Tree Identification

of Common Tree Species found in Ontario

As simple as one – two – tree!

Caring for Your Land Series of Workshops

 Topics covered
§ What is a tree?
§ Forest regions of Canada
§ Coniferous vs. Deciduous
§ What’s in a name?
§ Identification features
§ Coniferous trees of Ontario
§ Deciduous trees of Ontario
 What is a tree?
§ Woody perennial plant
§ Grows to a height of at least 4.5 m
§ Two divisions:
§ Pinophyta (cone-bearing plants)
§ Magnoliophyta (flowering plants)
 Coniferous vs. Deciduous
Coniferous Deciduous
§ Also known as § Also known as
softwoods and hardwoods and
evergreens broadleaf trees
§ Bears a needle-like or § Bears a leaf
scale-like leaves § Leaves fall off the tree
§ Needle or scale-like in the autumn
leaves do not fall in § Has a true flower
autumn (except for § 84 native species in
larch) Ontario
§ Bears a cone
§ 14 native species in
Ontario
 What’s in a name?
§ Each tree has a common name and a scientific
name.
§ Common name may change depending on where
you live
§ Scientific names are grouped by Family, Genera
and Species and never change.
§ Common Name: Sugar maple
§ Scientific name: Acer saccharum Marsh.
§ Family: Aceraceae
§ Genus: Acer
§ Species: Saccharum
§ Person who named the tree: Marsh.
 How to identify a tree?
§ Learn the tree identification features
§ Know your site or habitat
§ Upland, lowland, soil type
§ Use a tree identification key
§ Determine whether coniferous or
deciduous.
§ Check to see bud or leaf arrangement
 Tree Identification Features
1. Leaf
2. Twig and bud
3. Bark
4. Size and form
5. Shade tolerance
6. Seed
7. Wood
8. Site or habitat
 1. Leaf identification
§ A: Leaf type
§ B: Arrangement on twig
§ C: Leaf shape
§ D: Leaf margin
 A: Leaf Types
§ Simple or Compound Leaf
§ Scale-like Leaf
§ Needle-like Leaf
§ Singly on twig
§ In bundles of 2, 3, 5 or more
 Leaf Types continue
Simple Compound
§ undivided § Divided into
leaflets
 Leaf Types continue

Scale-like Leaf Needle-like Leaf

In In Singly on
bundles bundles twig
of 5 of 2
 B: Leaf Arrangement
§ Alternate
§ Leaves grow alternately on
twig
§ Opposite
§ Leaves grow opposite of each
other on twig
§ Whorled
§ Leaves grow in a circular
fashion on the twig
 C: Leaf Shape

oval

reversed
oval
linear

heart-shaped

cordate cuneate
 D: Leaf Margins

§ Smooth

§ Toothed

§ Wavy or lobed
 2. Twig and Buds
§ Twig with opposite bud arrangement
Terminal bud
Leaflets

Lenticels
Lateral bud

Compound
leaf Leaf-scar

End bud-scar
Double
compound leaf
Solid pith
 Twig and Buds continue
§ Twig with alternate bud arrangement
Terminal
bud
Lateral
bud

