ict exam
- Physical safety : is concerned with the dangers that could lead to injuries or loss of life
Risk Cause Prevention
Electrocution > Spilling liquids on equipment > Do not allow drinks
> Exposed wires > Check and renew wires regularly
> Unsafe electrical equipment > Check equipment regularly by electrician
> Unsafe electrics > Use RCB ( residual current breaker )
Fire hazard > Overloaded wall socket > Do not use many extension blocks
> Overheating > Clean out dust accumulation
> Exposed wires > Use low voltage equipment
Tripping hazard > Trailing wires > Hide wires under desks
> Damaged flooring > Use wireless connectivity
Personal injury > Heavy equipment > Use large desks
> Desks collapsing under weight > Use strong desks
- DPA : legislation designed to protect individuals and their rights to prevent inaccurate data to be stored about
them
Based on eight principles :
1. Data must be fairly and lawfully processed
2. Data can only be processed for the stated purpose
3. Data must be adequate , relevant and not excessive
4. Data must be accurate
5. Data must not be kept longer than necessary
6. Data must be processed in accordance with the data subjects rights
7. Date must be kept secure
8. Data must not be transferred to another country unless they also have adequate protection
Failure to abide can lead to a heavy fine or imprisonment
- How to stop data being obtained unlawfully :
> Do not leave personal information lying around
> Lock filing cabinets when the room is unoccupied
> Do not leave data on a computer if unattended
> Use secure passwords and user IDs and are difficult to guess / changed frequently
> Make sure that anything sent over email or fax is not of sensitive nature
- Personal data : any data concerning a living person who can be identified from the data itself
Examples of personal data :
> Name
> Email address
> Passport number
> IP address
> Date of birth
> Bank details
> Photos of the individual
Examples of sensitive personal data :
> Ethnicity or race
> Political views
> Religion
> Gender
> Criminal record
> Medical history
> DNA
> Biometric data
- E-safety : the safe and responsible use of technology
In particular :
> When using the internet (1)
> Sending and receiving emails (2)
> Social media (3)
> Online gaming (4)
(1) Using the internet
Precautions :
> Make sure that the websites can be trusted (https , padlock symbol )
> Only purchase items from websites with secure , encrypted connections
> Make sure that device settings are set to "safe search" when using search engines
> Be careful what you download
> Always have anti-virus and anti-malware running in the background
> Log out of websites when you're done using them as cookies are used
(2) Sending and receiving emails
Dangers and precautions :
> Only open emails/attachments from known surfaces
> Make sure your ISP has an effective email filtering feature
> Only replt to an email if you know the person who sent it
> Check that email or website addresses come from a genuine company
> Never send photos of yourself ( especially in school uniform )
> Beware of phishing and pharming scams
> Manually type in email address
> Avoid clicking hyperlinks
> Unsubscribe link could also be fraudulent (fake)
> Avoid using cc or To box when sending multiple emails
(3) Social media
Dangers and precautions :
> Do not publicly post or give out personal information to people you don't know
> Do not send photos of yourself to people you don't know
> Use privacy setting when when posting
> Make sure none of your photos can link you to any place
> Maintain privacy setting to stop "non-friends" from contacting you and to control who can access your profile
> Block or report anybody who acts suspiciously
> Never use your real name , use a nickname
> Do not enter private chat rooms
> Never arrange to meet anyone on your own , tell an adult first and meet them in a public space
> Always respect peoples confidentiality
(4) Online gaming
Risks and Precautions :
> Predators
> Cyber-bullying
> Use of webcams
> Voice-masking technology
> Cyber attacks - viruses , phishing , or spyware
> Violence in game
- Data threats include :
> Hacking
> Phishing
> Smishing
> Vishing
> Pharming
> Viruses
> Malware
> Card fraud
