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Danh Từ và Hậu Tố Tiếng Anh

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53 views8 pages

Danh Từ và Hậu Tố Tiếng Anh

Uploaded by

dtyphuong.24206100074
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Dr English TOEIC Possible Thinking

NOUN – DANH TỪ
A. HÌNH THỨC CỦA DANH TỪ
Một số danh từ được thành lập bằng cách thêm các hậu tố (suffixés) vào sau động từ.

I. 10 hậu tố Danh từ chỉ sự vật, hiện tượng

1. -tion/-ation
Prévéntion (sự ngăn ngừa) Introduction (sự giới thiệu)
Invéntion (sự phát minh) Contribution (sự đóng góp)
Résérvation (sự đặt chỗ) Accommodation (chỗ ở)

2. -ment
Dévélopment (sự phát triển) Achiévément (thành tựu)
Employment (sự tuyển dụng) Disappointment (sự thất vọng)
Improvément (sự cải thiện) Accomplishment (thành tựu)

3. -ce
Préférénce (sự ưa chuộng) Différénce (sự khác nhau)
Atténdance (sự tham dự) Appéarance (sự xuất hiện)
Accéptance (sự chấp nhận) Pérformance (năng lực)

4. -ity
Possiblé – Possibility (sự có thể xảy ra) Résponsiblé – Résponsibility (trách nhiệm)
Popular – Popularity (sự phổ biến) National – Nationality (quốc tịch)
Réal – Réality (thực tế) Spécial – Spéciality (chuyên môn)

5. -th
Grow – Growth (sự phát triển) Warm – Warmth (sự ấm áp)
Strong – Stréngth (sức mạnh) Widé – Width (sự rộng rãi)

6. -age
Postage (bưu phí) Package (bưu kiện, bưu phẩm)
Language (ngôn ngữ) Storage (sự lưu trữ)
Marriage (hôn nhân) Shortage (sự thiếu hụt)

1 HỌC 1 BIẾT 30
Dr English TOEIC Possible Thinking
7. -ship
Friénd – Friéndship (tình bạn) Ownér – Ownérship (quyền sỡ hữu)
Author – Authorship (tác quyền) Mémbér – Mémbérship (quyền thành viên)

8. -ism
Capital – Capitalism (chủ nghĩa tư bản) Idéal – Idéalism (chủ nghĩa duy tâm)
Critic – Criticism (sự phê bình) Individual – Individualism (chủ nghĩa cá nhân)

9. -ness
Rich – Richness (sự giàu có) Happy – Happiness (sự hạnh phúc)
Sad – Sadness (sự buồn phiền) Willing – Willingness (sự sẵn sàng)

10. -dom
Fréédom (sự tự do) Kingdom (vương quốc)
Wisdom (sự khôn ngoan) Borédom (sự nhàm chán)

II. 5 hậu tố Danh từ chỉ người

1. -er
Subscriber (người đăng ký thuê bao) Manager (người quản lý)
Customer (khách hàng) Téacher (giáo viên)

2. -or
Instructor (người hướng dẫn) Négotiator (người đàm phán)
Doctor (bác sĩ) Supérvisor (người giám sát)

3. -ist
Récéptionist (nhân viên lễ tân) Déntist (nha sĩ)
Sciéntist (nhà khoa học) Economist (nhà kinh tế học)

4. -ant
Assistant (người trợ lý) Participant (người tham gia)
Accountant (kế toán viên) Consultant (người tư vấn)

5. -ee
Employee (nhân viên) Trainee (người được huấn luyện)
Examinee (thí sinh) Atténdee (người tham dự)

2 HỌC 1 BIẾT 30
Dr English TOEIC Possible Thinking

B. CHỨC NĂNG CỦA DANH TỪ


1. Đầu câu (để làm Chủ ngữ của câu)
__________ for the annual banquet scheduled on December 30 have been sent to all employees.
A. Invite B. Invitations C. Invited D. Invites

2. Sau Động từ (để làm Tân ngữ cho Động từ)


Ticket prices were lowered in an attempt to increase __________ at home games.
A. attend B. attendance C. attending D. attended

3. Sau các Giới từ (in, on, for, at,…)


Billy's work at school has shown signs of __________ this year.
A. improve B. improving C. improvement D. improved

4. Các trường hợp khác


▪ Đưng sau cac mao tư a, an, the.
▪ Đưng sau tỉnh tư sợ hưu my, your, his, her, our, their, its.
▪ Đưng sau tỉnh tư thượng co cac đuoi như ful, ic, al , ible, able, ous, ive, …
▪ Nhưng lượng tư thượng đi vợi danh tư so ỉt each, every, this, that, …
▪ Nhưng lượng tư chỉ vé so lượng thượng đi vợi danh tư so nhiéu all, most, some, several, many,
these, those, …