Leaf tip
Midrib

Lenticels Sinus or Cleft

Lobe

Leaf Vein
stalk
 3. Bark
§ Identifying features:
§ Colour
White Grey Brown/Black

§ Structure
Flaky Smooth Rough
 3. Bark
§ Identifying features:
§ Pattern

Furrowed Flat Topped Ridges

 3. Bark
§ Varies by age and growth rate
 4. Size and Form
• Form refers to the shape of the
crown, the branches and the trunk.
• Each species has a characteristic
form when grown in the open
 5. Shade Tolerance
§ All tree species have a tolerance level for
shade.
§ Intolerant
§ Species that cannot survive in shaded conditions.
They need direct sunlight to grow.
§ Intermediate
§ Species that can survive in partially shaded
conditions.
§ Tolerant
§ Species that can live in shaded conditions
 Shade Tolerance Chart
Tolerant Intermediate Intolerant
Hemlock White pine Red pine
Balsam fir Yellow birch Walnut
Ironwood Oak Butternut
Beech Elm Hickory
Sugar maple Ash White birch
Spruce Black cherry
Cedar Tamarack
Red maple Jack pine
Silver maple Willow
Basswood Aspens
Poplars
Grey birch
 6. Seed
§ Acorns and Nuts
e.g. oaks, American beech, American chestnut
§ Winged
e.g. maples, eastern hemlock, spruces
§ Fleshy fruit and pods
e.g. viburums, dogwoods, black locust
 7. Wood
Butternut
§ Density
§ Colour
§ Grain
Hemlock

Oak

Cedar
 8. Site or Habitat
§ Soil structure, texture and fertility,
moisture regime, slope and aspect and
climate all have an impact on species of
trees growing on a particular site
§ Examples:
§ Bog – black spruce, larch
§ Upland, rocky terrain – sugar maple, hickory,
beech, red oak, jack pine
§ Lowland – black ash, red maple, elm, tamarack
Trees of Canada

A great source of
information!

Written by:
John Laird Farrar

ISBN: 1-55041-199-3
Published by: Fitzhenry &
Whiteside Limited and the
Canadian Forest Service,
Natural Resources Canada
 Coniferous

Needle Trees, Evergreens, Softwoods

Class: Magnoliopsida
Division: Pinophyta

Caring for Your Land Series of Workshops

 Coniferous Leaf

§ Scale-like Leaf

§ Needle-like Leaf
§ Singly on twig
§ Needles in bundles
 Scale-Like Leaf

Caring for Your Land Series of Workshops

 Eastern Red-Cedar
§ Juniperus virginiana
Eastern Juniper, Red juniper
 Eastern White Cedar
§ Thuja occidentalis
§ Northern White Cedar, Swamp Cedar,
Eastern Arbovitae
 Other Conifers with Scale-Like Leaves

common juniper Juniperus communis shrub native ON, Canada

creeping juniper Juniperus horizontalis shrub native ON, Canada

chinese juniper Juniperus chinensis shrub alien Asia

savin juniper Juniperus sabina shrub alien Europe

oriental cedar Thuja orientalis tree alien Asia

sawara-cypress Chamaecyparis pisifera tree alien Japon

hinoki-cypress Chamaecyparis obtusa tree alien Japon

 Needle-Like Leaf

* Singly on Twig *

Caring for Your Land Series of Workshops

 Balsam Fir
§ Abies balsamea
§ Canada Balsam, Canada Fir, White Fir
 White Spruce
§ Picea glauca
§ Cat Spruce, Skunk Spruce, Pasture
Spruce, Canadian Spruce
 Blue Spruce
§ Picea pungens
§ Colorado Spruce, Silver Spruce
 Red Spruce
§ Picea rubens
§ Eastern Spruce, Yellow Spruce
 Black Spruce
§ Picea mariana
§ Bog Spruce, Swamp Spruce
 Norway Spruce
§ Picea abies
§ Common Spruce
 Eastern Hemlock
§ Tsuga canadensis
§ Canada Hemlock, Hemlock Spruce
Other Conifers with Needle-Like Leaves
(Single Needles)

