STANDARDS

A. MALL

1. Retail Spaces

These include shops, kiosks, anchor stores, and dining outlets.

 Anchor Stores (e.g., department stores, supermarkets):

o Size: 3,000–10,000 sqm (depending on the mall’s scale).

o Width-to-depth ratio: 3:2 or 4:3 for efficient layout.

 Inline Retail Shops:

o Size: 50–200 sqm per shop.

o Standard shopfront width: 4–6 meters.

o Depth: 10–20 meters.

 Kiosks/Pop-up Shops:

o Size: 4–15 sqm per kiosk.

o Clearance: Minimum 3 meters between kiosks for circulation.

 Food Court Stalls:

o Size: 10–20 sqm per stall.

o Shared seating area per person: 1.5–2 sqm.

2. Circulation Spaces

These ensure smooth pedestrian flow and connectivity within the mall.

 Hallways/Walkways:

o Width: 6–10 meters for main corridors; 4–5 meters for

secondary corridors.

o Clearance: Maintain a minimum of 2.4 meters headroom.

 Atriums:

o Size: 200–1,000 sqm, depending on mall scale and purpose.

o Height: 12–20 meters to enhance openness.

  Escalators and Stairs:

o Escalator width: Minimum 1.0 meter per escalator.

o Stair width: Minimum 1.2 meters for public stairs, per NBC.

 Elevators:

o Minimum size: 1.8 sqm (for passengers); 2.2 sqm (for service).

o Minimum capacity: 8–12 persons.

3. Dining and Entertainment Spaces

Areas dedicated to dining, leisure, and recreation.

 Cinemas:

o Size: 400–1,000 sqm per cinema.

o Seating: Minimum 0.5–0.6 sqm per seat, with rows spaced

900–1,200 mm apart.

 Food Courts:

o Stall size: 10–20 sqm per vendor.

o Shared seating: Allow 1.5–2 sqm per seat, including circulation.

 Children’s Play Areas/Arcades:

o Size: 100–500 sqm.

o Clearance height: Minimum 3 meters.

4. Operational and Support Areas

Includes areas for building management, storage, and technical systems.

 Loading Bays:

o Size: 60–80 sqm per bay, with clearance for trucks (minimum
4.5 meters height).

 Back-of-House (Storage, Kitchens, Admin Offices):

o Storage: 5–15% of the total GFA of the mall.

 o Kitchens (for food courts): 20–50 sqm per stall.

 Restrooms:

o Male: 1 urinal per 50 males, 1 cubicle per 100 males.

o Female: 1 cubicle per 50 females.

o Total restroom space: 15–25 sqm for a small mall; 50–100 sqm
for larger malls.

 Parking:

o Car slot size: 2.5 m x 5 m (standard), 3.6 m x 5.5 m

(accessible).

o Motorcycle slot: 1.2 m x 2.5 m.

o Aisle width: 6.7 m (two-way traffic).

5. Communal and Recreational Spaces

Designed to enhance visitor experience and community engagement.

 Event Spaces:

o Size: 100–1,000 sqm, depending on purpose.

o Clearance height: Minimum 4 meters for staging.

 Green/Open Spaces:

o Size: 10–20% of total GFA (for eco-friendly malls).

6. Standards Based on NBCP and Global Practices

 Minimum Floor-to-Floor Height:

o Retail floors: 4–5 meters.

o Anchor stores: 5–7 meters.

 Mall Entrances and Lobbies:

o Entrance width: Minimum 6 meters.

o Lobby area: 50–100 sqm, depending on mall scale.

 B. PARKING

Here are the common spaces found in a parking area and their standard
dimensions based on the National Building Code of the Philippines
(NBCP) and typical international standards:

1. Parking Slots/Spaces

 Standard Car Parking Slot:

o Dimension: 2.50 meters (width) x 5.00 meters (length).

o Designed for regular vehicles in most parking areas.

 Compact Car Parking Slot:

o Dimension: 2.30 meters (width) x 4.50 meters (length).

o Used for smaller cars in areas where space is limited.

 Parallel Parking Slot:

o Dimension: 2.40 meters (width) x 6.00 meters (length).

o Requires additional length for easier entry and exit of vehicles.

 Accessible Parking Slot for Persons with Disabilities (PWD):

o Dimension: 3.60 meters (width) x 5.00 meters (length).

o Located near entrances with appropriate signage and ramp

access.

2. Aisles (Driveway or Circulation Pathways)

 The aisle width depends on the parking layout (e.g., perpendicular,

angled, or parallel parking):

o One-Way Aisle: Minimum 6.00 meters for 90° parking.

o Two-Way Aisle: Minimum 6.70 meters for easy vehicle

movement.

o Angled Parking (45° or 60°): Aisle width can range between

3.50 and 5.00 meters.
3. Entry and Exit Points

 Driveway Width:

o One-Way: Minimum 3.00 meters.

o Two-Way: Minimum 6.00 meters.

o Should have smooth curves for turning radii and enough space
for queuing vehicles.

4. Ramps

 Used for multi-level parking.

o Minimum Width:

 One-way ramp: 3.70 meters.

 Two-way ramp: 6.00 meters.

o Slope: 12% maximum gradient for passenger vehicles.

o Landing Area: Every 6 meters of vertical rise should have a flat

landing zone.

5. Pedestrian Pathways

 Clearly marked and segregated for safety.

o Minimum Width: 1.20 meters for walkways, with provisions for

ramps and crossings.

6. Bicycle Parking Spaces

 Dimension: 0.60 meters (width) x 1.80 meters (length) per bicycle.

 Should include racks or stands for securing bikes.

7. Loading and Unloading Zones

 Dimension: 3.60 meters (width) x 9.00 meters (length).

 Located near entrances for delivery or pick-up vehicles.

8. Turning Radius

 Passenger Vehicles: 6.00 meters to 7.50 meters.

 Larger Vehicles (e.g., delivery trucks): 8.50 meters to 10.50

meters.

9. Utility Spaces

 Ventilation Areas: Openings for natural or mechanical ventilation (for

enclosed parking).

 Electrical/Mechanical Rooms: For lighting, elevators, and parking

systems.

o Vary depending on the building’s size.

10. Motorcycle Parking Slots

 Dimension: 1.20 meters (width) x 2.50 meters (length).

 Designated separately from car spaces for safety and organization.

 C. RESIDENTIAL

1. Residential Units

The primary spaces for residents, with configurations ranging from studio
units to larger family apartments.

 Studio Units:

o Area: 18–35 sqm (194–377 sq. ft.).

o Contains a single open space with a bathroom and kitchenette.

 1-Bedroom Units:

o Area: 35–60 sqm (377–645 sq. ft.).

o Includes a bedroom, living area, kitchen, and bathroom.

 2-Bedroom Units:

o Area: 60–90 sqm (645–968 sq. ft.).

o Includes two bedrooms, living/dining areas, kitchen, and two

bathrooms.

 3-Bedroom Units:

o Area: 90–150 sqm (968–1,615 sq. ft.).

o For larger families, includes multiple bedrooms, bathrooms, and

a spacious living/dining area.

2. Lobbies and Common Areas

 Main Lobby:

o Area: 40–100 sqm (430–1,076 sq. ft.) or larger, depending on

building size and expected foot traffic.

o Height: Minimum 4.5 meters (15 feet) for a grand, welcoming

space.

 Lift/Elevator Lobbies (on each floor):

o Area: 15–30 sqm (161–322 sq. ft.), sized to accommodate

peak usage.
 o Should include access to stairwells and fire exits.

3. Elevators and Stairwells

 Elevator Shafts:

o Dimensions depend on capacity:

 Passenger elevators: 1.5–2.5 meters wide x 1.5–2

meters deep (5–8 ft x 5–6.5 ft).

 Freight/service elevators: Larger, typically 2.5–3 meters

wide x 2–2.5 meters deep (8–10 ft x 6.5–8 ft).

 Stairwells:

o Width: Minimum 1.2 meters (4 feet) per NBCP for fire escape.

o Tread and riser dimensions: 28 cm (11 inches) tread and 18

cm (7 inches) riser.

4. Amenities and Recreational Spaces

 Swimming Pool:

o Standard dimensions: 6 x 12 meters (20 x 40 feet) for

residential pools; may include a shallow wading area for children.

 Gym/Fitness Center:

o Area: 50–150 sqm (538–1,615 sq. ft.).

 Function Rooms/Multipurpose Halls:

o Area: 50–100 sqm (538–1,076 sq. ft.) for hosting events.

 Outdoor Areas (e.g., Playgrounds, Gardens):

o Size depends on lot space but should be at least 10% of total

lot area for recreational landscaping.

5. Parking Areas

 Parking Slots:
 o Standard dimensions for a car: 2.4 x 5 meters (8 x 16.4 feet).

o For SUVs or larger vehicles: 2.5–3 x 6 meters (8.2–10 x 20

feet).

 Circulation Aisles:

o Width: 6 meters (20 feet) for two-way traffic.

o 4 meters (13 feet) for one-way traffic.

6. Utility Spaces

 Mechanical/Electrical Rooms:

o Area: 15–30 sqm (161–322 sq. ft.), depending on building

systems.

 Garbage Collection Room:

o Area: 10–15 sqm (107–161 sq. ft.), accessible from service

areas.

 Water Tanks and Pump Rooms:

o Size varies based on building capacity but typically requires a

dedicated space in the basement or rooftop.

 Generator Room:

o Area: 20–40 sqm (215–430 sq. ft.), depending on building size

and emergency power needs.

7. Service and Staff Areas

 Service Elevator Lobby:

o Area: 15–20 sqm (161–215 sq. ft.), used for deliveries and
staff movement.

 Staff Rooms (e.g., Security, Maintenance):

o Area: 10–20 sqm (107–215 sq. ft.) each, located near key
entry/exit points.

 Loading/Unloading Bays:
 o Area: 3 x 6 meters (10 x 20 feet) per bay.

8. Fire and Safety Provisions

 Fire Exits:

o Minimum 1.2 meters (4 feet) width, as per NBCP.

 Fire Command Center:

o Area: 15–20 sqm (161–215 sq. ft.), centrally located for

building safety monitoring.

9. Retail or Commercial Spaces (Optional for Mixed-Use Buildings)

 Retail Shops:

o Area per shop: 10–50 sqm (107–538 sq. ft.), depending on

intended use.

 Supermarket or Anchor Store:

o Area: 500–2,000 sqm (5,380–21,530 sq. ft.) for large mixed-

use developments.

10. Roof Decks and Sky Lounges (Optional)

 Sky Lounge/Viewing Deck:

o Area: 50–150 sqm (538–1,615 sq. ft.), often used as a

relaxation space.

 Green Roofs or Solar Panel Arrays:

o Size varies depending on the sustainability goals of the project.

D. OFFICES

1. Open Office Area (Workstations)

 Purpose: General workspace for employees with desks or cubicles.

 Standard Dimensions:

o Desk size: 1.5–2 meters wide x 0.75–1 meter deep.

 o Clear aisle space between desks: 1.2–1.5 meters.

o Workspace per person: Approximately 6–8 square meters.

2. Private Offices

 Purpose: Offices for executives, managers, or confidential

workspaces.

 Standard Dimensions:

o Small office (for 1–2 people): 2.5 meters x 3 meters (7.5–9

square meters).

o Medium office (for 3–4 people): 3 meters x 4 meters (12

square meters).

o Large office (for 5+ people): 4 meters x 5 meters (20 square

meters).

3. Conference Rooms

 Purpose: Rooms for meetings, presentations, and team collaborations.

 Standard Dimensions:

o Small meeting room (4–6 people): 3 meters x 4 meters (12

square meters).

o Medium meeting room (8–10 people): 4 meters x 5 meters

(20 square meters).

o Large conference room (12+ people): 6 meters x 8 meters

(48 square meters).

4. Executive Boardroom

 Purpose: High-level meetings with top executives.

 Standard Dimensions:

o Boardroom: 7 meters x 12 meters (84 square meters) or larger,

depending on seating arrangements.
5. Reception Area

 Purpose: First point of contact for visitors and guests.

 Standard Dimensions:

o Small reception area: 3 meters x 4 meters (12 square meters).

o Larger reception area: 5 meters x 7 meters (35 square

meters), with waiting space and seating.

6. Break Rooms / Kitchens

 Purpose: Space for employees to take breaks, eat, and socialize.

 Standard Dimensions:

o Small break room: 2.5 meters x 3 meters (7.5 square meters).

o Larger break room: 4 meters x 5 meters (20 square meters),

including kitchen facilities.

7. Restrooms

 Purpose: Toilets for staff and visitors.

 Standard Dimensions:

o Single-user restroom: 1.2 meters x 1.5 meters.

o Multiple-user restroom (per stall): 1.5 meters x 2 meters.

o For larger offices, additional dimensions may be required based

on occupancy (e.g., one toilet for every 10–15 employees).

8. Hallways / Circulation Spaces

 Purpose: Pathways for movement within the office, connecting various

spaces.

 Standard Dimensions:

o Corridors: 1.2 meters to 1.8 meters wide for general traffic.

 o For emergency exits, it must comply with fire code
regulations, generally 1.8 meters to 2 meters for escape
routes.

9. Storage / File Rooms

 Purpose: Storage of documents, office supplies, and equipment.

 Standard Dimensions:

o Small storage room: 2 meters x 3 meters (6 square meters).

o Larger storage room: 4 meters x 5 meters (20 square meters).

10. Copy/Print Rooms

 Purpose: Space for printers, copiers, and office supplies.

 Standard Dimensions:

o Small print room: 2 meters x 3 meters (6 square meters).

o Larger print room: 3 meters x 4 meters (12 square meters),

depending on equipment size.

11. Utility Rooms

 Purpose: Space for mechanical, electrical, and plumbing systems.

 Standard Dimensions:

o Small utility room: 3 meters x 4 meters (12 square meters).

o Larger utility rooms can be designed according to equipment

and service requirements.

12. Vertical Circulation (Elevators and Stairs)

 Purpose: Access between floors.

 Standard Dimensions:

o Elevator dimensions:
  Passenger elevator: Typically 1.5 meters x 2.5 meters
for 2–3 people.

 Larger elevators (for more capacity): 2 meters x 3

meters for 10+ people.

o Stairways: Typically 1.2 meters to 1.5 meters wide, with

handrails on both sides.

13. Lounge Areas

 Purpose: Relaxation or informal meetings.

 Standard Dimensions:

o Lounge seating area: Approximately 2 meters x 3 meters

per seating area.

o Larger lounge: Could be 5 meters x 6 meters (30 square

meters) or more.

Parking Ramp

Height(m) * 100/ Incline(%) = Length (m). Now we want to calculate the

incline with an existing ramp, whose length we know, with the following
formula: Height(m) * 100/ Length (m) = Incline in %.