3 HỌC 1 BIẾT 30
Dr English TOEIC Possible Thinking

C. BÀI TẬP VẬN DỤNG


1. The first prize presented was the Kozar Award 6. Mr. Albrécht’s __________ in replying to the HR
for __________ in educational toy design. diréctor’s émail démonstratéd that he was highly
A. excel interested in the position.
B. excellent A. promptness
C. excellently B. prompted
D. excellence C. prompt
D. promptly
2. The Brownsville Homeless Shelter has helped 7. Many __________ suggest that interactions
thousands of people since its __________ last year. between teachers and students in the classroom
A. creative help increase effectiveness of learning.
B. created A. survey
C. create B. surveys
D. creation C. surveying
D. surveyed
3. Engaging in social __________, Ms. Mason quickly 8. All ________ to our fabulous national park will be
expanded her network after moving to a new city. given a complimentary lunch at the top of the hill.
A. active A. visit
B. activities B. visitations
C. activates C. visitors
D. activated D. visiting
4. The __________ of the diseases can be 9. Employees who attend the workshop on
significantly slowed by taking the medicine improving communication skills will be given a
dévélopéd by Dr. Toft’s téam. certificate of __________ by the instructor.
A. progressed A. achieved
B. progression B. achieving
C. progressive C. achieve
D. progressively D. achievement
5. A sturdy support beam was added to the first 10. The project development team is partially
story of the building for __________ reasons. responsible for the selection and __________ of
A. structures potential building sites.
B. structurally A. appraisal
C. structure B. appraises
D. structural C. appraise
D. appraised

4 HỌC 1 BIẾT 30
Dr English TOEIC Possible Thinking
11. We would appreciate if you took our products 16. In the last 10 years, multinational __________
into __________. have become increasingly controversial.
A. consider A. corporate
B. considerable B. corporately
C. considerably C. corporation
D. consideration D. corporations

12. Prado Tech just signed a lucrative __________ to 17. Our goal for the end of this year is to increase
be the main supplier of technology and tech __________ among other structural engineers in our
support to the government for the next five years. region and build better link of communication.
A. contract A. collaboration
B. contracts B. collaborating
C. contracted C. collaborated
D. contracting D. collaborate

13. The company hired a professional __________ 18. In __________ of the 30th anniversary, Tokyo
to vacant positions. Motors will hold a car design contest next month.
A. recruited A. celebration
B. recruiting B. celebrate
C. recruitment C. celebrating
D. recruiter D. celebrated

14. All __________ who successfully complete their 19. The Telra Corporation complies with all local
preliminary interviews will be notified within the and national __________.
next week. A. regulation
A. apply B. regulated
B. applicants C. regulatory
C. applications D. regulations
D. applied

15. Michael, the former CEO of the company, is 20. __________ for the vacant position must be
looking forward to seeing many friends and made in writing and sent by express mail to the
_________ at néxt yéar’s show in August. manager no later than May 12.
A. acquainted A. Apply
B. acquainting B. Applying
C. acquaintance C. Applicants
D. acquaintances D. Applications

5 HỌC 1 BIẾT 30
Dr English TOEIC Possible Thinking
21. __________ of city buses will attend a training 26. By striving to be neat, well dressed, and
session on new vehicles in the coming months. cheerful, our representatives can make a good
A. Operate first __________ on our clients.
B. Operations A. impression
C. Operators B. impressive
D. Operating C. impressed
D. impress
22. According to various management experts, 27. The main __________ of the strict financial
planning ahead and prioritizing tasks can help accounting of all costs associated with the
raise one's __________. construction is to prepare financial reports that
A. product provide information to investors.
B. productivity A. purpose
C. produced B. purposive
D. producer C. purposes
D. purposely
23. Coffee packs from Pure Brew Coffee are 28. A large __________ of valuable contemporary art
available in a __________ of flavors. has recently been donated to the Beldonni
A. varying Museum.
B. variety A. collects
C. varies B. collected
D. varied C. collection
D. collector
24. The company gives a percentage of its sales 29. Frequent __________ with clients will help a
revenue to charity, and many consumers have company better understand the customers' basic
expressed __________ for this policy. needs and preferences.
A. admires A. interact
B. admired B. interactive
C. admire C. interaction
D. admiration D. interactively
25. Mark Jarvela, a junior employee, proposed an 30. Recent data indicate that the __________ of
innovative project that has been funded by one of water in Orlova Valley has dropped over the last
the organization's biggest __________. two years.
A. sponsor A. consume
B. sponsors B. consumer
C. sponsored C. consumption
D. sponsoring D. consumed

6 HỌC 1 BIẾT 30
Dr English TOEIC Possible Thinking
31. __________ about the risks that may impact our 36. __________ of the management team include
business are included in our most recent reports. improving productivity and reducing annual
A. Detailing expenditures.
B. Details A. Priority
C. Detail B. Prioritizing
D. Detailed C. Priorities
D. Prioritized
32. The president of Paterson Industrial 37. Mr. Martinez will discuss the __________ of the
Solutions has signed a number of important new payroll policy at the company meeting
__________ this month. tomorrow.
A. contract A. specifics
B. contracts B. specifically
C. contracted C. specifies
D. contracting D. specific
33. __________ of homegrown and organic fruits 38. Several __________ are now being published
and vegetables, as well as handmade crafts and electronically, offering the advantages of quick
jewelry, are available for purchase at the and easy access as well as eliminating
Springdale community market. environmental waste.
A. Varies A. periods
B. Variant B. periodic
C. Varieties C. periodicals
D. Various D. periodically
34. Many readers stated that the new novel by 39. In response to consumer complaints, __________
William Dorel has great ________ to the young. instructions for the model 481 bookshelf have
A. appeal been acknowledged.
B. appealed A. assembly
C. appealing B. assemble
D. appealingly C. assembled
D. assembling
35. The Stelle Museum's extensive __________ 40. When she received the award for
consist of a mix of ancient artifacts. businesswoman of the year, she sincerely
A. holds thanked her __________ for all their support.
B. holder A. associates
C. holding B. associate
D. holdings C. associating
D. association

7 HỌC 1 BIẾT 30

Common questions

Powered by AI

Nouns serve various syntactic purposes: as subjects of sentences, they denote the entity performing the action (e.g., 'Invitations have been sent' ), as objects of verbs, they receive or are affected by the action (e.g., 'increase attendance' ), and as objects of prepositions, they specify relations to other sentence elements (e.g., 'signs of improvement' ). Each role affects the noun's placement and function in a sentence, further exemplifying its key grammatical function.

The suffix '-ism' connotatively links a noun to a system of belief or ideology, such as 'capitalism' or 'individualism,' which carries cultural and social significance. This suffix encapsulates complex ideologies or systematized practices, reflecting cultural narratives and the embodied zeitgeist, and thus greatly influences discourse within societal contexts by summarizing ideological stances in single terms .

Suffix usage increases language complexity as it expands vocabularies by creating derivatives with nuanced meanings (e.g., 'accomplishment' vs. 'achievement'). Non-native speakers may struggle to grasp subtle distinctions and appropriate suffix usage rules, which require familiarity with language patterns and etymology. However, mastering these augmentative forms enables nuanced comprehension and articulation, critical for advanced proficiency .

The suffix '-ity' is often used with adjectives ending in -able, -ible, or -ious to form abstract nouns (e.g., 'responsibility' from 'responsible'), indicating a state or condition. Conversely, '-ness' creates more straightforward noun forms from adjectives (e.g., 'happiness' from 'happy'). This distinction is significant because '-ity' typically involves a more formal register and greater abstraction, while '-ness' forms are often more concise and colloquial .

Appropriate suffix choice depends on phonological harmony with the root and semantic compatibility; for example, -ment is used where -tion is phonologically awkward. Learners might struggle with exceptions due to historical language development (e.g., preference for Latin vs. Germanic roots), complicating suffix application as not every root appropriately pairs with every suffix in predictable ways .

Noun morphology informs the precision of expression, allowing for clear distinctions between related ideas (e.g., 'development' vs. 'improvement'). This precision is crucial in academic and professional contexts for articulating specific processes, qualities, or roles. The chosen suffix imbues a term with a specific sense of formality and abstraction, influencing how ideas are communicated and understood in scholarly and business communication .

Understanding noun suffixes like -ation, -ment, and -ity aids in deducing meanings by providing clues to the nature of the word (e.g., process, condition) and its syntactic role. For example, knowing that -ation often forms nouns from verbs, one can infer that 'introduction' is the act of introducing. This knowledge allows one to contextualize and predict the behavior and function of unfamiliar words in a text .

Nouns ending in '-ship' (e.g., 'friendship') denote a state or condition of being and often imply a relationship or quality, suggesting a formal and established state. On the other hand, '-dom' (e.g., 'freedom') implies a condition or domain often associated with authority or abstract states, connoting permanence and universality. The choice between these suffixes affects the perceived depth and breadth of the concept being described .

The suffix '-er' is typically added to verbs to create nouns denoting someone who performs an action, e.g., 'manager' or 'teacher,' whereas '-or' is a Latin-derived suffix used similarly for certain nouns, e.g., 'doctor' or 'negotiator.' Both suffixes convert verbs into agent nouns, but they are chosen based on the historical and linguistic context of the root word .

Suffixes like -tion/-ation (e.g., Prevention, Introduction), -ment (e.g., Development, Improvement), and -ce (e.g., Preference, Attendance) are used to form nouns indicating concepts or phenomena. These suffixes transform verbs or adjectives into nouns that embody the act, process, or state of the root word .

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