dawn redwood Metasequoia glyptostroboides tree alien Asia

bald-cypress Taxodium distichum tree alien USA

japanese-cedar Cryptomeria japonica tree alien Asia

noble fir Abies procera tree alien USA

nordmann fir Abies nordmanniana tree alien Europe

spanish fir Abies pinsapo tree alien USA

white fir Abies concolor tree alien USA

serbian spruce Picea omorika tree alien Europe

english yew Taxus baccata tree alien Europe

japonese yew Taxus cuspidata shrub alien Japon

canada yew Taxus canadensis shrub native ON, Canada

 Needle-Like Leaf

* Needle Bundles *

Caring for Your Land Series of Workshops

 Red Pine
§ Pinus resinosa
§ Norway Pine
 Austrian Pine
§ Pinus nigra
§ European Black Pine
 Jack Pine
§ Pinus banksiana
§ Black Pine, Gray Pine, Scrub Pine,
Banksian Pine
 Scots Pine
§ Pinus sylvestris
§ Scotch Pine
 Mugho Pine
§ Pinus mugo
§ Swiss Mountain Pine
 Eastern White Pine
§ Pinus strobus
§ Northern White Pine,
Weymouth Pine
 Pitch Pine
§ Pinus rigida
 Tamarack
§ Larix laricina
§ American Larch, Alaska Larch
 European Larch
§ Larix decidua
 Other Conifers with Needle-Like Leaves
(Needles in Bundles)

umbrella-pine Sciadopitys verticillata tree alien Japon

bristlecone pine Pinus aristata tree alien USA

japanese larch Larix kaempferi tree alien Japon

siberian larch Larix sibirica tree alien Asia

deodar cedar Cedrus deodara tree alien Asia

atlas cedar Cedrus atlantica tree alien Africa

cedar-of-lebanon Cedrus libani tree alien Asia

 Deciduous

Broadleaf, Hardwoods, Flowering Trees

Division: Magnoliophyta
Class: Magnoliopsida

Caring for Your Land Series of Workshops

Opposite Leaf Arrangement

Simple Leaf Type

Caring for Your Land Series of Workshops

 Sugar Maple
§ Acer saccharum
§ Hard Maple, Rock Maple,
Bird’s-Eye Maple
 Red Maple
§ Acer rubrum
§ Swamp maple, soft maple
 Silver Maple
§ Acer saccharinum
§ Soft maple, White Maple, River Maple
 Black Maple
§ Acer nigrum
§ Black Sugar Maple,
Rock Maple
 Mountain Maple
§ Acer spicatum
§ Dwarf Maple, Moose
Maple
 Striped Maple
§ Acer pensylvanicum
§ Moose Maple, Moosewood,
Goosefoot Maple
 Norway Maple
§ Acer platanoides
 Norway Maple

“Columnare” “Crimson King” “Drummondii “ “Cleveland”

“Erectum” “Crimson Sentry” “Harlequin”
“Olmsted”

“Schwedler”
“Faasens Black” “Globosum”
“Emerald Queen”
“Globe”
 Sweet Viburnum
§ Viburnum lentago
§ Nannyberry, Sheepberry
 European Buckthorn
§ Rhamnus cathartica
§ Common Buckthorn, Purging Buckthorn
 Other Deciduous Trees, Opposite Leaf
Arrangement (Simple Leaves)

sycamore maple Acer pseudoplatanus tree alien Europe

shrub-
amur maple Acer ginnala alien Asia
tree
shrub-
japonese maple Acer palmatum alien Asia
tree
european cranberry alien
Viburnum opulus shrub Europe
viburnum (naturalized)
alien
wayfaring viburnum Viburnum lantana tree Europe
(naturalized)

squashberry viburnum Viburnum edule shrub native ON, Canada

cranberry viburnum Viburnum trilobum shrub native ON, Canada

eastern flowering
Cornus florida tree native ON, Canada
dogwood
shrub-
cornelian-cherry Cornus mas alien Eurasia
tree

kousa dogwood Cornus kousa tree alien Asia

 Other Deciduous Trees, Opposite Leaf
Arrangement (Simple Leaves)

shrub- alien
common lilac Syringa vulgaris Europe
tree (naturalized)

northern catalpa Catalpa speciosa tree alien USA

southern catalpa Catalpa bignonioides tree alien USA

burning-bush shrub-
Euonymus atropurpureus native ON, Canada
euonymus tree

european euonymus Euonymus europaeus tree alien Europe

shrub-
winged euonymus Euonymus alatus alien Asia
tree

button-bush Cephalanthus occidentalis shrub native ON, Canada

katsura-tree Cercidiphyllum japonicum tree alien Asia

shrub-
silver buffalo-berry Shepherdia argentea native ON, Canada
tree
 Opposite Leaf Arrangement

