Department of Computer
Science & Engineering
LAB REPORT
CSE 209 - Electrical Circuits
Section - 09
Submitted To : Submitted By :
Md. Mahadi Hasan Name: Maliha Eibnath
Adjunct Faculty Student ID: 2023-3-60-288
Department of CSE Dept.: Department of CSE
East West University Date: 03/ 03 / 2025
Experiment No. 1
Experiment Title: Introduction to Circuit Elements and Variables
Objectives:
● To become more familiar with circuit variables (voltage and current) and circuit elements
(voltage source and resistance).
● To learn how to measure DC voltage across a circuit element using a voltmeter and DC
current through a circuit element using an ammeter.
● To learn how to measure resistance of a resistor using a multimeter.
● To verify Ohm's Law.
Equipment’s and Components Needed:
1. DC power supply
2. DC ammeter
3. DC voltmeter
4. Multimeter
5. Resistor 1000
6. Breadboard
7. Connecting wires
Circuit Diagram:
Data table:
Observation no Value of E (V) Measured value of Measured value Measured value
V (V) of I (mA) of R (Ω)
1 5 5.05 5
2 6 6.03 6
3 7 7.025 7 990
4 8 8.025 8
5 9 8.986 9
6 10 9.985 10
Report Question
1. Theoretically calculate the values of I using measured values of V and R. Compare the
theoretical values with the measured values and comment on any discrepancy.
𝑉𝑉
Ans: Using Ohm's Law, I = , if we calculate the value of I, for observation no 1 we get,
𝑅𝑅
5.05
I= = 5.101 mA
990
This is the theoretical value of I. The measured value of I is also 5 mA which is the same if we do not
consider decimals. The slight discrepancy is due to loss of current in other forms of energy.
2. Theoretically calculate the values of R from the measured values of V and I using Ohm’s
law. Compare the calculated and measure values of R and comment on any discrepancy.
𝑉𝑉
Ans: Using Ohm’s Law we know as R=
𝐼𝐼
If we calculate R for first observation using the measured values of V and I.
We get, V = 5.05,
I = 5 mA
5.05
R= = 990 Ohm
.0051
This is the calculated value of R. The measured value of R is 990 Ohm. So, it seems the resistance is
same.
3. Compare the set value of E and the measured value of V and comment on any discrepancy.
Ans: The set values of E are: 5,6,7,8,9,10
The measured values of V are: 5.05, 6.03, 7.025, 8.025, 8.986, 9.985
The measured values are remarkably close to the set values, with just tiny differences here and there.
These slight variations could be due to minor measurement uncertainties or small changes in the
experimental conditions.
4. Plot V vs. I (taking I as independent variable) and fit a straight-line passing through the
origin. From the plot determine the resistance of the supplied resistor using Ohm’s law.
Compare this value with the measured value and comment on any discrepancy.
Ans:
If we fit a straight line through these points and calculate the slope we will get the resistance. The
10−5
slope = 1.013
9.985−5.05
Since I is in mA the resistance is also in milli ohms. Converting it to ohms we get 1013 ohms. The
measured value is 990 ohms. So, we see discrepancy in here which is also due to instrumental error
like previous cases.
5. Discuss how Voltage and current is measured using a multi range meter.
Ans:
To measure voltage and current with a multimeter, first choose what you want to measure using the
big dial (V for voltage, A for current). For voltage, touch the red probe to the positive end and the
black probe to the negative end. For current, make the multimeter part of the circuit, like adding an
extra wire. This way, you can accurately measure voltage and current.
Discussion:
We conducted an experiment to observe the behavior of resistors, capacitors, and inductors in a
basic circuit. Our results confirmed Ohm's Law (V = IR), demonstrating a direct relationship
between voltage and current, particularly for the resistor. While minor discrepancies were observed
between the measured values of voltage (V) and electromotive force (E) due to equipment
limitations, the fundamental principle was clearly validated.
Rough Sheet:
