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Lecture'4)Oracle'11g'Database'Architecture''
Part%1:%Understanding%the%basics%of%Oracle%11g%
Your'Oracle'11g'already'installed'for'you.'We’re'going'to'start'by'exploring'the'basics'of'that'setup.'One'thing'you'need'
to'understand'is'that'Oracle'11g'is'a'complex'system'with'many'moving'parts'/'services.'Our'setup'contains'the'
following'key'components:'

•! Oracle'Enterprise'Manager'(OEM)'–'a'website'for'performing'DBA'functions'and'monitoring'the'database'
•! Oracle'Database'Instance')'the'actual'database'server'itself'
•! Listener'–'a'program'which'allows'remote'connections'to'the'database.'Without'the'listener'users'cannot'
connect.'

Activity%1.a:%What’s%running?%
In'this'first'activity'we'will'view'the'running'processes'associated'with'Oracle'11g.'

Step!1:!Press'Ctrl+Shift+Esc'to'bring'up'the'windows'task'manager'and'view'the'running'programs.'Click'on'Memory'to'
sort'by'memory'size'with'the'largest'programs'at'the'top.''

On'your'screen,'find'these'processes'(I’ve'highlighted'the'key'oracle'processes):'

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You’ll'notice'in'your'running'version'of'task'manager,'the'memory'and'CPU'are'still'going'up'on'[Link]'and'[Link].'
These'processes'take'a'while'to'get'“up'to'speed”'and'become'available'to'use.'You’ll'know'they’re'ready'when'the'CPU'
and'memory'usage'levels'out.'

IMPORTANT!NOTE:'It'can'take'up'to'5'minutes'for'the'Oracle'database'and'OEM'services'to'start'up.'Just'because'you'
can'log)on'to'the'desktop'does'not'guarantee'the'Oracle'services'will'be'available'to'you!'

TODO:!You'can'close'task'manager.'

Activity%1.b:%Oracle%Enterprise%Manager%
Next'we’ll'connect'to'Oracle'Enterprise'Manager'(OEM)''

TODO:'Open'this'icon'on'your'desktop:' '

You'will'land'on'the'OEM'login'page.'

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Enter'the'following'information'into'the'OEM'login'screen,'as'shown,'then'click'Login'

SU2orange*

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After'you'login'you'should'see'a'status'page'for'the'database'instance.'The'instance'and'listener'should'be'Up.'

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Activity%1.c:%Bringing%the%instance%up/down.%
Next,'let’s'learn'how'to'bring'our'Oracle'instance'up/down.'This'is'useful'for'performing'essential'maintenance'like'
upgrades,'patches,'and'backups.''

NOTE:!Stay'logged'in'to'OEM'so'you'can'see'how'the'status'changes'as'we'bring'down'the'instance.'Do'not'close'the'
OEM'window.'

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Shutdown!

TODO'Click'on'the'start'button,' 'choose' from'the'menu.'This'allows'us'to'administer'the'

Logon'to'SQL'Plus'as'shown'in'the'screenshot.'

SU2orange*
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Notice'we'are'NOT'logging'on'to'the'specific'instance'[Link]'but'just'into'the'server.'At'the'SQL>'prompt,'enter'
shutdown!immediate;'and'press'enter'to'initiate'an'immediate'shutdown'of'the'instance.''

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With'the'database'now'shutdown,'return'to'your'OEM'screen.'You'should'see'the'following:'

'

Click'ok!to'return'to'the'main'monitoring'screen'in'OEM.'You'will'now'see'the'instance'and'listener'are'in'a'down'state:'

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Startup!

TODO:!Return'to'the'SQL'Plus'application'and'issue'the'following'command'from'the'SQL>'prompt:'startup!open;!

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This'command'starts'the'database'back'up'in'open'mode.'This'allows'users'to'access'the'database'again.''

Return'to'your'OEM'window'and'click'the' button.'Once'again,'you'will'see'the'login'page:'

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Login'to'OEM'like'you'did'before:'

SU2orange*

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And'once'again'your'database'should'be'up'and'running!'