Compound Leaf Type

Caring for Your Land Series of Workshops

 Manitoba Maple
§ Acer negundo
§ Box-Elder, Ashleaf Maple
 White Ash
§ Fraxinus americana
§ American Ash, Canadian White Ash
 Black Ash
§ Fraxinus nigra
§ Swamp Ash, Hoop Ash, Basket Ash
 Red Ash
§ Fraxinus pennsylvanica
§ Green Ash, Soft Ash
 Horsechestnut
§ Aesculus hippocastanum
§ Common horsechestnut,
chestnut
 Other Deciduous Trees, Opposite Leaf
Arrangement (Compound Leaves)

ohio buckeye Aesculus glabra tree alien USA

Fraxinus pennsylvanica var.

green ash tree native ON, Canada
subintegerrima

northern red ash Fraxinus pennsylvanica var. austini tree native ON, Canada

blue ash Fraxinus quadrangulata tree native ON, Canada

pumpkin ash Fraxinus profunda tree native ON, Canada

european ash Fraxinus excelsior tree alien Europe

amur corktree Phellodendron amurense tree alien Asia

american elder Sambucus canadensis shrub native ON, Canada

eastern red elderberry Sambucus pubens shrub native ON, Canada

 Alternate Leaf Arrangement

Compound Leaf Type

Caring for Your Land Series of Workshops

 Butternut
§ Juglans cinerea
§ White walnut, Lemon Walnut, Oilnut
 Black Walnut
§ Juglans nigra
§ American walnut
 Shagbark Hickory
§ Carya ovata
§ Upland hickory, Scalybark Hickory
 Shellbark Hickory
§ Carya laciniosa
§ Big shagbark hickory, Kingnut Hickory,
Big Shagbark Hickory
 Red Hickory
§ Carya glabra
§ Pignut Hickory, Black Hickory, Broom
Hickory
 Bitternut Hickory
§ Carya cordiformis
§ Swamp Hickory
 Kentucky Coffeetree
§ Gymnocladus dioicus
§ Coffeenut
 Black Locust
§ Robinia pseudoacacia
§ False Acacia, Common Locust
 Honey Locust
§ Gleditsia triacanthos
§ Thorny Locust, Sweet Locust,
Tree-Thorned Acacia
 Showy Mountain Ash
§ Sorbus decora
§ Northern Mountain Ash, Dogberry
 Staghorn Sumac
§ Rhus typhina
§ Velvet Sumac, Sumac Vinegar-Tree
 Common Hoptree
§ Ptelea trifoliata
§ Wafer Ash, Stinking Ash,
Three-Leaved Hop-Tree
 Tree-of-Heaven
§ Ailanthus altissima
§ Ailanthus, Chinese-Sumac
 Other Deciduous Trees, Alternate Leaf
Arrangement, (Compound Leaves)

shrub-
siberian pea-tree Caragana arborescens alien Asia
tree
Laburnum anagyrroides x Laburnum
laburnum tree alien Europe
watereri

yellow-wood Cladastis lutea tree alien USA

japonese angelica-
Aralia elata tree alien Asia
tree
shrub-
common prickly-ash Zanthoxylum americanum native ON, Canada
tree
american mountain- shrub-
Sorbus americana native ON, Canada
ash tree
european mountain- alien
Sorbus aucuparia tree Europe
ash (naturalized)
shrub-
shining sumac Rhus copallina native ON, Canada
tree

smooth sumac Rhus glabra shrub native ON, Canada

shrub-
poison-sumac Toxicodendron vernix native ON, Canada
tree
 Alternate Leaf Arrangement

