is the form of Knowledge representation?

a) IF-THEN
b) IF-THEN-ELSE
c) IF-ELSE
d) ELSE

Answer: b
Which of the following is not a benefits of Expert Systems?
a) Availability
b) Speed
c) Time
d) Less Error Rate

Answer: c
Which is the key area in which Knowledge Management is applied
a) Technological Advances
b) Inference Engine
c) Globalization of Business
d) a&c

Answer: d

The advantage of AI over Natural Intelligence are

a) Fabulous speed
b) Less baised
c) Error prone
d) a & b
Answer: d
Data, information, and past experience combined together are termed as __________.
a) Inference
b) Acquisition
c) vision
d) knowledge

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Answer: d
A ______ is nothing but an expert system without knowledge base.
a)Tools
b)Expert System
c) shell
d) knowledge

Answer: c

What kind of signal is used in speech recognition?

a)Electromagnetic signal
b) Electric signal
c) Acoustic signal
d) Radar

Answer: c

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UNIT 5 BI

BY HIRAL PARAKHIYA (GOKHALE COLLEGE)

Q1. which one of the following is not a type of Knowledge

A. Declarative Knowledge

B. Procedural Knowledge

C. Tactic Knowledge

D. Collective Knowledge

Correct answer D

Q2. KDD Stands for :

A. Knowledge Discovery Data

B. Knowledge Discovery in Database

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C. Knowledge Database Discovery

D. Knowledge Data Discovery

Answer D

Q3. Who introduced the term “Artificial Intelligence”

A. Arthur Samule

B. Marvin Lee Minsky

C. Jhon McCarthy

D. E. F. Codd

Correct answer C

Q4. In which of the following steps of expert system development, the knowledge should
be represented in IF-THEN-ELSE rules form?

A. System Design

B. Expert System Development and Completion

C. Prototype Development

D. Problem Domain Identification

Correct answer C

Q5. Forward Chaining Strategy is used by ________ to recommend a solution.

A. Inference Engine

B. Knowledge Engine

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C. Expert Engine

D. Forward Engine

Correct answer A

Q6. ______________ is required to exhibit intelligence.

A. Data

B. Knowledge

C. Information

D. High-quality data

Correct answer B

Q7. Which of the following is not a component of ES .

A. Knowledge Base

B. Inference Engine

C. User Interface

D. High-level Data

Correct answer D

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Q8. Human use content memory and thinking whereas, robots are using the _______,
designed by scientists.

A. Knowledge

B. Data

C. built-in instruction

D. High Level Information

Correct answer C

Q9. Knowledge is ___________ resource.

A. Replaceable

B. Draining

C. Exhaustible

D. Depleting

Correct answer A

Q10. Who is the person who is responsible for making knowledge management effort in
an organization .

A. CIO

B. CEO

C. CKO

D. CKE

Correct answer C

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