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TODO:!You'may'close'OEM'and'SQL'Plus'

Part%2:%Knowing%Your%Oracle%Install%
In'this'next'part,'we’ll'explore'what'makes'up'your'Oracle'installation.'You’ll'need'to'be'familiar'with'this'information'as'
we'will'require'knowledge'of'these'components'in'future'labs.'It'should'be'noted'that'these'locations'vary'based'on'
how'you'installed'the'Oracle'software.'Since'I'did'the'install'for'you,'we'should'all'have'the'same'locations'and'settings.'
If'you'do'your'own'install'of'Oracle'at'a'future'date,'you’ll'need'to'know'where'these'components'are'for'reference.'For'
now,'I’d'like'to'explain'the'concepts'and'get'you'familiar'with'the'locations'of'these'files/folders.'There'are'4'main'
components:'

1.! The'data'directory'for'the'database.''
2.! The'parameter'file'')'[Link]'
3.! The'Oracle'home'directory'
4.! The'[Link]'file.'

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The'Oracle'data'directory'is'the'default'folder'where'the'physical'files'which'make'up'the'table'spaces'and'control'files'
are'stored.'The'name'of'the'directory'should'match'the'database'name:''orcl'

By'using'Windows'Explorer'you'should'be'able'to'find'the'data'directory'here:'c:\app\oracle\oradata\orcl!Notice'the'
file'naming'conventions.'

2.%Parameter%file%–%[Link]%
The'parameter'file,'called'[Link],'contains'default'settings'for'your'instance.'In'your'install'this'should'be'located'at'
C:\app\oracle\admin\orcl\pfile!The'parameter'file'is'read'whenever'you'start'the'database'instance.'Without'it'you'
can’t'initiate'an'Oracle'database'instance.''

TODO:'Open'the'Notepad!program'the'open'the'[Link]'file'so'you'can'view'the'settings.'

You’ll'notice'that'there’s'information'about'the'database'instance'here,'as'well'as'the'location'of'the'control'files.'See'if'
you'can'find'these'settings.'

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'As!a!word!of!caution,!do!not!change!the!contents!of!the!parameter!file.!You!will!be!able!to!do!so!by!the!end!of!the!
semester.!

TODO:'Close'the'file'when'you’re'done.'DO'NOT'SAVE'ANY'CHANGES.'

3.%Oracle%Home%Directory%
The'Oracle'home'is'the'folder'which'contains'all'of'the'binaries'and'settings'for'your'oracle'instance.'Most'of'the'time'
you'need'to'know'this'directory'when'configuring'3rd'party'software'to'work'with'the'Oracle'database.'Our'home'
directory'is'installed'here:'C:\app\oracle\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1'

4.%%The%%[Link]%file%
The'[Link]'is'a'configuration'file'that'defines'database'addresses'for'establishing'connections'to'them.'This'file'
normally'resides'in'your'oracle'home'directory'under'NETWORK\ADMIN'directory.'

TODO:!Using!Notepad,!open'your'[Link]'file'from'
C:\app\oracle\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1\NETWORK\ADMIN'do'you'notice'any'names'in'this'file'which'look'familiar?'
Close'the'file'when'you’re'done.'DO'NOT'SAVE'ANY'CHANGES.'

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Questions%
For'credit'you'must'answer'each'of'these'questions'completely,'correctly'and'by'the'due'date.'Since'you'must'hand'in'a'
Word'document'with'your'answers,'I'suggest'copying'these'questions'to'a'new'document'and'saving'your'answers'
there.''

1.! What'are'the'three'key'components'of'our'Oracle'Installation?'
2.! Can'you'access'the'Oracle'services'immediately'after'logging'on'to'Windows?'Explain.'
3.! What'is'SQL'Plus?'How'is'it'similar'to'and'different'from'OEM?'
4.! What'is'the'db_block_size'setting'in'your'[Link]'file?'
5.! What'is'the'SERVICE_NAME'in'your'[Link]'file?'
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References:

• [Link]
[Link]#CNCPT005
• [Link]