Simple Leaf Type –

Lobed Leaf Margins

Caring for Your Land Series of Workshops

 Sycamore
§ Platanus occidentalis
§ Buttonball, American Sycamore, American
Plane-Tree
 Sassafras
§ Sassafras albidum
§ White Sassafras, Cinnamon-Wood,
Greenstick, Mitten-Tree
 Tulip Tree
§ Lirodendron tulipifera
§ Tulip-Poplar, Yellow-Poplar, Tulip-
Magnolia, Whitewood
 Red Oak
§ Quercus rubra
§ Northern Red Oak, Grey Oak
 Black Oak
§ Quercus velutina
§ Yellow Oak, Quercitron Oak
 Pin Oak
§ Quercus palustris
§ Swamp Oak, Spanish Oak, Water Oak
 White Oak
§ Quercus alba
§ Stave oak, Northern White Oak
 Bur Oak
§ Quercus macrocarpa
§ Blue Oak, Mossycup Oak, Scrubby Oak
 Swamp White Oak
§ Quercus bicolor
§ Blue Oak, Swamp Oak
 Chinquapin Oak
§ Quercus muehlenbergi
§ Yellow Chestnut Oak, Yellow Oak,
Rock Oak
 Other Deciduous Trees, Alternate Leaf
Arrangement, (Simple Leaves, Lobed Margin)

Platanus occidentalis x Platanus

london plane-tree tree alien Europe
orientalis

alien
white mulberry Morus alba tree Asia
(naturalized)

sweetgum Liquidambar styraciflua tree alien USA

northern pin oak Quercus ellipsoidalis tree native ON, Canada

shumard oak Quercus shumardii tree native ON, Canada

scarlet oak Quercus coccinea tree alien USA

shrub-
dwarf chinquapin oak Quercus prinoides native ON, Canada
tree

alien
english oak Quercus robur tree Europe
(naturalized)
 Alternate Leaf Arrangement

Simple Leaf Type –

Toothed Leaf Margins

Caring for Your Land Series of Workshops

 Red Mulberry
§ Morus rubra
 American Beech
§ Fagus grandifolia
§ Red Beech
 American Chestnut
§ Castanea dentata
§ Sweet Chestnut
 Witch Hazel
§ Hamamelis virginiana
§ American Witch-Hazel, Snapping-Hazel,
Spotted-Alder, Winterbloom
 Basswood
§ Tilia americana
§ American Linden, Whitewood,
Spoonwood, Bee-Tree, Lime-Tree
 White Birch
§ Betula papyrifera
§ Paper Birch, Canoe Birch, Spoolwood,
Silver Birch
 Gray Birch
§ Betula populifolia
§ White Birch, Swamp Birch, Fire Birch,
Wire birch
 Yellow Birch
§ Betula alleghaniensis
§ Gold Birch, Swamp Birch, Curly Birch,
Red Birch, Newfoundland-Oak
 Speckled Alder
§ Alnus incana [Link]
§ Tag Alder, Gray Alder, Hoary Alder, Red
Alder, River Alder
 Blue Beech
§ Carpinus caroliniana
§ American hornbeam, Musclewood,
Ironwood, Smooth-Barked Ironwood
 Ironwood
§ Ostrya virginiana
§ American Hop-Hornbeam, Leverwood,
Deerwood, Rough-Barked Ironwood
 Pussy Willow
§ Salix discolor
§ Tall Pussy Willow, Glaucous Willow, Pussy
Feet
 Black Willow
§ Salix nigra
§ Swamp Willow
 Golden Weeping Willow
§ Salix alba var. vitellina
§ White Willow, Weeping Willow, Common
Willow, French Willow
 Balsam Poplar
§ Populus balsamifera
§ Eastern Balsam Poplar, Hackmatack, Balm
Poplar, Balsam, Rough-Barked Poplar
 Eastern Cottonwood
§ Populus deltoides
§ Big Cottonwood, Necklace Poplar, Liard
 Trembling Aspen
§ Populus tremuloides
§ Quaking Aspen, Aspen Poplar, Golden
Aspen, Smalltooth Aspen
 Largetooth Aspen
§ Populus grandidentata
§ Big-Toothed Aspen, Largetooth Poplar
 Lombardy Poplar
§ Populus nigra
§ European Black Poplar, Column Poplar
 Silver Poplar
§ Populus alba
§ White Poplar, Silver-Leaved Poplar,
European White, Silver Maple
 White Elm
§ Ulmus americana
§ American Elm, Grey Elm, Soft Elm, Water
Elm, Swamp Elm
 Rock Elm
§ Ulmus thomasii
§ Cork Elm, Winged Elm
 Slippery Elm
§ Ulmus rubra
§ Red elm, Moose Elm, Soft Elm,
Sweet Elm
 Hackberry
§ Celtis occidentalis
§ Common Hackberry, Northern Nackberry,
Bastard Elm, Nettle-Berry, Sugarberry
 Common Apple
§ Malus sylvestris
§ Wild Apple, Paradise Apple
 Pin Cherry
§ Prunus pensylvanica
§ Wild Red Cherry, Fire Cherry, Bird Cherry,
Hay Cherry
 Black Cherry
§ Prunus serotina
§ Black Chokecherry, Rum Cherry, Cabinet
Cherry, timber Cherry, Wine cherry
 Choke Cherry
§ Prunus virginiana
§ Eastern Chokecherry, Red Choke Cherry,
Sloetree, Wild Cherry, Chuckley-Plum
 Canada Plum
§ Prunus nigra
§ Red Plum, Black Plum, Wild Plum, Horse
Plum
 American Plum
§ Prunus americana
§ Wild Plum, Brown Plum, Red Plum,
Yellow Plum
 Fleshy Hawthorn
§ Crataegus succulenta
§ Succulent Hawthorn
 Other Deciduous Trees, Alternate Leaf
Arrangement, (Simple Leaves, Toothed Margin)

chestnut oak Quercus montana tree alien USA

european beech Fagus sylvatica tree alien Europe

chinese chestnut Castanea mollissima tree alien Asia

shrub-
common winterberry Ilex verticillata native ON, Canada
tree
shrub- alien
english holly Ilex aquifolium Europe
tree (naturalized)
shrub-
american holly Ilex opaca alien USA
tree
shrub-
mountain-holly Nemopanthus mucronatus native ON, Canada
tree
shrub- alien
glossy buckthorn Rhamnus frangula Europe
tree (naturalized)

little-leaf linden Tilia cordata tree alien Europe

white linden Tilia tomentosa tree alien Eurasia

mountain paper birch Betula cordifolia tree native ON, Canada

alien
european white birch Betula pendula tree Eurasia
(naturalized)
 Other Deciduous Trees, Alternate Leaf
Arrangement, (Simple Leaves, Toothed Margin)

cherry birch Betula lenta tree native ON, Canada

green alder Alnus viridis shrub native ON, Canada

alien
european black alder Alnus glutinosa tree Europe
(naturalized)

beaked hazel Corylus cornuta shrub native ON, Canada

american hazel Corylus americana shrub native ON, Canada

turkish hazel Corylus colurna tree alien Eurasia

shrub-
european filbert Corylus avellana alien Eurasia
tree

peachleaf willow Salix amygdaloides tree native ON, Canada

shrub-
sandbar willow Salix exigua native ON, Canada
tree
shrub-
bebb willow Salix bebbiana native ON, Canada
tree
shrub-
littletree willow Salix arbusculoides native ON, Canada
tree
shrub-
balsam willow Salix pyrifolia native ON, Canada
tree
 Other Deciduous Trees, Alternate Leaf
Arrangement, (Simple Leaves, Toothed Margin)

shining willow Salix lucida tree native ON, Canada

laurel willow Salix pentandra tree alien Eurasia

alien
crack willow Salix fragilis tree Europe
(naturalized)

golden willow Salix alba tree alien Asia

hybrid white willow Salix alba x Salix fragilis tree alien Eurasia

shrub-
meadow willow Salix petiolaris native ON, Canada
tree
shrub-
heartleaf willow Salix eriocephala native ON, Canada
tree
shrub-
satiny willow Salix pellita native ON, Canada
tree
alien
basket willow Salix viminalis tree Eurasia
(naturalized)
shrub-
purple-osier willow Salix purpurea alien Eurasia
tree
shrub-
violet willow Salix daphnoides alien Europe
tree

simon poplar Populus simonii tree alien Asia

 Other Deciduous Trees, Alternate Leaf
Arrangement, (Simple Leaves, Toothed Margin)
Populus nigra x Populus
carolina poplar tree alien Europe
canadensis
alien
scotch elm Ulmus glabra tree Europe
(naturalized)
alien
siberian elm Ulmus pumila tree Asia
(naturalized)
alien
english elm Ulmus procera tree Europe
(naturalized)
japonese zelkova Zelkova serrata tree alien Asia

shrub-
dwarf hackberry Celtis tenuifolia native ON, Canada
tree
shrub-
downy serviceberry Amelanchier arborea native ON, Canada
tree
shrub-
smooth serviceberry Amelanchier laevis native ON, Canada
tree
roundleaf shrub-
Amelanchier sanguinea native ON, Canada
serviceberry tree
mountain
Amelanchier bartramiana shrub native ON, Canada
serviceberry
wild crab apple Malus coronaria tree native ON, Canada

siberian crab apple Malus baccata tree alien Europe

 Other Deciduous Trees, Alternate Leaf
Arrangement, (Simple Leaves, Toothed Margin)
alien
sweet cherry Prunus avium tree Asia
(naturalized)
alien
sour cherry Prunus cerasus tree Eurasia
(naturalized)
japonese flowering
Prunus serrulata tree alien Asia
cherry

amur choke cherry Prunus maackii tree alien Asia

shrub-
pear hawthorn Crataegus calpodendron native ON, Canada
tree
shrub-
fireberry hawthorn Crataegus chrysocarpa native ON, Canada
tree

dotted hawthorn Crataegus punctata tree native ON, Canada

downt hawthorn Crataegus mollis tree native ON, Canada

cockspur hawthorn Crataegus crus-galli tree native ON, Canada

shrub-
scarlet hawthorn Crataegus coccinea native ON, Canada
tree
shrub-
fanleaf hawthorn Crataegus flabellata native ON, Canada
tree
alien
one-seeded hawthorn Crataegus monogyna tree Europe
(naturalized)

washington hawthorn Crataegus phaenopyrum tree alien USA

 Alternate Leaf Arrangement

Simple Leaf Type –

Smooth Leaf Margins

Caring for Your Land Series of Workshops

 Pawpaw
§ Asimina triloba
§ False Banana, Pawpaw Custard-
Apple, Prairie Banana
 Black Gum
§ Nyssa sylvatica
§ Black Tupelo, Sourgum, Pepperidge
 Cucumber Tree
§ Magnolia acuminata
§ Cucumber Magnolia, Pointed-Leaved
Magnolia
 Other Deciduous Trees, Alternate Leaf
Arrangement, (Simple Leaves, Smooth Margin)

alternate-leaf shrub-
Cornus alternifolia native ON, Canada
dogwood tree
rosebay
Rhododendron maximum tree native ON, Canada
rhododendron

redbud Cercis canadensis tree native ON, Canada

shrub-
saucer magnolia Magnolia X soulangiana alien Eurasia
tree
shrub-
sea-buckthorn Hippophae rhamnoides alien Eurasia
tree
alien
russian-olive Elaeagnus angustifolia tree Eurasia
(naturalized)
shrub-
silverberry Elaeagnus commutata native ON, Canada
tree
shrub-
common smoke-tree Cotinus coggygria alien Eurasia
tree

osage-orange Maclura pomifera tree alien USA

Presentation made possible by

§ Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources

§ Ontario Stewardship
§ Ontario Forestry Association
§ Eastern Ontario Model Forest
§ With contributions from:
§ City of Ottawa
§ Purdue University